A microglial activity state biomarker panel differentiates FTD-granulin and Alzheimer’s disease patients from controls by Ida Pesämaa, Stephan A. Müller, Sophie Robinson, Alana Darcher, Dominik Paquet, Henrik Zetterberg, Stefan F. Lichtenthaler, Christian Haass

“…Non-targeted mass spectrometry was used to identify proteomic changes in microglia and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of Grn- and Trem2-knockout mice. Additionally, we analyzed the proteome of GRN- and TREM2-knockout hiMGL and their conditioned media. …”
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Interdependence of neural network dysfunction and microglial alterations in Alzheimer’s disease-related models by Melanie Das, Wenjie Mao, Eric Shao, Soniya Tamhankar, Gui-Qiu Yu, Xinxing Yu, Kaitlyn Ho, Xin Wang, Jiaming Wang, Lennart Mucke

“…Genetic reduction of TREM2 exacerbated epileptiform activity after mice were injected with kainate. …”
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Deciphering Immune Landscape Remodeling Unravels the Underlying Mechanism for Synchronized Muscle and Bone Aging by Pengbin Yin, Ming Chen, Man Rao, Yuan Lin, Mingming Zhang, Ren Xu, Xueda Hu, Ruijing Chen, Wei Chai, Xiang Huang, Haikuan Yu, Yao Yao, Yali Zhao, Yi Li, Licheng Zhang, Peifu Tang

“…This communication upregulates CD6 expression in Th17 cells, which then interact with TREM2+ Macs through CD6‐ALCAM signaling, ultimately stimulating the transcription of SPP1 in TREM2+ Macs. …”
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Plasma Nesfatin-1: Potential Predictor and Diagnostic Biomarker for Cognitive Dysfunction in T2DM Patient by Xu D, Yu Y, Xu Y, Ge J

“…The plasma concentrations of nesfatin-1, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), soluble triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells 1 (sTREM1), and sTREM2 in T2DM patients were measured. Cognitive function was evaluated using the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Adult (BRIEF-A). …”
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Neu1 Is Released From Activated Microglia, Stimulating Microglial Phagocytosis and Sensitizing Neurons to Glutamate by David H. Allendorf, Guy C. Brown

“…Microglial activation caused desialylation of microglial phagocytic receptors Trem2 and MerTK, and increased binding to Trem2 ligand galectin-3. …”
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Dynamic Changes in Central and Peripheral Neuro-Injury vs. Neuroprotective Serum Markers in COVID-19 Are Modulated by Different Types of Anti-Viral Treatments but Do Not Affect the... by Krzysztof Laudanski, Jihane Hajj, Mariana Restrepo, Kumal Siddiq, Tony Okeke, Daniel J. Rader

“…YKL-40 and NCAM-1 levels remained elevated over time, with clusters of differential responses identified among TREM-2, TDP43, and YKL40. Fetuin was elevated after the onset of COVID-19 while TREM-2 initially declined before significantly increasing over time. …”
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The association of enlarged perivascular space with microglia-related inflammation and Alzheimer's pathology in cognitively normal elderly by Qingze Zeng, Kaicheng Li, Xiao Luo, Shuyue Wang, Xiaopei Xu, Yeerfan Jiaerken, Xiaocao Liu, Luwei Hong, Hui Hong, Zheyu Li, Yanv Fu, Tianyi Zhang, Yanxing Chen, Zhirong Liu, Peiyu Huang, Minming Zhang

“…The sTREM2 mediated the association between CSF P-tau181 and CS-EPVS. …”
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The effects of microglia on tauopathy progression can be quantified using Nexopathy in silico (Nexis) models by Chaitali Anand, Pedro D. Maia, Justin Torok, Christopher Mezias, Ashish Raj

“…Trem2 appears to reduce tau accumulation rate while increasing its interregional spread from the hippocampal seed area, causing higher tau burden in the striatum, pallidum, and contralateral hippocampus. …”
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Longitudinal cerebrospinal fluid measurements show glial hypo- and hyperactivation in predementia Alzheimer’s disease by Kaja Nordengen, Bjørn-Eivind Kirsebom, Grit Richter, Lene Pålhaugen, Berglind Gísladóttir, Nikias Siafarikas, Arne Nakling, Arvid Rongve, Geir Bråthen, Gøril Rolfseng Grøntvedt, Fernando Gonzalez, Knut Waterloo, Kulbhushan Sharma, Thomas Karikari, Eleonora M. Vromen, Betty M. Tijms, Pieter J. Visser, Per Selnes, Milicia G. Kramberger, Bengt Winblad, Kaj Blennow, Tormod Fladby

“…Using linear and mixed linear regression, we compared levels of CSF sTREM2, YKL-40, clusterin, fractalkine, MCP-1, IL-6, IL-1, IL-18, and IFN-γ both cross-sectionally and longitudinally between groups. …”
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Computational analysis of Alzheimer's disease-associated missense SNPs to understand underlying molecular mechanisms and identify diagnostic biomarkers by Aziza Abugaliyeva, Saad Rasool

“…Conclusion: Three genes, including ATP8B4, UBXN11, and TREM2 and their associated SNPs, were found to be deleterious and are potentially linked to AD. …”
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Gene-based rare allele analysis identified a risk gene of Alzheimer's disease. by Jong Hun Kim, Pamela Song, Hyunsun Lim, Jae-Hyung Lee, Jun Hong Lee, Sun Ah Park, Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative

“…The association of ZNF628 with AD was not dependent on APOE ε4. APOE and TREM2 were also significantly associated with AD, although not at genome-wide significance levels. …”
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A single-cell genomic based investigation of immune cells in the aorta and adipose tissue during metabolic disease progression by Zurke, YX

“…In disease, CD11c⁺Trem2^hi foamy macrophages expanded in the aorta and the adipose tissue, while CD11c⁺CD226⁺ macrophages did not. …”

Anti-inflammatory effects of 9-cis-retinoic acid on β-amyloid treated human microglial cells by Sanjay, Jae Young Kim

“…Moreover, 9-cis-RA treatment augmented Aβ uptake by HMO6 cells, possibly by increasing the cell surface protein levels of TREM2, which is a receptor of Aβ that promotes Aβ phagocytosis by microglia. …”
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Prior episode of colitis impairs contextual fear memory by Chia-Shan Wu, Valerie Endres

“…While the expression of Nfkb, Trem2, and GFAP showed a peak on day 10, the S100a8 expression was high on days 10 and 17 and subsided on day 42. …”
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Purification and Biological Function of Caldecrin by Akito Tomomura, Kenjiro Bandow, Mineko Tomomura

“…In addition, caldecrin suppresses LPS-mediated M1 macrophage polarization through the immunoreceptor triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM) 2, suggesting that caldecrin may function as an anti-osteoclastogenic and anti-inflammatory factor via TREM2. …”
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The Strategies for Treating “Alzheimer’s Disease”: Insulin Signaling May Be a Feasible Target by Guanying You, Jinyi Yao, Qiong Liu, Nan Li

“…This also correlated with PI3K-Akt signaling through the adaptor of TREM2. Whether insulin has any effect on microglia activation in AD pathology is unclear so far. …”
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Dendritic Cells Expressing Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells-1 Correlate with Plaque Stability in Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Patients with Carotid Stenosis. by Vikrant Rai, Velidi H Rao, Zhifei Shao, Devendra K Agrawal

“…These data were supported by increased mRNA transcripts of TREM-1 and decreased mRNA transcripts of TREM-2 in carotid plaques of S compared to AS patients. …”
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Impaired Iron Homeostasis and Haematopoiesis Impacts Inflammation in the Ageing Process in Down Syndrome Dementia by Ruma Raha-Chowdhury, Animesh Alexander Raha, James Henderson, Seyedeh Deniz Ghaffari, Monika Grigorova, Jessica Beresford-Webb, Kieren Allinson, Subhojit Chakraborty, Anthony Holland, Shahid H. Zaman

“…Our results suggest that hepcidin, S100β and TREM2 play a critical role in survival and proliferation of glial cells through a common shared pathway. …”
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Chronic Ethanol Causes Persistent Increases in Alzheimer’s Tau Pathology in Female 3xTg-AD Mice: A Potential Role for Lysosomal Impairment by Autumn E. Tucker, Coral del Mar Alicea Pauneto, Alexandra M. Barnett, Leon G. Coleman, Leon G. Coleman

“…The effects of ethanol on protective AD genes (e.g., APOE and TREM2) as well as proinflammatory genes were measured by PCR. …”
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Ultrasound-driven BaTiO3 nanorobots patching immunologic barrier to cure chronic rheumatoid arthritis by Le Jiang, Yifan Wang, Chunlin Liu, Nan Xu, Wenshuo Li, Lei Wang, Yixian Wu, Jingyun Wang, Zhijun He, Fengbo Sun, Lingyun Zhao, Qiong Wu, Xiumei Wang, Huihui Yuan, Xiaohui Wang, Xiaodan Sun

“…It is demonstrated that the immunologic barrier could be patched by this USNR effectively, thereby eliminating the hyperplasia of vessels and nerves (HVN) and synovitis. Additionally, TREM2 deficiency serum-transfected arthritis (STA) mice models are applied and proved the indispensable role of TREM2 in RA curing mediated by USNR. …”
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