<i>Spirulina platensis</i> Ameliorates Oxidative Stress Associated with Antiretroviral Drugs in HepG2 Cells by Thabani Sibiya, Terisha Ghazi, Jivanka Mohan, Savania Nagiah, Anil A. Chuturgoon

“…Human liver (HepG2) cells were treated with ARVs ((Lamivudine (3TC): 1.51 µg/mL, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF): 0.3 µg/mL and Emtricitabine (FTC): 1.8 µg/mL)) for 96 h and thereafter treated with 1.5 µg/mL <i>Spirulina platensis</i> for 24 h. …”
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Analysis of pharmacovigilance databases for spontaneous reports of adverse drug reactions related to substandard and falsified medical products: A descriptive study by Kevin Pozsgai, Gergő Szűcs, Anikó Kőnig-Péter, Orsolya Balázs, Péter Vajda, Lajos Botz, Róbert György Vida

“…While in the EV data 31, led by vardenafil (n = 16, PRR = 167.19; 101.71–274.84; 95% CI, RRR = 164.66; 100.17–270.66; 95% CI, ROR = 169.47; 103.09–278.60; 95% CI, p &lt; 0.001), entecavir (n = 46, PRR = 161.26, RRR = 154.24, ROR = 163.32, p &lt; 0.001), and tenofovir (n = 20, PRR = 142.10, RRR = 139.42, ROR = 143.74, p &lt; 0.001).Conclusion: The application of pharmacovigilance datasets to identify potential counterfeit medicine ADRs can be a valuable tool in recognition of potential risk groups of consumers and the affected active pharmaceutical ingredients and products. …”
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Cryptolepine and Nibima inhibit hepatitis B virus replication by Seth  A. Domfeh, Patrick  W. Narkwa, Osbourne Quaye, Kwadwo  A. Kusi, Odalys Rivera, Martin  M. Danaah, Baba  A.N. Musah, Gordon  A. Awandare, Kwesi  B. Mensah, Mohamed Mutocheluh

“…Also, in sub-Saharan Africa where chronic HBV infection is endemic, pegylated IFN-α and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, which are first-line agents in the treatment of chronic HBV infection, are inaccessible due to their associated high cost. …”
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Identification and Characterization of Besifovir-Resistant Hepatitis B Virus Isolated from a Chronic Hepatitis B Patient by Jong Chul Kim, Hye Young Lee, Ah Ram Lee, Mehrangiz Dezhbord, Da Rae Lee, Seong Ho Kim, Juhee Won, Soree Park, Na Yeon Kim, Jae Jin Shin, Sang Gyune Kim, Young Seok Kim, Jeong-Ju Yoo, Kyun-Hwan Kim

“…Besifovir dipivoxil maleate (BSV) is a newly developed NA against HBV in the form of acyclic nucleotide phosphonate that is available for oral administration similar to adefovir and tenofovir. Until now, resistance to BSV treatment has not been reported. …”
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Clinical outcomes with second-line dolutegravir in people with virological failure on first-line non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-based regimens in South Africa: a re... by Asare, K, Sookrajh, Y, van der Molen, J, Khubone, T, Lewis, L, Lessells, RJ, Naidoo, K, Sosibo, P, van Heerden, R, Garrett, N, Dorward, J

“…We included people living with HIV aged 15 years or older with virological failure (defined as two consecutive viral loads of ≥1000 copies per mL at least 56 days apart) on first-line NNRTI-based ART containing tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and who switched to second-line ART. …”

Beyond clinical trials: Cross-sectional associations of combination antiretroviral therapy with reports of multiple symptoms and non-adherence among adolescents in South Africa by Natukunda, H, Cluver, L, Toska, E, Musiime, V, Yakubovich, A

“…Independent of covariates, stavudine (d4T)-containing cART regimens and the fixed-dose combination of tenofovir (TDF) + emtricitabine (FTC) + efavirenz (EFV) were associated with more reports of multiple symptoms (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 3.38; 95% CI 1.19 - 9.60 and aOR 2.67; 95% CI 1.21 - 5.88, respectively). …”

Adherence to daily, oral TDF/FTC PrEP during periconception among HIV-exposed South African women by Kathleen E. Hurwitz, Oluwaseyi O. Isehunwa, Kayla R. Hendrickson, Manjeetha Jaggernath, Yolandie Kriel, Patricia M. Smith, Mxolisi Mathenjwa, Kara Bennett, Christina Psaros, Jared M. Baeten, David R. Bangsberg, Jessica E. Haberer, Jessica E. Haberer, Jennifer A. Smit, Lynn T. Matthews

“…BackgroundDaily, oral tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine (TDF/FTC) as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) reduces HIV acquisition for African women. …”
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The Evolving Spectrum of Kidney Histology in HIV-Positive Patients in South Africa by Nicola Wearne, Kathryn Manning, Brendon Price, Brian L. Rayner, Bianca Davidson, Erika SW Jones, Ruan Spies, Carol Cunningham, Aadil Omar, Samantha Ash, Raphaela Bohmer, Luca Kennedy, Frank Post

“…Kidney biopsies were analyzed in 4 time periods as follows: early ART rollout (2005–2009), tenofovir disoproxil (TDF) introduction (2010–2012), TDF-based fixed dose combination (2013–2015), and ART at HIV diagnosis (2016–2020). …”
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A Leu to Ile but not Leu to Val change at HIV-1 reverse transcriptase codon 74 in the background of K65R mutation leads to an increased processivity of K65R+L74I enzyme and a repli... by Crumpacker Clyde S, Nurpeisov Viktoria, Rimland David, Chunduri HimaBindu, Sharma Prem L

“…Clinical studies have shown that mutations at RT codon 65 and 74 which are located in β3-β4 linkage group of finger sub-domain of RT are selected during treatment with several RT inhibitors, including didanosine, deoxycytidine, abacavir and tenofovir. Interestingly, the co-selection of K65R and L74V is rare in clinical settings. …”
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Incidence of low-level viremia and its impact on virologic failure among people living with HIV-1 who switched to elvitegravir-based antiretroviral therapy by Jen-Yu Hsu, Hsin-Yun Sun, Tan-Wen Hsieh, Sui-Yuan Chang, Yu-Chung Chuang, Yu-Shan Huang, Ching-Yu Hsiao, Yi-Ching Su, Wen-Chun Liu, Shu-Fang Chang, Chien-Ching Hung

“…ABSTRACT: Objectives: We aimed to investigate the incidence of low-level viremia (LLV) and its impact on virologic failure (VF) in people living with HIV (PLWH) on stable antiretroviral therapy (ART) who switched to co-formulated elvitegravir, cobicistat, emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide (EVG/c/FTC/TAF). Methods: PLWH aged 18 years or older who had received ART with plasma HIV RNA load (PVL) <50 copies/mL for 6 months or longer and switched to EVG/c/FTC/TAF between March and October 2018 were retrospectively included. …”
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HEPATOXICIDADE EM USUÁRIOS DE PREP EM CENTRO DE TESTAGEM E ACONSELHAMENTO (CTA) DO MUNICÍPIO DE PORTO ALEGRE by Cynara Carvalho Nunes, Larissa Gomes de Mattos, Karen Oliveira Furlanetto

“…Introdução/Objetivos: O esquema disponível para uso na PrEP (profixia pré-exposição) contra HIV-1 atualmente no SUS é a associação de fumarato de tenofovir desoproxila (TDF) 300 mg e emtricitabina (FTC) 200 mg, na posologia de 1 comprimido diário, cuja eficácia e segurança foram demonstradas, com poucos eventos adversos associados ao seu uso. …”
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ESPIROQUETOSE INTESTINAL COMO MANIFESTAÇÃO DE SÍFILIS EM PACIENTE VIVENDO COM HIV by Felipe Arthur Faustino de Medeiros, Vitor Falcão de Oliveira, Julia Ferreira Mari, Lara Silva Pereira Guimarães, Juliana Cavadas Teixeira, Pedro da Silva Campana

“…Homem cisgênero, 43 anos, vivendo com HIV desde 2018, em uso de Tenofovir 300 mg + Lamivudina 300 mg + Dolutegravir 50 mg desde 2019, carga viral indetectável, com contagem de LTCD4+ de 1268 células, vem com quadro de hematoquezia intermitente, associada a evacuação pastosa com muco, de evolução há um mês, não acompanhada de febre ou perda de peso. …”
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Travestis, transgender women and young MSM are at high risk for PrEP early loss to follow-up in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil by Amanda Echeverría-Guevara, Lara E. Coelho, Valdiléa G. Veloso, Maria C. Pimenta, Brenda Hoagland, Ronaldo I. Moreira, Iuri Leite, Emília M. Jalil, Sandra W. Cardoso, Thiago S. Torres, Beatriz Grinsztejn

“…Introduction: Oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with emtricitabine/tenofovir (FTC/TDF) is highly effective in preventing HIV infection. …”
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Comparison of Levels of Nephropathy Biomarkers in HIV-infected Individuals and Healthy Volunteers by Damla ERTÜRK, Aslıhan CANDEVİR, Süheyla KÖMÜR, Ferit KUŞCU, Ayşe Seza İNAL, Behice KURTARAN, Yeşim TAŞOVA, Mustafa BALAL, Yusuf DÖĞÜŞ, Onur ACAR, Özlem GÖRÜROĞLU ÖZTÜRK

“…The estimated-glomerular filtration rate was lower in patients using tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) than in patients not using TDF (p=0.017). …”
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Providing medication for opioid use disorder and HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis at syringe services programs via telemedicine: a pilot study by Mehri S. McKellar, Andrea C. Des Marais, Hillary Chen, Yujung Choi, Rebecca Lilly, Denae Ayers, Jesse Bennett, Lauren Kestner, Brian Perry, Stephanie Poley, Amy Corneli, Christina S. Meade, Nidhi Sachdeva

“…We piloted PARTNER UP, a telemedicine-based program to provide PWID with medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) with buprenorphine/naloxone (bup/nx) and oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine through two syringe services programs (SSP) in North Carolina. …”
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Evaluation of In Vitro and In Vivo Antiviral Activities of Vitamin D for SARS-CoV-2 and Variants by Chee-Keng Mok, Yan Ling Ng, Bintou Ahmadou Ahidjo, Zhen Qin Aw, Huixin Chen, Yi Hao Wong, Regina Ching Hua Lee, Marcus Wing Choy Loe, Jing Liu, Kai Sen Tan, Parveen Kaur, De Yun Wang, Erwei Hao, Xiaotao Hou, Yong Wah Tan, Jiagang Deng, Justin Jang Hann Chu

“…Here, we show that the drug screen has resulted in 121 promising anti-SARS-CoV-2 compounds, of which seven were further shortlisted for hit validation: citicoline, pravastatin sodium, tenofovir alafenamide, imatinib mesylate, calcitriol, dexlansoprazole, and prochlorperazine dimaleate. …”
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New antiviral agents and new treatments on the horizon for the management of viral hepatitis by M. Sönmezoğlu

“…For hepatitis B, along with pegylated interferon a-2a, other drugs that have been approved include lamivudine, adefovir, entecavir, telbivudine and tenofovir, while emtricitabine and clevudine are awaiting FDA approval. …”
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Project CHARIOT: study protocol for a hybrid type 1 effectiveness-implementation study of comprehensive tele-harm reduction for engagement of people who inject drugs in HIV prevent... by Tyler S. Bartholomew, Marina Plesons, David P. Serota, Elizabeth Alonso, Lisa R. Metsch, Daniel J. Feaster, Jessica Ucha, Edward Suarez, David W. Forrest, Teresa A. Chueng, Katrina Ciraldo, Jimmie Brooks, Justin D. Smith, Joshua A. Barocas, Hansel E. Tookes

“…For PrEP, engagement is confirmed by tenofovir on dried blood spot or cabotegravir injection within the previous 8 weeks. …”
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Effect of differentiated direct‐to‐pharmacy PrEP refill visits supported with client HIV self‐testing on clinic visit time and early PrEP continuation by Kidist Belay Zewdie, Kenneth Ngure, Margaret Mwangi, Dominic Mwangi, Simon Maina, Lydia Etyang, Gakuo Maina, Vallery Ogello, Emmah Owidi, Nelly R. Mugo, Jared M. Baeten, Kenneth K. Mugwanya

“…Dried blood spots were collected to test for tenofovir‐diphosphate (TFV‐DP) at random visits. We used logistic regression to assess the intervention effect on PrEP continuation and the Wilcoxon rank sum test to assess the effect on clinic time. …”
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Vaccination against HBV and HAV as Mode of Hepatitis Prevention among People Living with HIV—Data from ECEE Network Group by Kerstin Aimla, Justyna Dominika Kowalska, Raimonda Matulionyte, Velida Mulabdic, Anna Vassilenko, Natalie Bolokadze, David Jilich, Sergii Antoniak, Cristiana Oprea, Tatevik Balayan, Arjan Harxhi, Antonios Papadopoulos, Botond Lakatos, Marta Vasylyev, Josip Begovac, Nina Yancheva, Anca Streinu-Cercel, Antonija Verhaz, Deniz Gokengin, Gordana Dragovic, Lubomir Sojak, Agata Skrzat-Klapaczyńska

“…In HIV/HBV co-infected the choice of NRTI was tenofovir-based in 94.4% of countries in both years. …”
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