An empirical model of ionospheric total electron content (TEC) near the crest of the equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) by Hajra Rajkumar, Chakraborty Shyamal Kumar, Tsurutani Bruce T., DasGupta Ashish, Echer Ezequiel, Brum Christiano G.M., Gonzalez Walter D., Sobral José Humberto Andrade

“…The diurnal pattern of TEC is characterized by a pre-sunrise (0400–0500 LT) minimum and near-noon (1300–1400 LT) maximum. …”
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The Dew Particle Interception Abilities of Typical Plants in Northeast China Plant Leaves Capture Particles in Dew by Yingying Xu, Yingbo Dou, Yan Yi, Xu Yang

“…At night, dew mainly condenses on plant leaf surfaces, the plant leaves settle the particles in the dew, and some of the particles are resuspended into the atmosphere in the process of dew evaporation after sunrise. This paper monitored the condensation and evaporation processes of dew on four common plants in Changchun city from June to September 2020. …”
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The singing activity of the Yellowhammer (Emberiza citrinella) under traffic noise around highways by Aneta Ritz-Radlinská, Vojtěch Barták, Lenka Hodačová, Kristýna Maidlová, Petr Zasadil

“…The influence of locality type, immediate and long-term impact of traffic noise on the average and total length of song sequences in the birdsong, and influence on the total number of recorded song sequences during the second hour after sunrise were evaluated in this study. Our results showed that Yellowhammer’s singing activity changed in localities close to highways compared to agricultural landscape. …”
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Towards the Identification and Classification of Solar Granulation Structures Using Semantic Segmentation by S. M. Díaz Castillo, S. M. Díaz Castillo, A. Asensio Ramos, A. Asensio Ramos, C. E. Fischer, S. V. Berdyugina, S. V. Berdyugina

“…We use continuum intensity maps of the IMaX instrument onboard the Sunrise I balloon-borne solar observatory and their corresponding segmented maps as a training set. …”
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Schumann resonance frequency variations observed in magnetotelluric data recorded from Garhwal Himalayan region India by R. Chand, M. Israil, J. Rai

“…Amplitude variation in the Schumann resonance frequency associated with day-night, sunrise and terminator effect was observed. Average diurnal variation in the first three Schumann resonance frequencies associated with magnetic field components is presented. …”
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Mentoring and Training in Developing Gunung Ireng Geotourism, Patuk District, Gunungkidul Regency, Yogyakarta Special Region by Sri Mulyaningsih, Dina Tania, Nurwidi Astanto Agus Tri Heriyadi, Suhartono Suhartono

“…It is widely recognized as an experiential leisure tour destination with the sunrise, sunset, and milky way watching as its activities. …”
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Nocturnal Boundary Layer Evolution and Its Impacts on the Vertical Distributions of Pollutant Particulate Matter by Yu Shi, Lei Liu, Fei Hu, Guangqiang Fan, Juntao Huo

“…As the convective mixing layer gradually became established after sunrise the following day, the pollutants stored in the nocturnal RL of the preceding night were entrained downward into the mixing layer. …”
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Multiple drivers of invasive lionfish culling efficiency in marine protected areas by Alexandra C. D. Davis, Lad Akins, Clayton Pollock, Ian Lundgren, Michelle A. Johnston, Bernard Castillo II, Kynoch Reale‐Munroe, Vanessa McDonough, Shelby Moneysmith, Stephanie J. Green

“…Highly experienced individuals culling during crepuscular periods (<2 hr from sunrise/sunset) are three times more efficient (in terms of minutes) than novice divers during midday, suggesting: (a) retention of experienced individuals is key for efficient programs, and (b) planning culls with personnel and time of day in mind increases the number of sites covered with the same effort. …”
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Observations of high rates of NO₂-HONO conversion in the nocturnal atmospheric boundary layer in Kathmandu, Nepal by Y. Yu, B. Galle, A. Panday, E. Hodson, R. Prinn, S. Wang

“…Its photolysis after sunrise is an important source of hydroxyl free radicals (OH). …”
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ANALYSIS OF SUN GLARE ON ROUNDABOUTS WITH AERIAL LASER SCANNING DATA by S. M. González-Collazo, J. Balado, E. González, M. Soilán

“…The sun ray’s incidence in the vision angle of the driver is higher during winter solstice, and intersections with obstacles occur mainly during sunrise and sunset. In roundabout vector 7, during winter solstice there is direct sun glare for 7 hours 30 minutes, at the equinoxes for 6 hours 15 minutes and during summer solstice there is no direct sun glare.…”
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Vertical Movements and Patterns in Diving Behavior of Whale Sharks as Revealed by Pop-Up Satellite Tags in the Eastern Gulf of Mexico. by John P Tyminski, Rafael de la Parra-Venegas, Jaime González Cano, Robert E Hueter

“…Whale sharks feeding inshore on fish eggs off the northeast Yucatan Peninsula demonstrated reverse diel vertical migration, with extended periods of surface swimming beginning at sunrise followed by an abrupt change in the mid-afternoon to regular vertical oscillations, a pattern that continued overnight. …”
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Comparison of the Atmospheric Electric Field from Three Global Stations in 2021 by Lei Li, Tao Chen, Jiajun Song, Shuo Ti, Shihan Wang, Chunlin Cai, Wen Li, Jing Luo

“…Then, we compared different sunrise and sunset times and PM 2.5 concentrations, analyzed the seasonal differences for each station, the differences among the three stations, and the difference between their curves and the Carnegie curve, and finally concluded that the difference among them showed positive correlations with PM 2.5 concentrations. …”
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Effect of Ramadan Fasting during Pregnancy on Neonatal Birth Weight by Nahid Sarafraz, Mahboobeh Kafaei Atrian, Fatemeh Abbaszadeh, Azam Bagheri

“…<strong>Introduction:</strong> Muslims fast from sunrise to sunset during Ramadan, the 9th lunar month. …”
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Analysis of Relationship between O3, NO, and NO2 in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia by Mohammed Mujtaba Shareef, Tahir Husain, Bader Alharbi

“…The O3 concentrations depicted typical pattern, increasing after sunrise and reaching its maximum during midday. The highest O3 concentrations were observed in the rural location followed by the residential and industrial. …”
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Manx shearwater (Puffinus puffinus) rafting behaviour revealed by GPS tracking and behavioural observations by Cerren Richards, Oliver Padget, Tim Guilford, Amanda E. Bates

“…The halo pattern reforms before sunrise as rafts move away from land and birds leave for foraging. …”
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Long-Term Variations of Plasmaspheric Total Electron Content from Topside GPS Observations on LEO Satellites by Shuanggen Jin, Chao Gao, Liangliang Yuan, Peng Guo, Andres Calabia, Haibing Ruan, Peng Luo

“…The PTEC in the daytime is higher than that in the nighttime, with the peak between 14:00 and 17:00 in the magnetic local time, while the minimum value of PTEC in the belt appears between 3:00 and 6:00 in the magnetic local time before sunrise. For seasonal variations, the PTEC is the highest in spring of the northern hemisphere and the lowest in summer of the northern hemisphere regardless of the state of the solar activity. …”
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Perception of Rickets Disease Among Parents in Al-Baha Province, Saudi Arabia by Alzahrani AA

“…Participants’ knowledge of rickets’ complications was highest for spinal vertebral deformities and lowest for skin deformities. 55% of the participants thought there was no need to stop breast-feeding once rickets is diagnosed, 62% preferred to add fortified milk to the diet, 67% thought that a suitable duration for sunlight exposure is 10 to 15 minutes per day, and 46% thought that sunrise and sunset are suitable times for sun exposure. …”
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Exploring the acceptability of Option B plus among HIV-positive Nigerian women engaged and not engaged in the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV cascade: a qualitati... by Salome C. Erekaha, Llewellyn J. Cornelius, Melissa L. Bessaha, Abdulmumin Ibrahim, Gabriel D. Adeyemo, Mofoluwake Fadare, Manhattan Charurat, Echezona E. Ezeanolue, Nadia A. Sam-Agudu

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Utilizing deliberative engagement for identifying implementation strategy priorities: lessons learned from an online deliberative forum with dental professionals by Inga Gruß, Tim Dawson, Charles D. Kaplan, Daniel J. Pihlstrom, Jeffrey L. Fellows, Deborah E. Polk

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Seasonal and daily protandry in a cyprinid fish by Marek Šmejkal, Daniel Ricard, Lukáš Vejřík, Tomáš Mrkvička, Lucie Vebrová, Roman Baran, Petr Blabolil, Zuzana Sajdlová, Ivana Vejříková, Marie Prchalová, Jan Kubečka

“…Fish abundance peaked twice a day, with a major peak at sunset and a minor peak at sunrise and with the evening peak abundance for males occurring 1 hour 40 minutes earlier than that of females. …”
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