DETERMINING THE STABILITY OF THE BOREHOLE WALLS AT DRILLING INTERVALS OF LOOSELY COUPLED ROCKS CONSIDERING ZENITH ANGLE by P. A. Blinov

“…Technological and technical factors such as vibration and rotation of the drilling string, formation of launders during the descent and ascent of the assembly, pressure pulsation during the start and stop of pumps, hydrostatic and hydrodynamic pressure of the drilling fluid, its composition and properties, have a great influence on the stress-strain state of the medium opened by the well. …”
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Design and implementation of state-of-charge estimation based on back-propagation neural network for smart uninterruptible power system by Shuo Li, Song Li, Haifeng Zhao, Yuan An

“…Then, the back-propagation neural network is trained by Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm and gradient descent method; and the state of charge of batteries in uninterruptible power system is estimated by the trained back-propagation neural network. …”
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Road Roughness Level Identification Based on BiGRU Network by Shuang Chen, Junjun Xue

“…The Adam algorithm and mini-batch gradient descent are utilized to improve the accuracy and increase the speed of the model training process. …”
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A Novel Profiler Driven by Tidal Energy for Long Term Oceanographic Measurements in Offshore Areas by Xiaoya Zang, Zhujun Zhang, Wei Fan

“…The research results show that tidal energy can be used as a kind of energy to drive the profiler’s ascent and descent motion and to continuously measure ocean parameters without using electric energy. …”
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“Do I need to read to do well?”: a post-pandemic case study of the reading habits and academic attainment of STEM and non-STEM students by Maura Pilotti, Khadija El Alaoui, Rahat Khan, Hanadi Abdelsalam

“…Thus, a convenient sample of female undergraduate students of Saudi Arabian descent was asked to report reading habits and interests. …”
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A GPU IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SECOND ORDER ADJOINT STATE THEORY TO QUANTIFY THE UNCERTAINTY ON FWI by Sergio-Alberto Abreo, Ana-B Ramírez, Oscar-Mauricio Reyes

“…On the one hand, for parameter inversion, the Hessian guides the descent direction such that the cost function minimum is reached with less iterations. …”
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Doubly Constrained Waveform Optimization for Integrated Sensing and Communications by Zhitong Ni, Andrew Jian Zhang, Ren-Ping Liu, Kai Yang

“…New techniques are developed to solve the original problems, which are NP-hard and cannot be directly solved by conventional semi-definite programming (SDP) techniques. Novel gradient descent methods are developed to solve the first two problems. …”
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A Scaled Dai–Yuan Projection-Based Conjugate Gradient Method for Solving Monotone Equations with Applications by Ali Althobaiti, Jamilu Sabi’u, Homan Emadifar, Prem Junsawang, Soubhagya Kumar Sahoo

“…The proposed directions satisfy the sufficient descent condition independent of the line search strategy. …”
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Artificial Neuron-Based Model for a Hybrid Real-Time System: Induction Motor Case Study by Manuel I. Capel

“…In this work, we have experimentally investigated the impact of continuous updating and validation of the hyperparameters, on the performance of a cyber-physical model, with four estimators based on <i>feedforward</i> and <i>narx</i> ANNs, all with the gradient descent-based optimization technique. The main objective is to demonstrate that the optimized values of the hyperparameters can be validated by simulation with MATLAB/Simulink following a mixed approach based on interleaving the updates of their values with a classical training of the ANNs without affecting their efficiency and automaticity of the proposed method. …”
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Validation of bioelectrical impedance analysis in Ethiopian adults with HIV by Maria H. Hegelund, Jonathan C. Wells, Tsinuel Girma, Daniel Faurholt-Jepsen, Dilnesaw Zerfu, Dirk L. Christensen, Henrik Friis, Mette F. Olsen

“…Equations used in BIA are typically derived in healthy individuals of European descent. BIA is specific to health status and ethnicity and may therefore provide inaccurate results in populations of different ethnic origin and health status. …”
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Completely positive maps for imprimitive complex reflection groups by H. Randriamaro

“…Orellana defined in 2008 a length function on imprimitive complex reflection groups that allowed them to introduce an analogue to the descent algebra of Coxeter groups. In this article, we use the length function defined by A. …”
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Mountain &amp; Alpine Medicine by Faulhaber M, 3, Pocecco E, 2, Posch M, Ruedl G

“…About 75% of all falls happened during the descent and 70% of the victims who sustained a fall-related injury showed defective vision. …”
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Coupling a Neural Network-Based forward Model and a Bayesian Inversion Approach to Retrieve Wind Field from Spaceborne Polarimetric Radiometers by Luca Pulvirenti, Nazzareno Pierdicca, Frank S. Marzano

“…To minimize the cost function of MAP and ML, conventional Gradient Descent method, as well as Simulated Annealing optimization technique, have been employed. …”
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Blood Vessel Segmentation of Retinal Image Based on Dense-U-Net Network by Zhenwei Li, Mengli Jia, Xiaoli Yang, Mengying Xu

“…Thirdly, stochastic gradient descent was used to optimize the Dice loss function to improve the segmentation accuracy. …”
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PARAMETRIC IDENTIFICATION OF THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY OF HIGHLY POROUS MATERIALS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF SPACE FACTORS by N.O. Borshchev

“…To do this, it is first necessary to find the components of the gradient of the target functional of the descent step, since this optimization problem is solved by the conjugate directions method, which allows achieving the required convergence in the minimum number of iterative approximations. …”

Beyond Exception and Supremacy: Adwa in the Black Radical Imaginary by Michael Girma Kebede

“…Stories of Adwa have anchored multiple forms of exceptionalism that underpin some Ethiopians’ sense of superiority over others of African descent. This narrative mode goes hand-in-hand with certain toxic, solidarity destroying tendencies of some diasporic Ethiopians. …”
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Least squares reverse time migration imaging with illumination preconditioned based on improved PRP conjugate gradients by Xiaodan Zhang, Rui Li, Lin Cui, Dongxiao Liu, Guizhong Liu, Zhiyu Zhang

“…Abstract Least squares reverse time migration (LSRTM) imaging is the one of the most accurate methods for migration imaging at present, and Polak–Ribiere–Polyak conjugate gradient (PRPCG) for LSRTM has the good numerical performance but weak convergence, so we construct an optimization factor to improve the iteration direction of the gradient, which can automatically generate a sufficient descent direction. The improved PRPCG (IPRPCG) can reduce the data residual values and speed up the iteration. …”
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On the mesoscale structure of the intra-Alpine precipitation distribution during a typical winter snowfall event by Friedrich Obleitner, Georg J. Mayr

“…"Virtual topography" comprised of cold air from a back-door cold front that filled the Inntal limited the descent and consequently the drying out of the air en route from the northern mountain ranges to the even higher Alpine crest. …”
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Accurate genome-wide phasing from IBD data by Keith Noto, Luong Ruiz

“…Abstract As genotype databases increase in size, so too do the number of detectable segments of identity by descent (IBD): segments of the genome where two individuals share an identical copy of one of their two parental haplotypes, due to shared ancestry. …”
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Calculation of the water flow rate of Micro HPP depending on the water fall angle in ideal cases by Salomov Uktam, Abduraxmonov Sultonali, Urishev Omadjon, Juraev Nurmakhamad

“…The paper describes the technology for generating electrical energy in small hydroelectric power plants, in the absence of a natural descent of water flows. It is known that the main parameter for obtaining electrical energy is the water flow, which includes the speed of the water. …”
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