Time-Dependent Eddy-Mean Energy Diagrams and Their Application to the Ocean by Thompson, Andrew F., Flierl, Glenn Richard, Chen, Ru, Ph. D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology

“…In the subtropical gyre and Southern Ocean, a delay in energy transfer between different reservoirs occurs during baroclinic instability. …”
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Circulation and Stirring in the Southeast Pacific Ocean and the Scotia Sea Sectors of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current by Balwada, Dhruv, Speer, Kevin G., Owens, W. Brechner, Marshall, John C, Ferrari, Raffaele, LaCasce, Joseph H., 1964-

“…These RAFOS float data were collected during the Diapycnal and Isopycnal Mixing Experiment in the Southern Ocean (DIMES). The mean flow, adjusted to a common 1400-m depth, shows the presence of jets in the time-averaged sense with speeds of 6 cm s⁻¹ in the southeast Pacific Ocean and upward of 13 cm s−¹ in the Scotia Sea. …”
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Challenges and Prospects in Ocean Circulation Models by Fox-Kemper, Baylor, Adcroft, Alistair, Böning, Claus W., Chassignet, Eric P., Curchitser, Enrique, Danabasoglu, Gokhan, Eden, Carsten, England, Matthew H., Gerdes, Rüdiger, Greatbatch, Richard J., Griffies, Stephen M., Hallberg, Robert W., Hanert, Emmanuel, Heimbach, Patrick, Hewitt, Helene T., Hill, Christopher N., Komuro, Yoshiki, Legg, Sonya, Le Sommer, Julien, Masina, Simona, Marsland, Simon J., Penny, Stephen G., Qiao, Fangli, Ringler, Todd D., Treguier, Anne Marie, Tsujino, Hiroyuki, Uotila, Petteri, Yeager, Stephen G.

“…Important large scale applications over the last decade are simulations of the Southern Ocean, the Meridional Overturning Circulation and its variability, and regional sea level change. …”
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Wind, sea ice, inertial oscillations and upper ocean mixing in Marguerite Bay, Western Antarctic Peninsula : observations and modeling by Hyatt, Jason

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Total Matrix Intercomparison: A Method for Determining the Geometry of Water-Mass Pathways by Gebbie, Geoffrey, Huybers, Peter

“…Integrating over the global ocean, the Southern Ocean is dominant, as the inversion indicates that almost 60% of the ocean volume originates from south of the Southern Hemisphere subtropical front.…”
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Quantifying the Consequences of the Ill-Defined Nature of Neutral Surfaces by Klocker, Andreas, McDougall, Trevor J.

“…Here, the authors quantify this component of the total diasurface velocity and show that locally it can be the same order of magnitude as diasurface velocities produced by other mixing processes, particularly in the Southern Ocean. The magnitude of this diasurface advection is proportional to the ocean’s neutral helicity, which is observed to be quite small in today’s ocean. …”
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Ocean Fertilization: Science, Policy, and Commerce by Strong, Aaron L., Cullen, John J., Chisholm, Sallie (Penny)

“…With the controversy surrounding the most recent scientific iron fertilization experiment in the Southern Ocean (LOHAFEX) and the ongoing discussion about restrictions on large-scale iron fertilization activities by the London Convention, the debate about the potential use of iron fertilization for geoengineering has never been more public or more pronounced. …”
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Float-Derived Isopycnal Diffusivities in the DIMES Experiment by Balwada, D., Speer, K., Ferrari, Raffaele, Tulloch, Ross, LaCasce, Joseph H., 1964-, Marshall, John C

“…As part of the Diapycnal and Isopycnal Mixing Experiment in the Southern Ocean (DIMES), 210 subsurface floats were deployed west of the Drake Passage on two targeted density surfaces. …”
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Direct Estimate of Lateral Eddy Diffusivity Upstream of Drake Passage by Tulloch, Ross, Ferrari, Raffaele, Jahn, Oliver, Klocker, Andreas, Ledwell, James R., Messias, Marie-Jose, Speer, Kevin, Watson, Andrew, LaCasce, Joseph H., 1964-, Marshall, John C

“…The estimate is computed from the spreading of a tracer released upstream of Drake Passage as part of the Diapycnal and Isopycnal Mixing Experiment in the Southern Ocean (DIMES). The meridional eddy diffusivity, a measure of the rate at which the area of the tracer spreads along an isopycnal across the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, is 710 ± 260 m[superscript 2] s[superscript −1] at 1500-m depth. …”
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Hidden cycle of dissolved organic carbon in the deep ocean by Repeta, Daniel J., Rothman, Daniel H., Xu, Li, Santinelli, Chiara, Follett, Christopher L

“…These results are consistent with global DOC measurements and explain both the fluctuations in deep DOC concentration and the anomalous radiocarbon values of DOC in the Southern Ocean. Collectively these results provide an unprecedented view of the ways in which DOC moves through the marine carbon cycle.…”
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Global correlation of Upper Campanian - Maastrichtian successions using carbon-isotope stratigraphy: development of a new Maastrichtian timescale by Voigt, S, Gale, A, Jung, C, Jenkyns, H

“…The new δ13C records are correlated with δ13C-stratigraphies of the boreal chalk sea (Trunch borehole, Norfolk, UK, Lägerdorf-Kronsmoor-Hemmoor section, northern Germany, Stevns-1 core, Denmark), the tropical Pacific (ODP Hole 1210B, Shatsky Rise) and the South Atlantic and Southern Ocean (DSDP Hole 525A, ODP Hole 690C) by using an assembled Gubbio δ13C record as a reference curve. …”

Barium stable isotopes in the global ocean: Tracer of Ba inputs and utilization by Hsieh, Y, Henderson, G

“…This global relationship can be simply modeled assuming a primary deep Southern Ocean source for Ba to yield a maximum isotope fractionation of a = 1.00058 ± 0.00010 (a = 138/134Baseawater/138/134Baparticle). …”

Modeling the distribution of Nd isotopes in the oceans using an ocean general circulation model by Jones, K, Khatiwala, S, Goldstein, S, Hemming, SR, van de Flierdt, T

“…By fixing the return flow of the Pacific Ocean to the Southern Ocean with Nd isotope ratios that are consistent with modern observations, the model results are brought into close agreement with a majority of the available data. …”

Understanding the growth and convective instability of mushy layers, with application to young sea ice by Hitchen, J

“…In particular, the salt fluxes from growing sea ice are a major contributor to the cold halocline in the Arctic, and to the Arctic and Southern Ocean circulations more generally. Sea ice is not a pure solid - it has a microstructure of solid ice crystals and concentrated brine, known as a mushy layer. …”

Variability of surface circulation and biological productivity of Southern Indian Ocean in remote sensing perspective by Ranjan, Shenbakavalli

“…Therefore, the oceanic and atmospheric circulation of the Indian Ocean is significantly controlled by the processes occurring in the Southern Ocean region. In this study, a comprehensive analysis was carried out to derive information of the spatial and temporal variability of surface circulation, and biological productivity of the Southern Indian Ocean using the available remote sensing observations. …”
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The KNMI Large Ensemble Time Slice (KNMI–LENTIS) by L. Muntjewerf, R. Bintanja, R. Bintanja, T. Reerink, K. van der Wiel

“…EC-Earth3 has a considerable warm bias in the Southern Ocean and over Antarctica. Hence, users of KNMI–LENTIS are advised to make in-depth comparisons with observational or reanalysis data, especially if their studies focus on ocean processes, on locations in the Southern Hemisphere, or on teleconnections involving both hemispheres. …”
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On the relationship between Atlantic meridional overturning circulation slowdown and global surface warming by L Caesar, S Rahmstorf, G Feulner

“…According to established understanding, deep-water formation in the North Atlantic and Southern Ocean keeps the deep ocean cold, counter-acting the downward mixing of heat from the warmer surface waters in the bulk of the world ocean. …”
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The Sediment Green‐Blue Color Ratio as a Proxy for Biogenic Silica Productivity Along the Chilean Margin by Chen Li, Vincent J. Clementi, Samantha C. Bova, Yair Rosenthal, Laurel B. Childress, James D. Wright, Zhimin Jian, Expedition 379T Scientists

“…The G/B‐derived opal MAR record from Site J1007 largely tracks existing records derived from traditional wet‐alkaline digestion from the south and eastern equatorial Pacific (EEP) Ocean, with a common opal flux peak at ∼50 ka suggesting that increased diatom productivity in the EEP was likely driven by enhanced nutrient supply from the Southern Ocean rather than dust inputs as previously suggested. …”
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Possible effects of global environmental changes on Antarctic benthos: a synthesis across five major taxa by Jeroen Ingels, Ann Vanreusel, Angelika Brandt, Ana I. Catarino, Bruno David, Chantal De Ridder, Philippe Dubois, Andrew J. Gooday, Patrick Martin, Francesca Pasotti, Henri Robert

“…Abstract Because of the unique conditions that exist around the Antarctic continent, Southern Ocean (SO) ecosystems are very susceptible to the growing impact of global climate change and other anthropogenic influences. …”
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Recent Decline in Antarctic Sea Ice Cover From 2016 to 2022: Insights From Satellite Observations, Argo Floats, and Model Reanalysis by Kshitija Suryawanshi, B. Jena, C. C. Bajish, N. Anilkumar

“…We find that the observed decline in SIE during 2016–2022 occurred due to the combined influences from the intensification of atmospheric zonal waves with enhanced poleward transport of warm-moist air and anomalous warming in the Southern Ocean mixed layer (>1°C). Although the sudden sea ice decline in spring of 2016 occurred corresponding to the transitional climate shift from IPO– (Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation, 2000–2014) to IPO+ (2014–2016), the recent decline after 2016 occurred in a dominant IPO– and Southern Annular Mode (SAM+). …”
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