A Review and Clinical Understanding of Tenofovir: Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate versus Tenofovir Alafenamide by Chanie Wassner PharmD, BCCCP, BCIDP, Nicole Bradley PharmD, BCPS, BCIDP, Yuman Lee PharmD, BCIDP, AAHIVP

“…Some of the older agents are notorious for many side effects, making patient compliance difficult, which is critical to preventing HIV resistance. Tenofovir is one of the newer, more tolerable, nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors on the market; is a mainstay of many antiretroviral therapy combinations; and is now available in 2 different formulations, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and, the more recent, tenofovir alafenamide (TAF). …”
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Population pharmacokinetics of tenofovir given as either tenofovir disoproxil fumarate or tenofovir alafenamide in an African population by Aida N. Kawuma, Roeland E. Wasmann, Phumla Sinxadi, Simiso M. Sokhela, Nomathemba Chandiwana, Willem D. F. Venter, Lubbe Wiesner, Gary Maartens, Paolo Denti

“…Abstract Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) are prodrugs of the nucleotide analogue tenofovir, which acts intracellularly to inhibit HIV replication. …”
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Vaginal microbiota and mucosal pharmacokinetics of tenofovir in healthy women using tenofovir and tenofovir/levonorgestrel vaginal rings. by Andrea Ries Thurman, Jill L Schwartz, Jacques Ravel, Pawel Gajer, Mark A Marzinke, Nazita Yousefieh, Sharon M Anderson, Gustavo F Doncel

“…Our team developed an intravaginal ring (IVR) that delivers tenofovir (TFV) (8-10 mg/day) alone or with levonorgestrel (LNG) (20 ug/day). …”
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Tenofovir-induced quadriparesis by Ashalatha Muppur, J Mohan Sidhartha, Sd Allahuddin

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Real-world impact of switching from tenofovir disoproxil fumarate to tenofovir alafenamide by Sarah M Michienzi, Mikayla Johnson, Thomas D Chiampas, Eric Wenzler, Rodrigo M Burgos, Renata O Smith, Melissa E Badowski

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Equivalent Decline in Inflammation Markers with Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate vs. Tenofovir Alafenamide by Nicholas T. Funderburg, Grace A. McComsey, Manjusha Kulkarni, Tammy Bannerman, Jessica Mantini, Bernadette Thornton, Hui C. Liu, Yafeng Zhang, Qinghua Song, Liang Fang, Jason Dinoso, Andrew Cheng, Scott McCallister, Marshall W. Fordyce, Moupali Das

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Tenofovir alafenamide versus tenofovir disoproxil fumarate: is there a true difference in efficacy and safety? by Andrew Hill, Sophie L. Hughes, Dzintars Gotham, Anton L. Pozniak

“…Background: Higher plasma tenofovir concentrations are associated with higher risks of renal and bone adverse events. …”
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Tenofovir-induced Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis by Said A. Al-Busafi, Abdulatif Al-Suleimani, Aysha Al-Hamadani, Wasif Rasool

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Tenofovir and Severe Symptomatic Hypophosphatemia by Asim Kichloo MD, Savneek Singh Chugh MD, Sanjeev Gupta MD, Jay Panday MD, Ghazaleh Goldar MD Cand

“…Tenofovir is a broadly used drug used for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). …”
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Cardiovascular risk in chronic hepatitis B patients treated with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate or tenofovir alafenamide by Hyeyeon Hong, Won-Mook Choi, Danbi Lee, Ju Hyun Shim, Kang Mo Kim, Young-Suk Lim, Han Chu Lee, Jonggi Choi

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Comparison of tenofovir plus lamivudine versus tenofovir monotherapy in patients with lamivudine-resistant chronic hepatitis B by Chan Ho Park, Seok Won Jung, Jung Woo Shin, Mi Ae Bae, Yoon Im Lee, Yong Tae Park, Hwa Sik Chung, Neung Hwa Park

Subjects: “…Tenofovir…”
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Tenofovir alafenamide and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate reduce incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic hepatitis B by Young-Suk Lim, Henry L.Y. Chan, Sang Hoon Ahn, Wai Kay Seto, Qin Ning, Kosh Agarwal, Harry L.A. Janssen, Calvin Q. Pan, Wan Long Chuang, Namiki Izumi, Scott Fung, Shalimar, Maurizia Brunetto, Aric Josun Hui, Ting-Tsung Chang, Seng Gee Lim, Frida Abramov, John F. Flaherty, Hongyuan Wang, Leland J. Yee, Jia-Horng Kao, Edward Gane, Jinlin Hou, Maria Buti

“…We aimed to explore how tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) affect HCC risk in patients with CHB. …”
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Pre-Clinical Evaluation of Tenofovir and Tenofovir Alafenamide for HIV-1 Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis in Foreskin Tissue by Laura Else, Sujan D. Penchala, Azure-Dee Pillay, Thabiso B. Seiphetlo, Limakatso Lebina, Christian Callebaut, Suks Minhas, Roland Morley, Tina Rashid, Neil Martinson, Julie Fox, Saye Khoo, Carolina Herrera

“…We pre-clinically assessed the ex vivo pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic (PK–PD) profile of tenofovir (TFV) and tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) in foreskin tissue. …”
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Pharmacokinetics of Tenofovir Alafenamide Fumarate and Tenofovir in the Chinese People: Effects of Non-Genetic Factors and Genetic Variations by Li X, Tan XY, Cui XJ, Yang M, Chen C, Chen XY

Subjects: “…tenofovir alafenamide fumarate…”
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Tough choices: Tenofovir, tenders and treatment by Nathan Ford, Andy Gray, W.D. Francois Venter

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Tenofovir-induced nephrotoxicity: Myths and facts by Ankur Gupta, Ann Bugeja, Dilip Kirpalani

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Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis B with Tenofovir by Mohsen Akhondi Meybodi, Mohamad Mehdi Aghaei, Sanaz Akhondi meybodi

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Tenofovir-associated bone density loss by Iwen F Grigsby, Lan Pham, Louis M Mansky, et al

“…Elucidation of the mechanism(s) involved in tenofovir-mediated bone loss will help in developing adjuvant therapies to reduce tenofovir-associated bone density loss.Keywords: tenofovir, osteoblast, osteoclast, dysfunction, PMPA, renal…”
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Mucosal effects of tenofovir 1% gel by Florian Hladik, Adam Burgener, Lamar Ballweber, Raphael Gottardo, Lucia Vojtech, Slim Fourati, James Y Dai, Mark J Cameron, Johanna Strobl, Sean M Hughes, Craig Hoesley, Philip Andrew, Sherri Johnson, Jeanna Piper, David R Friend, T Blake Ball, Ross D Cranston, Kenneth H Mayer, M Juliana McElrath, Ian McGowan

“…Tenofovir gel is being evaluated for vaginal and rectal pre-exposure prophylaxis against HIV transmission. …”
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Non-Inferior Efficacy of Tenofovir Disoproxil to Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate in Virologically Suppressed Chronic Hepatitis B Patients by Yim HJ, Kim JH, Cho YK, Kweon YO, Cho HC, Hwang JS, Lee C, Koh MS, Baek YH, Park YM, Lee JH, Kim SU, Kang MK, Park NH, Lee JS, Chon YE, Cheon GJ, Chae HB, Sohn JH, Lim YS

“…Hyung Joon Yim,1,* Ji Hoon Kim,2,* Yong Kyun Cho,3 Young Oh Kweon,4 Hyun Chin Cho,5 Jae Seok Hwang,6 Changhyeong Lee,7 Moon Soo Koh,8 Yang-Hyun Baek,9 Young-Min Park,10 Jeong-Hoon Lee,11 Seung Up Kim,12 Min-Kyu Kang,13 Neung Hwa Park,14 June Sung Lee,15 Young Eun Chon,16 Gab Jin Cheon,17 Hee Bok Chae,18 Joo Hyun Sohn,19 Young-Suk Lim20 1Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; 2Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; 3Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; 4Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University, School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea; 5Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea; 6Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea; 7Department of Internal Medicine, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea; 8Department of Internal Medicine, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, College of Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang, Korea; 9Department of Gastroenterology, DongA University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea; 10Department of Internal Medicine, Bundang Jesaeng General Hospital, Seongnam, Korea and Hepatology Center, Bundang Jesaeng General Hospital, Seongnam, Korea; 11Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; 12Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, and Yonsei Liver Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea; 13Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea; 14Department of Internal Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea; 15Department of Internal Medicine, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea; 16Department of Internal Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea; 17Department of Medicine, GangNeung Asan Hospital, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Gangwon-do, Korea; 18Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea; 19Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, and Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri, Korea; 20Department of Gastroenterology, Liver Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Young-Suk Lim, Department of Gastroenterology, Liver Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 43-Gil 88, Olympic-Ro, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, Korea, Tel +82-2-3010-3190, Fax +82-2-485-5782, Email limys@amc.seoul.krPurpose: Tenofovir disoproxil (TD), modified from tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), was developed as a salt-free formulation, removing fumarate to improve the ease of oral intake by reducing the tablet’s size. …”
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