TIM-3 regulates the proliferation by BDNF-mediated PI3K/AKT axis in the process of endometriosis by Wei Tian, Min Liu, Yuqiu Liu, Qingfeng Lv, HuaFeng Cheng, Yanling Gu, Mingjiang Li

“…By adding the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/protein kinase B(PI3K/AKT) pathway inhibitor LY294002 and knocking down PI3K, we further verified that TIM-3 promotes proliferation in vivo and in vitro via the PI3K pathway. …”
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AF9 sustains glycolysis in colorectal cancer via H3K9ac‐mediated PCK2 and FBP1 transcription by Xuefeng He, Xinyang Zhong, Yi Fang, Zijuan Hu, Zhiyu Chen, Yaxian Wang, Huixia Huang, Senlin Zhao, Dawei Li, Ping Wei

“…Methods To investigate the function of AF9 in CRC, we utilised small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) to knock down the expression of 591 ERFs. Subsequently, we performed wound healing assays to evaluate cell proliferation and migration. …”
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ATM inhibition augments type I interferon response and antitumor T-cell immunity when combined with radiation therapy in murine tumor models by Zachary S Morris, Won Jong Jin, Luke M Zangl, Meredith Hyun, Elian Massoud, Kaleb Schroeder, Roxana A Alexandridis

“…Specific immune cell depletion, type 1 interferon receptor 1 knock-out mice (IFNAR1-KO), and STING-deficient tumor cells were used to investigate tumor-immune crosstalk following RT and AZD0156 treatment.Results Combining RT and AZD0156 reduced tumor growth compared with RT or AZD0156 alone in mice bearing MOC2 or B78 tumors. …”
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ZDHHC12 regulates tumor properties through YAP1 in glioblastoma by ZHANG Qixiang, YOU Yongping

“…Western blot and real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RTFQ-PCR) were used to detect the mRNA expression and protein levels in U87, U251 and NHA. ZDHHC12 was knocked down by designed siRNA in two GBM cell lines, U87 and U251, and the protein levels of YAP1 were detected. …”
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Thymic gland aspects in childhood: morpho-functional reciprocal relationships betwen thymus, nervous and endocrine system, in particular, with the somatotrophic axis hormones by N. N. Minyailova, Yu. I. Rovda, A. V. Vedernikova, A. V. Shabaldin, S. F. Zinchuk, O. V. Shmakova, A. V. Golomidov, A. A. Lobykina, V. V. Sokharev

“…Great opportunities have been opened in clinical immunology due to development of effective epistemological methods, e.g., genetic knock-out, transgenic animal models with human stem cell transfer, transplantation of hematopoietic and immunopoietic cells in primary and secondary immunodeficiencies, immune cell malignancies, autoinflammatory diseases, and, finally, infections of the immune system.…”
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Inhibition of Annexin A10 Contributes to ZNF281 Mediated Aggressiveness of Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Zhang X, Zhang C, Zhao Q, Wang S, Wang L, Si Y, Su Q, Cheng S, Ding W

“…Mechanistically, ZNF281 interacted with the ANXA10 promoter region harboring ZNF281 recognition sites, and recruited components of nucleosome remodeling and deacetylation (NuRD) complex. By knocking down such components like HDAC1 or MTA1, ANXA10 was released from transcriptional repression by ZNF281/NuRD, and in turn reversed the EMT, invasion and metastasis driven by ZNF281.Conclusion: ZNF281 drives invasion and metastasis of HCC partially through transcriptional repression of tumor suppressor gene ANXA10 by recruiting NuRD complex.Graphical Abstract: Keywords: zinc finger protein 281, Annexin A10, nucleosome remodeling and deacetylation complex, hepatocellular carcinoma, invasion and metastasis, transcription…”
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Targeting TOR and SnRK1 Genes in Rice with CRISPR/Cas9 by Bhuvan Pathak, Chandan Maurya, Maria C. Faria, Zahra Alizada, Soumen Nandy, Shan Zhao, Muhammed Jamsheer K, Vibha Srivastava

“…Genome targeting with CRISPR/Cas9 is a popular method for introducing mutations and creating knock-out effects. However, limited information is currently available on the mutagenesis of essential genes. …”
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Editing of the MALAT1 Gene in MDA-MB-361 Breast Cancer Cell Line using the Novel CRISPR Method by Soraya Ahmadi-Baloutaki, Abbas Doosti, mojtaba Jaafarinia, Hamedreza Goudarzi

“…The present study aimed to knock out the MALAT1 gene in the MDA-MB-361 breast cancer cell line and evaluate its function and effects on the expression of genes associated with apoptosis. …”
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Periodic Mechanical Stress Inhibits the Development of Osteoarthritis via Regulating ATF3-Akt Axis by Lou Y, Song F, Kang Y, Xu Y

“…Subsequently, activating transcription factor (ATF) 3 expression was knocked down in OA rats, and OA chondrocytes were treated with different heights (0, 1, 2, 4, 8 cm) of PMS or si-ATF. …”
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TRIM26 Facilitates HSV-2 Infection by Downregulating Antiviral Responses through the IRF3 Pathway by Tushar Dhawan, Muhammad Atif Zahoor, Nishant Heryani, Samuel Tekeste Workenhe, Aisha Nazli, Charu Kaushic

“…To do this, we designed and generated two cell lines derived from VK2s with TRIM26 overexpressed (OE) and knocked out (KO). Both, along with wildtype (WT) VK2, were infected with HSV-2 and viral titres were measured in supernatants 24 h later. …”
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CASP6 predicts poor prognosis in glioma and correlates with tumor immune microenvironment by Kai Guo, Kai Guo, Jiahui Zhao, Qianxu Jin, Hongshan Yan, Yunpeng Shi, Zongmao Zhao

“…We determined the role of CASP6 in the tumorigenesis of glioma by knocking down CASP6 in U251 and T98G cell lines.ResultsWe found that CASP6 was overexpressed in glioma samples and in glioma cell lines. …”
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Perillaldehyde Functions as a Potential Antifungal Agent by Triggering Metacaspase-Independent Apoptosis in Botrytis cinerea by Guanbo Wang, Yadi Wang, Kunchun Wang, Haonan Zhao, Mengjie Liu, Wenxing Liang, Delong Li

“…When the two metacaspase genes, BcMca1 and BcMca2, were knocked out from B. cinerea, all mutants did not exhibit reduced sensitivity to PA. …”
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WHO cone bioassay boards with or without holes: relevance for bioassay outcomes in long-lasting insecticidal net studies by Melanie Koinari, Nakei Bubun, Brogan Amos, Kiari Kiari, David Lahu, Stephan Karl

“…Five pieces per whole net sample were prepared in duplicate resulting in a total of n = 100 pairs. Knock-down (KD) was recorded in 10 min intervals within the first hour after exposure and mortality was recorded at 24 h. …”
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Treatment of cholinergic‐induced status epilepticus with polytherapy targeting GABA and glutamate receptors by Jerome Niquet, Donna Nguyen, Marcio deAraujo Furtado, Lucille Lumley

“…Animal models reviewed include pilocarpine‐induced seizure in rats, organophosphorus nerve agent (OPNA)‐induced seizure in rats, and OPNA‐induced seizure in two mouse models: (1) carboxylesterase knockout (Es1−/−) mice which, similarly to humans, lack plasma carboxylesterase and (2) human acetylcholinesterase knock‐in carboxylesterase knockout (KIKO) mice. We also review studies showing that supplementing midazolam and ketamine with a third antiseizure medication (valproate or phenobarbital) that targets a nonbenzodiazepine site rapidly terminates RSE and provides further protection against cholinergic‐induced SE. …”
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SRPK1 Promotes Glioma Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion through Activation of Wnt/β-Catenin and JAK-2/STAT-3 Signaling Pathways by Mengna Shi, Dan Sun, Lu Deng, Jing Liu, Min-Jie Zhang

“…SRPK1 significantly promotes the occurrence and development of gliomas. Knocking down SRPK1 leads to a significant decrease in the proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities of gliomas. …”
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Identification and Characterization of Genes Related to Ampicillin Antibiotic Resistance in <i>Zymomonas mobilis</i> by Binan Geng, Xingyu Huang, Yalun Wu, Qiaoning He, Shihui Yang

“…Additionally, a four−gene mutant ZM4∆ARs was constructed by knocking out <i>ZMO0103</i>, <i>ZMO0893</i>, <i>ZMO1094</i>, and <i>ZMO1650</i> continuously. …”
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Inhibiting CDK4/6 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma via microRNA-21 by Maria Mortoglou, Francesc Miralles, Rhys Richard Mould, Dipankar Sengupta, Pinar Uysal-Onganer

“…We further analysed the mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis of PDAC cells; then assessed the protein content of these cells and revealed numerous Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways associated with PD-0332991 treatment and miR-21 knocking out. Our results demonstrate that combined targeting of CDK4/6 and silencing of miR-21 represents a novel therapeutic strategy in PDAC.…”
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Establishment of a mouse embryonic stem cell line carrying a reporter of mT-F2A-EGFP based on CRISPR/Cas9n technology by WANG Jingyi, WANG Qiong

“…Objective·To establish a T-box transcription factor Brachyury (T gene) fluorescence reporter cell line, in which foot-and-mouth disease virus 2A (F2A) and enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) were knocked in at the end of mouse T gene (mT-F2A-EGFP) in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) by CRISPR/Cas9n (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9 nickase)-mediated homologous-directed repair (HDR) technology.Methods·First of all, the specific single guide RNA (sgRNA) plasmid targeting the sequence near the stop codon of the mouse T gene and the plasmid donor containing F2A-EGFP were constructed. …”
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The protective effects of Ramelteon against 6‐OHDA‐induced cellular senescence in human SH‐SY5Y neuronal cells by Dan Liu, Xinyi Gu, Fang Han, Ming Cai, Weijie Liu, Li Han, Qiang Ma

“…The expressions of p21, p53, and Nrf2 were measured using the qRT‐PCR and Western blotting assay. siRNA technology was used to knock down the expression level of Nrf2 in SH‐SY5Y neuronal cells. …”
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Luteolin alleviates sepsis-induced cardiac injury by activating SIRT1 by LIU Bin, LONG Jun, SI Liangyi

“…Then after SIRT1 expression of RAW 264.7 cells and HL-1 cells was knocked down by siRNA, the expression of above proteins was detected by Western blotting, and mRNA expression levels of inflammatory cytokines were measured by PCR, ATP content was detected by reagent kit, and cell viability was detected by CCK-8 assay. …”
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