The Dark Knight’s Dystopian Vision: Batman, Risk, and American National Identity by Jeanne Cortiel, Laura Oehme

“…This essay argues that Frank Miller’s Batman: The Dark Knight Returns (1986) and Batman: The Dark Knight Strikes Again (2001-02) are grounded in a specific type of anticipatory consciousness that we read as risk consciousness. …”
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Holy Terror, Batman! Frank Miller’s Dark Knight and the Superhero as Hardboiled Terrorist by Daniele Croci

“…The Dark Knight Returns (1986), The Dark Knight Strikes Again (2002) and Holy Terror (2011) constitute an ideal Batman trilogy that charts the character’s evolution as political counterpoint to the perceived crisis of American identity. …”
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