STUDY ABOUT THE ORIGIN OF INCLUSIONS IN THE TUNDISH OF TERNIUM SIDERAR by Alejandro Martín, Juan Andres Méndez, Michel Romero, Gustavo Di Gresia, Carlos Cicutti

“…For the production of steels with high quality standards is essential to know accurately the different sources that generate inclusions, in order to optimize the steelmaking practices and to minimize their frequency. …”
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Flow Field and Temperature Field in a Four-Strand Tundish Heated by Plasma by Mengjing Zhao, Yong Wang, Shufeng Yang, Maolin Ye, Jingshe Li, Yuhang Liu

“…A four-strand T-type tundish in a steelmaking plant was used to explore the changes in the flow field and temperature field of molten steel in the tundish under different plasma heating powers. …”
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Aspectos experimentales de la determinacion de curvas esfuerzo-deformacion a alta temperatura y en atmosfera controlada: Refractarios Al₂O₃-MgO-C by Cavalieri, A. L., Tomba Martinez, A. G., Rohr, G. A., Muñoz, V.

“…The determination of stress-strain curves of Al₂O₃-MgO-C commercial refractories used in steelmaking ladles at room temperature and 1260°C in different atmospheres is presented as an example of application of this methodology.…”
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A theoretical study using the multiphase numerical simulation technique for effective use of H2 as blast furnaces fuel by Jose Adilson de Castro, Cyro Takano, Jun-ichiro Yagi

“…Effective use of H2 rich gas is highly attractive into the steelmaking blast furnace, considering the possibility of increasing the productivity and decreasing the specific emissions of carbon dioxide becoming the process less intensive in carbon utilization. …”
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Research on the evolution mechanism of pinned particles in welding HAZ of Mg treated shipbuilding steel by Ligen Sun, Huirong Li, Liguang Zhu, Yunsong Liu, Jim Hwang

“…The large heat input welding performance of shipbuilding steel could be improved effectively by Mg treated in steelmaking process, but the mechanism of Mg on the nano-scale pinned particles had not been figured out yet, and this is also the bottleneck for Mg oxide metallurgy developing. …”
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Prediction of Endpoint Sulfur Content in KR Desulfurization Based on the Hybrid Algorithm Combining Artificial Neural Network With SAPSO by Siwei Wu, Jian Yang, Runhao Zhang, Hideki Ono

“…In the present work, the endpoint sulfur content prediction model of Kambara Reactor (KR) desulfurization in the steelmaking process is investigated. For Artificial Neural Network (ANN), the effects of different structure parameters, including the number of hidden layer neurons, activation functions and training functions, on the performance of desulfurization model are studied. …”
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Two-Way PBM–Euler Model for Gas and Liquid Flow in the Ladle by Han Zhang, Hong Lei, Changyou Ding, Shifu Chen, Yuanyou Xiao, Qiang Li

“…Ladle metallurgy is an important steelmaking technology in high-quality steel production. …”
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Analysis of predictors for modification of alumina inclusions in medium carbon steel by Raphael Mariano de Souza, Márcia Spelta de Oliveira, José Roberto de Oliveira, Eduardo Junca, Victor Bridi Telles, Felipe Fardin Grillo

“…Currently in steelmaking, “inclusions engineering” has occupied a relevant space in terms of improvements in processes and products. …”
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Sustainable transition of the primary steel production: Carbon footprint studies of hot-rolled coil according to ISO 14067 by Suer Julian, Traverso Marzia, Ahrenhold Frank

“…First bridge technologies towards hydrogen-based steelmaking are crucial to generate a stable demand for hydrogen so that hydrogen supply can follow. …”
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Characterization of steel slag by SEM-EDS, XRD, and INAA by Diogo Teixeira Moreira, Maria Ângela de Barros Correia Menezes, Adriana de Souza Medeiros Batista

“…However, previous characterization of the slag is necessary; since they vary in mineralogical composition conform to steelmaking operations. Classical characterization techniques of ores such as X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) may be limited to characterize small fractions of materials. …”
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Technology portfolio assessment for near-zero emission iron and steel industry in China by Wei-Yi JIANG, Tae Yong JUNG, Han-Cheng DAI, Pian-Pian XIANG

“…In addition, the feedstock supply can have strong regional effects and can subsequently impact the allocation of steelmaking in the future. Therefore, China can achieve near-zero emissions in the steel industry, and electric furnace and hydrogen-based direct reduction iron technologies are crucial to achieving them.…”
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Tackling Uncertainty: Forecasting the Energy Consumption and Demand of an Electric Arc Furnace with Limited Knowledge on Process Parameters by Vanessa Zawodnik, Florian Christian Schwaiger, Christoph Sorger, Thomas Kienberger

“…The rising deployment of volatile renewables and the resultant need for flexibility, coupled with specific challenges in electric steelmaking (e.g., operation optimization, optimized power purchasing, effective grid capacity monitoring), require accurate energy consumption and demand forecasts for electric steel mills to align with the energy transition. …”
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Pathways for Low-Carbon Transition of the Steel Industry—A Swedish Case Study by Alla Toktarova, Ida Karlsson, Johan Rootzén, Lisa Göransson, Mikael Odenberger, Filip Johnsson

“…The concept of techno-economic pathways is used to investigate the potential implementation of CO₂ abatement measures over time towards zero-emission steelmaking in Sweden. The following mitigation measures are investigated and combined in three pathways: top gas recycling blast furnace (TGRBF); carbon capture and storage (CCS); substitution of pulverized coal injection (PCI) with biomass; hydrogen direct reduction of iron ore (H-DR); and electric arc furnace (EAF), where fossil fuels are replaced with biomass. …”
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An Investigation of Non-Metallic Inclusions in Different Ferroalloys using Electrolytic Extraction by Yong Wang, Andrey Karasev, Pär G. Jönsson

“…Ferroalloys are integral constituents of the steelmaking process, since non-metallic inclusions (NMIs) from ferroalloys significantly influence the transformation of inclusions present in liquid steel or they are directly involved in casted steel. …”
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Optimization of Manganese Recovery from a Solution Based on Lithium-Ion Batteries by Solvent Extraction with D2EHPA by Nathália Vieceli, Niclas Reinhardt, Christian Ekberg, Martina Petranikova

“…Manganese is a critical metal for the steelmaking industry, and it is expected that its world demand will be increasingly affected by the growing market of lithium-ion batteries. …”
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Research on the process of metal facing packaging by O.O., O.V., S.I., V.A.

“…Washed and dried metal facing is most expedient to use in steelmaking in the form of bags or briquettes. This makes it possible to turn facing into high-quality bulk material, which replaces piece metal scrap during remelting. …”
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Optimization of Oxygen Injection Conditions with Different Molten Steel Levels in the EAF Refining Process by CFD Simulation by Perawat Thongjitr, Pruet Kowitwarangkul, Yotsakorn Pratumwal, Somboon Otarawanna

“…In electric arc furnace (EAF) steelmaking, oxygen jets play a crucial role in controlling stirring ability, chemical reactions, and energy consumption. …”
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The Potential of Recycling the High-Zinc Fraction of Upgraded BF Sludge to the Desulfurization Plant and Basic Oxygen Furnace by Anton Andersson, Mats Andersson, Elsayed Mousa, Adeline Kullerstedt, Hesham Ahmed, Bo Björkman, Lena Sundqvist-Ökvist

“…In ore-based steelmaking, blast furnace (BF) dust is generally recycled to the BF via the sinter or cold-bonded briquettes and injection. …”
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Analysis of the influence of the solid and liquid phases on steel desulfurization with slags from the CaO–Al2O3 systems using computational thermodynamics by Rodrigo de Oliveira Pezzin, Anna Paula Littig Berger, Felipe Fardin Grillo, Eduardo Junca, Henrique Silva Furtado, José Roberto de Oliveira

“…Keywords: Desulfurization, Secondary steelmaking, Ultra-low-sulfur steel, Liquid and solid phases, Top slag, Computational thermodynamics…”
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Impact of antioxidants in MgO–C refractory on steel cleanliness and refractory degradation by Annelies Malfliet, Antonio Mazzon, Oluwabukunmi Omotola Otegbeye, Zilong Qiu, Gaëlle Butin, Noémie Eliazord, Craig Willoughby, Bruno Touzo, Muxing Guo

“…Magnesia-carbon (MgO–C) refractories are used in steelmaking processes as lining materials. We performed lab-scale tests at 1600 °C and a pO2 of 10−15 atm to determine the effect of Al and Si antioxidant level, time and slag composition on the amount and nature of inclusions in the steel and on the corrosion and infiltration of the refractory. …”
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