Association between a common immunoglobulin heavy chain allele and rheumatic heart disease risk in Oceania by Tom Parks, Mariana M. Mirabel, Joseph Kado, Kathryn Auckland, Jaroslaw Nowak, Anna Rautanen, Alexander J. Mentzer, Eloi Marijon, Xavier Jouven, Mai Ling Perman, Tuliana Cua, John K. Kauwe, John B. Allen, Henry Taylor, Kathryn J. Robson, Charlotte M. Deane, Andrew C. Steer, Adrian V. S. Hill, Pacific Islands Rheumatic Heart Disease Genetics Network

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Trachytic Melt Inclusions Hosted in Clinopyroxene Offer a Glimpse Into Samoan EM2‐Endmember Melts by J. V. Adams, F. J. Spera, M. G. Jackson

“…Following correction for post‐entrapment crystallization, the MIs are trachytic (62.6–65.4 wt% SiO2, 1.5–3.0 wt% MgO, and 7.2–10.6 wt% total alkalis (Na2O + K2O)) ALIA‐D115 lavas dredged off the submarine flanks of Savai'i Island, western Samoa have previously been suggested to exhibit binary endmember magma mixing between a mafic, low 87Sr/86Sr magma and an evolved, high 87Sr/86Sr magma (the Enriched Mantle 2 endmember; EM2). …”
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Prevalence, deaths and disability-adjusted-life-years (DALYs) due to type 2 diabetes and its attributable risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: results from the... by Safiri, S, Karamzad, N, Kaufman, JS, Bell, AW, Nejadghaderi, SA, Sullman, MJM, Moradi-Lakeh, M, Collins, G, Kolahi, A-A

“…In 2019, the global point prevalence of type 2 diabetes was slightly higher in males and increased with age up to the 75-79 age group, decreasing across the remaining age groups. American Samoa [19876.8] had the highest age-standardised point prevalence rates of type 2 diabetes in 2019. …”

Deep-Sea Debris in the Central and Western Pacific Ocean by Diva J. Amon, Brian R. C. Kennedy, Kasey Cantwell, Kelley Suhre, Deborah Glickson, Timothy M. Shank, Randi D. Rotjan

“…The highest densities occurred off American Samoa and the main Hawaiian Islands. Debris, mostly consisting of fishing gear and plastic, were also observed in most of the large-scale marine protected areas, adding to the growing body of evidence that even deep, remote areas of the ocean are not immune from human impacts. …”
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The need for translation and cultural adaptation of audiology questionnaires to enable the development of hearing healthcare policies in the Pacific Islands: a Samoan perspective by Annette Kaspar, Sione Pifeleti, Carlie Driscoll

“…Although formal translation and culturally adaption of hearing-related questionnaires may seem a cumbersome process, the aim of this commentary is to illustrate the potential benefits of translating two audiology questionnaires for our use in Samoa. We have carefully selected questionnaires that will serve multiple purposes (i.e., clinical, epidemiology, monitoring and evaluation, evidence-based health policy formulation and implementation), thus making the process ultimately beneficial and worthwhile. …”
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Overexpression of lipoic acid synthase gene alleviates diabetic nephropathy of Leprdb/db mice by Tingting Yan, Sanqiao Yao, Weidong Wu, Yingzheng Zhao, Cheng Xiong, Meiyu Chang, Qiyu Gao, Xianwen Yi, Guangcui Xu

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Impact of Global Warming on Coral Reefs by Sirilak CHUMKIEW, Mullica JAROENSUTASINEE, Krisanadej JAROENSUTASINEE

“…Maps are from ReefBase, www.reefbase.org: 1, Arabian Gulf (United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Iran); 2, Red Sea; 3, east Africa; 4, southern Africa (Mozambique, South Africa); 5, Madagascar; 6, Mauritius, Reunion; 7, Seychelles; 8, Chagos; 9, Maldives; 10, Sri Lanka/southern India; 11, Andaman Sea (Andamans, Thailand, Malaysia); 12, South China Sea (Vietnam, Paracel Islands); 13, Philippines; 14, Indonesia; 15, western Australia; 16, Great Barrier Reef; 17, Ryukyu Islands; 18, Mariana Islands; 19, Palau; 20, Papua New Guinea, Vanuatu; 21, Fiji; 22, Samoa; 23, French Polynesia (including Moorea); 24, Hawaiian Islands; 25, Easter Island; 26, Galapagos Islands; 27, equatorial eastern Pacific (Costa Rica, Cocos Island, Panama´, Colombia, Ecuador); 28, subtropical eastern Pacific (Mexico); 29, Mesoamerican reef system (Mexico, Belize, Honduras, Nicaragua); 30, Greater Antilles (Cuba, Haiti, Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands); 31, Bahamas, Florida; 32, Bermuda; 33, Lesser Antilles; 34, Curaçao, Aruba, Bonaire, Los Roques; 35, Brazil.…”
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Development, validation, and application of a machine learning model to estimate salt consumption in 54 countries by Wilmer Cristobal Guzman-Vilca, Manuel Castillo-Cara, Rodrigo M Carrillo-Larco

“…The pooled dataset where we applied the ML model included 166,677 people; the predicted mean salt consumption ranged from 6.8 g/day (95% CI: 6.8–6.8 g/day) in Eritrea to 10.0 g/day (95% CI: 9.9–10.0 g/day) in American Samoa. The countries with the highest predicted mean salt intake were in the Western Pacific. …”
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Haemophilus ducreyi Cutaneous Ulcer Strains Diverged from Both Class I and Class II Genital Ulcer Strains: Implications for Epidemiological Studies. by Dharanesh Gangaiah, Stanley M Spinola

“…Using whole-genome sequencing of 4 CU strains from Samoa, 1 from Vanuatu and 1 from Papua New Guinea, we showed that CU strains diverged from the class I strain 35000HP and that one CU strain expressed β-lactamase. …”
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Overview, Challenges and Future Prospects of Drug Information Services in Nepal: A Reflective Commentary by Shrestha S, Khatiwada AP, Gyawali S, Shankar PR, Palaian S

“…Ltd, Lalitpur, Nepal; 2Department of Pharmaceutical and Health Service Research, Nepal Health Research and Innovation Foundation, Lalitpur, Nepal; 3In-Charge, Drug Information Center, Manipal Teaching Hospital and Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara, Kaski, Nepal; 4Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Oceania University of Medicine, Apia, Samoa; 5Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab EmiratesCorrespondence: Asmita Priyadarshini KhatiwadaDepartment of Pharmaceutical and Health Service Research, Nepal Health Research and Innovation Foundation, Lalitpur, NepalTel +977-9808291951Email asmita.khatiwada2@gmail.comAbstract: Drug information center (DIC) or Medicine information services provides impartial, well-referenced, critically evaluated, updated information on various aspects of medications to healthcare professionals and consumers. …”
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In Transition towards Organic Farming: Effects of Rock Phosphate, Coral Lime, and Green Manure on Soil Fertility of an Acid Oxisol and the Growth of Soybean (<i>Glycine max</i> L.... by Robert Huang, Nguyen Hue

“…The treatments were a factorial combination of 3 application rates (0, 1, 2 g/kg) of coral lime (86% CaCO₃ equivalent) from Western Samoa, 3 rates (0, 75, 150 mg/kg total P) of rock phosphate (10.6% total P, and 3.7% citrate extractable P) from central Florida, and 3 rates (0, 5, 10 g/kg) of a local cowpea green manure (2.7% N, 2.8% K). …”
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Investigating the origins of eastern Polynesians using genome-wide data from the Leeward Society Isles by Georgi Hudjashov, Phillip Endicott, Helen Post, Nano Nagle, Simon Y. W. Ho, Daniel J. Lawson, Maere Reidla, Monika Karmin, Siiri Rootsi, Ene Metspalu, Lauri Saag, Richard Villems, Murray P. Cox, R. John Mitchell, Ralph L. Garcia-Bertrand, Mait Metspalu, Rene J. Herrera

“…These results stress the complex demographic history of the Leeward Society Islands and challenge phylogenetic models of cultural evolution predicated on eastern Polynesia being settled from Samoa.…”
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Social Media Sharing of Articles About Measles in a European Context: Text Analysis Study by Dominik Wawrzuta, Mariusz Jaworski, Joanna Gotlib, Mariusz Panczyk

“…Yet, it was found that readers were more likely to share information on educational topics and the situation in Germany, Ukraine, Italy, and Samoa. A high amount of anger, joy, and sadness expressed within the text was also associated with a higher number of shares. …”
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Risk assessment and genomic characterization of Zika virus in China and its surrounding areas by Rong-Fei Liu, Zhen-Jian He, Peng Mei, Jia-Cheng Xi, Xu-Dong Cao, Li-Hong Yuan, Jia-Hai Lu, Yi Cui

“…All ZIKV imported into China were Asian lineage and were assigned into two clusters: Venezuela-origin (cluster A) and Samoa-origin cluster (cluster B) with common ancestor from French Polynesia. …”
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Stratified randomization controls better for batch effects in 450K methylation analysis: A cautionary tale by Olive D. Buhule, Ryan L. Minster, Nicola L. Hawley, Mario eMedvedovic, Guangyun eSun, Satupaitea eViali, Ranjan eDeka, Stephen T. McGarvey, Daniel E. Weeks, Daniel E. Weeks

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Characterization of Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) CO₂ for carbon cycle science by S. C. Biraud, M. L. Fischer, H. Matsueda, Y. Sawa, T. Machida, K. W. Bowman, J. R. Worden, F. W. Irion, R. Nassar, D. B. A. Jones, S. S. Kulawik, A. R. Jacobson

“…Monthly spatially-averaged TES data from 2005–2008 processed with a uniform initial guess and prior are compared to CONTRAIL aircraft data over the Pacific ocean, aircraft data at the Southern Great Plains (SGP) ARM site in the southern US, and the Mauna Loa and Samoa surface stations. Comparisons to Mauna Loa data show a correlation of 0.92, a standard deviation of 1.3 ppm, a predicted error of 1.2 ppm, and a ~2% low bias, which is subsequently corrected. …”
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Sistemática y filogenia de las hormigas Myrmicinae de la tribu Adelomyrmecini (Hymenoptera:Formicidae) by Fernando Fernández Castiblanco, Rodulfo Ospina T.

“…Dentro de este grupo se proponen tres géneros con 29 especies así: Adelomyrmex (24 especies, neotrópico, Nueva Guinea, Samoa, Fiji y Nueva Caledonia), Cryptomyrmex nuevo género (dos nuevas especies de Brasil y Paraguay) y Baracidris (tres especies de África). …”
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Prediction of the date, magnitude and affected area of impending strong earthquakes using integration of multi precursors earthquake parameters by M. R. Saradjian, M. Akhoondzadeh

“…&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt; In our previous studies, five strong earthquakes which happened in the Samoa Islands, Sichuan (China), L'Aquila (Italy), Borujerd (Iran) and Zarand (Iran) have been analyzed to locate unusual variations in the time series of the different earthquake precursors. …”
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Development and Application of the Real-Time Individual Asset Attribute Collection Tool by Sheng-Lin Lin, Andrew King, Nick Horspool, Vinod Sadashiva, Ryan Paulik, Shaun Williams

“…Experiences and challenges in applying the framework are highlighted through: (1) the capture of community data in Viet Nam for a multi-hazard assessment in 2014 and 2018, the refinement of asset data related to residential buildings in the Greater Wellington region in 2016, and a survey of building types in Tanna, Vanuatu in 2018; (2) facilitating training in field data capture processes in Indonesia in 2015, as well as in Samoa and Vanuatu in 2017; (3) collection of asset damage data following the 2016 Kaikoura earthquake in New Zealand, the 2016 Tropical Cyclone Winston in Fiji and the 2015 Illapel earthquake and tsunami in Chile.…”
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A pooled analysis of temporal trends in the prevalence of anxiety-induced sleep loss among adolescents aged 12–15 years across 29 countries by Guodong Xu, Lian Li, Lijuan Yi, Tao Li, Qiongxia Chai, Junyang Zhu

“…Increasing (Suriname, Vanuatu, and Myanmar), decreasing (Namibia, Jamaica, the Philippines, Samoa, and Indonesia), and stable (all other countries) trends in anxiety-induced sleep loss were noted. …”
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