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A contrast in sea ice drift and deformation between winter and spring of 2019 in the Antarctic marginal ice zone
Published 2024-01-01“…<p>Two ensembles of buoys, deployed in the marginal ice zone (MIZ) of the north-eastern Weddell Sea region of the Southern Ocean, are analysed to characterise the dynamics driving sea ice drift and deformation during the winter-growth and the spring-retreat seasons of 2019. …”
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842
Exploring the relationship between sea ice and phytoplankton growth in the Weddell Gyre using satellite and Argo float data
Published 2024-04-01“…<p>Some of the highest rates of primary production across the Southern Ocean occur in the seasonal ice zone (SIZ), making this a prominent area of importance for both local ecosystems and the global carbon cycle. …”
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843
Lighten up the dark: metazoan parasites as indicators for the ecology of Antarctic crocodile icefish (Channichthyidae) from the north-west Antarctic Peninsula
Published 2018-05-01“…Parasites, directly linked to the food chain, can function as biological indicators and provide valuable information on host ecology (e.g., trophic interactions) even in remote habitats with limited accessibility, such as the Southern Ocean. In the present study, channichthyid fish (Champsocephalus gunnari: n = 25, Chaenodraco wilsoni: n = 33, Neopagetopsis ionah: n = 3, Pagetopsis macropterus: n = 4, Pseudochaenichthys georgianus: n = 15) were collected off South Shetland Island, Elephant Island, and the tip of the Antarctic Peninsula (CCAML statistical subarea 48.1). …”
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844
Changes in the high-latitude Southern Hemisphere through the Eocene–Oligocene transition: a model–data comparison
Published 2020-03-01“…These large-scale changes are generally linked to declining atmospheric <span class="inline-formula"><i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub></span> levels and/or changes in Southern Ocean gateways such as the Drake Passage around this time. …”
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845
A parasite outbreak in notothenioid fish in an Antarctic fjord
Published 2022-07-01“…In a hot spot of biodiversity on the West Antarctic Peninsula, which faces among the fastest changing climates on Earth, we captured specimens of two notothenioid fish species affected by large skin tumors at an incidence never before observed in the Southern Ocean. Molecular and histopathological analyses revealed that X-cell parasitic alveolates, members of a genus we call Notoxcellia, are the etiological agent of these tumors. …”
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846
Timescales and regions of the sensitivity of Atlantic meridional volume and heat transport: Toward observing system design
Published 2016“…Among the notable features are the relatively fast timescales of influence (albeit weak in amplitude) between 26°N and the tropical Pacific and Indian Ocean, the absence of dominance of the sub-polar North Atlantic, significant connections to the Agulhas leakage region in the southeast Atlantic on timescales of 5–10 years, and the marked sensitivity propagation of Doppler-shifted Rossby waves in the Southern Ocean on timescales of a decade and beyond. Regional, as well as time-dependent, differences between MVT and MHT sensitivities highlight the lack of a simple correspondence between their variability. …”
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Antarctic Ocean and Sea Ice Response to Ozone Depletion: A Two-Time-Scale Problem
Published 2015“…The response of the Southern Ocean to a repeating seasonal cycle of ozone loss is studied in two coupled climate models and is found to comprise both fast and slow processes. …”
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852
Holocene dynamics of the southern westerly winds over the Indian Ocean inferred from a peat dust deposition record
Published 2020“…The southern westerly winds (SWW) play a major role in climate variability in Southern Hemisphere mid- and high-latitudes, regulating rainfall, ocean circulation, and the Southern Ocean carbon sink. Despite their importance, little is known about millennial scale changes in the SWW and how they have influenced the climate system in the past and interacted with the Earth’s surface elements, such as dust, nutrients and carbon. …”
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853
Observation-constrained estimates of the global ocean carbon sink from Earth system models
Published 2022-09-01“…Here, we show that the global ocean anthropogenic carbon sink simulated by Earth system models can be constrained by two physical parameters, the present-day sea surface salinity in the subtropical–polar frontal zone in the Southern Ocean and the strength of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation, and one biogeochemical parameter, the Revelle factor of the global surface ocean. …”
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854
Spatial and temporal variability in Holocene trough-fill sediments, King Haakon Trough System, sub-Antarctic South Georgia
Published 2024-01-01“…Accordingly, thick sediment sequences in the troughs across South Georgia's continental shelf serve as valuable archives for past climate variations in the Southern Ocean. Since Holocene climate fluctuations led to only minimal oscillations in glacier margin positions within the fjords, the entire shelf was exposed to dynamic ocean currents since at least 10 ka BP. …”
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Amplification of global warming through pH dependence of DMS production simulated with a fully coupled Earth system model
Published 2017-08-01“…The most pronounced feedback is found for the Southern Ocean, where we estimate that the additional climate change enhances sea–air DMS fluxes by about 9 % (15 %), which counteracts the reduction due to ocean acidification.…”
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856
Lead Isotopic Constraints on the Provenance of Antarctic Dust and Atmospheric Circulation Patterns Prior to the Mid-Brunhes Event (~430 kyr ago)
Published 2022-06-01“…These differences are most likely attributed to the enhanced wet removal efficiency with the hydrological cycle intensified over the Southern Ocean, associated with a poleward shift of the southern westerly winds (SWW) during warmer post-MBE interglacials, and vice versa during cooler pre-MBE ones. …”
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857
A missing source of aerosols in Antarctica – beyond long-range transport, phytoplankton, and photochemistry
Published 2017-01-01“…Bulk aerosol sampling has been useful in identifying seasonal cycles in the aerosol populations, especially in populations that have been attributed to Southern Ocean phytoplankton emissions. However, real-time, high-resolution chemical composition data are necessary to identify the mechanisms and exact timing of changes in the Antarctic aerosol. …”
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A simple and realistic aerosol emission approach for use in the Thompson–Eidhammer microphysics scheme in the NOAA UFS Weather Model (version GSL global-24Feb2022)
Published 2024-01-01“…Also interesting are moderately increased aerosol concentrations over the Southern Ocean from the EXP run, which invigorate the development of cloud water and enhance the resolved precipitation in those areas. …”
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Seasonal habitat preference and foraging behaviour of post-moult Weddell seals in the western Ross Sea
Published 2023-01-01“…Weddell seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) are important predators in the Southern Ocean and are among the best-studied pinnipeds on Earth, yet much still needs to be learned about their year-round movements and foraging behaviour. …”
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Deep sea treasures - Insights from museum archives shed light on coral microbial diversity within deepest ocean ecosystems
Published 2024-03-01“…Firstly, we amplified and sequenced the V1–V3 regions of the 16S rRNA gene of these specimens, then we utilized the generated sequences to shed light on the microbial diversity associated with seven families of corals collected from depth in the Coral Sea (depth range 1309 to 2959 m) and Southern Ocean (depth range 1401 to 2071 m) benthic habitats. …”
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