STRUCTURAL FEATURES OF SELECTIVE AND NONSELECTIVE NOD RECEPTOR AGONISTS by Yu. A. Dagil, N. P. Arbatsky, B. I. Alkhazova, V. L. Lvov, M. V. Pashenkov

“…To this end, we used a novel biological test system, which represents modified HEK293T cells with NF-κB-driven reporter gene (luciferase) expression and knock-outs of endogenous NOD1 and/or NOD2 genes. …”
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Identification of diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in peripheral immune landscape from coronary artery disease by Xiaoteng Feng, Yifan Zhang, Min Du, Sijin Li, Jie Ding, Jiarou Wang, Yiru Wang, Ping Liu

“…RT-qPCR test showed that CCR9, CSF2, IL13RA1, and NTS had a significant correlation with LDLR−/− mice. IL13RA1 knocked down in RAW264.7 cell lines decreased SCARB1 and ox-LDL-stimulated CD36 mRNA expression, TGF-β, VEGF-C and α-SMA protein levels and increased the production of IL-6, with downregulation of JAK1/STAT3 signal pathway. …”
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The Negative Regulative Roles of <i>BdPGRPs</i> in the Imd Signaling Pathway of <i>Bactrocera dorsalis</i> by Ping Zhang, Zhichao Yao, Shuai Bai, Hongyu Zhang

“…By injection of dsRNA, <i>BdPGRP-LB</i>, <i>BdPGRP-SB</i>₁ and <i>BdPGRP-SC</i>₂ were knocked down by RNA-interference. Silencing of <i>BdPGRP-LB</i>, <i>BdPGRP-SB</i>₁ and <i>BdPGRP-SC</i>₂ separately in flies resulted in over-activation of the Imd signaling pathway after bacterial challenge. …”
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The Impact of TRAIL on the Immunological Milieu during the Early Stage of Abdominal Sepsis by Ann-Kathrin Berg, Elisabeth M. Hahn, Fiona Speichinger-Hillenberg, Annemaria Silvana Grube, Nina A. Hering, Ani K. Stoyanova, Katharina Beyer

“…Therefore, the murine sepsis model Colon ascendens stent peritonitis (CASP) was applied in wild type (WT) and TRAIL knock-out (TRAIL–/–) C57/BL6j mice. Neutrophil granulocytes were isolated from spleen, blood, bone marrow, and peritoneal lavage using magnetic-activated cell sorting. …”
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Empagliflozin improves renal ischemia–reperfusion injury by reducing inflammation and enhancing mitochondrial fusion through AMPK–OPA1 pathway promotion by Wenbo Yang, Xiaoli Li, Liujie He, Shuyang Zhu, Shicong Lai, Xiaopeng Zhang, Zixiong Huang, Biyue Yu, Chunping Cui, Qiang Wang

“…Then, through hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) cellular experiments, we confirmed that empagliflozin could inhibit mitochondrial shortening and division and upregulate OPA1 in human renal tubular epithelial cell line (HK-2) cells. Subsequently, we knocked down OPA1, and mitochondrial division and shortening were observed, which could be alleviated by empagliflozin treatment. …”
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Enhancing Production of Medium-Chain-Length Polyhydroxyalkanoates from <i>Pseudomonas</i> sp. SG4502 by <i>tac</i> Enhancer Insertion by Linxin Song, Ming Wang, Dengbin Yu, Yu Li, Hongwen Yu, Xuerong Han

“…SG4502. One way was to knock out the PHA-depolymerase <i>phaZ</i> gene, the other way was to insert a <i>tac</i> enhancer into the upstream of the <i>phaC1</i>/<i>phaC2</i> genes. …”
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Bioinformatic Analysis of Recurrent Genomic Alterations and Corresponding Pathway Alterations in Ewing Sarcoma by Adam Rock, An Uche, Janet Yoon, Mark Agulnik, Warren Chow, Sherri Millis

“…Mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) derived from knock-in strain of homologous <i>Fgfr4G385R</i> mice display a transformed phenotype with enhanced TGF-induced mammary carcinogenesis. …”
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FABP4 in Paneth cells regulates antimicrobial protein expression to reprogram gut microbiota by Xiaomin Su, Mengli Jin, Chen Xu, Yunhuan Gao, Yazheng Yang, Houbao Qi, Qianjing Zhang, Xiaorong Yang, Wang Ya, Yuan Zhang, Rongcun Yang

“…T: Salmonella Typhimurium; HFD: High-fat diet; Defa: α-defensin; 930 HD5: Human α-defensin 5; HD6: Human α-defensin 6; F/B: Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes; SFB: Segmental filamentous bacteria; AMPs: Antimicrobial peptides; PPARγ: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ; P-PPAR: Phosphorylated PPAR; Dhx15: DEAD-box helicase 15; 935 EGF: Epidermal growth factor; ENR: Noggin and R-spondin 1; CFU: Colony forming unit; Lyz1: Lysozyme 1; Saa1: Serum amyoid A 1; Pla2g2a: Phospholipase A2, group IIA; MMP-7: Matrix metalloproteinase; AU-PAGE: Acid-urea polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; PA: Palmitic 940 acid; GPR40: G-protein-coupled receptor; GF: Germ-free; EGF: Epidermal growth factor; LP: Lamina propria; KO: Knock out; WT: Wild-type.…”
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Identification and validation of ferroptosis-related lncRNA signatures as a novel prognostic model for glioma by Liang Huang, Juan Zhang, Fanghua Gong, Yuhua Han, Xing Huang, Wanxiang Luo, Huaan Cai, Fan Zhang

“…Finally, we found that the ferroptosis process of glioma cells was inhibited after knocking down the expression of LINC01426.Conclusion: The proposed 3-FRL signature is a promising biomarker for predicting prognostic features in glioma patients.…”
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miR‐181c Activates Mitochondrial Calcium Uptake by Regulating MICU1 in the Heart by Hemanth N. Banavath, Barbara Roman, Nathan Mackowski, Debjit Biswas, Junaid Afzal, Yohei Nomura, Soroosh Solhjoo, Brian O'Rourke, Mark Kohr, Elizabeth Murphy, Charles Steenbergen, Samarjit Das

“…Moreover, this mechanism was implicated in the pathology of I/R injury. When MICU1 was knocked down in the miR‐181c/d−/− heart by lentiviral expression of a short‐hairpin RNA against MICU1, cardioprotective effects against I/R injury were abrogated. …”
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Expression profiling of genes regulated by sphingosine kinase1 signaling in a murine model of hyperoxia induced neonatal bronchopulmonary dysplasia by Viswanathan Natarajan, Alison W. Ha, Yangbasai Dong, Narsa M. Reddy, David L. Ebenezer, Prasad Kanteti, Sekhar P. Reddy, J. Usha Raj, Zhengdeng Lei, Mark Maienschein-Cline, Zarema Arbieva, Anantha Harijith

“…We previously reported that knock down of SphK1 (Sphk1 −/− ) in a neonatal mouse BPD model conferred significant protection against hyperoxia induced lung injury. …”
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Transformation and gene editing in the bioenergy grass Miscanthus by Anthony Trieu, Mohammad B. Belaffif, Pradeepa Hirannaiah, Shilpa Manjunatha, Rebekah Wood, Yokshitha Bathula, Rebecca L. Billingsley, Anjali Arpan, Erik J. Sacks, Thomas E. Clemente, Stephen P. Moose, Nancy A. Reichert, Kankshita Swaminathan

“…Results We developed gene editing procedures for Miscanthus using CRISPR/Cas9 that enabled the mutation of a specific (targeted) endogenous gene to knock out its function. Classified as paleo-allopolyploids (duplicated ancient Sorghum-like DNA plus chromosome fusion event), design of guide RNAs (gRNAs) for Miscanthus needed to target both homeologs and their alleles to account for functional redundancy. …”
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Selective reduction of astrocyte apoE3 and apoE4 strongly reduces Aβ accumulation and plaque-related pathology in a mouse model of amyloidosis by Thomas E. Mahan, Chao Wang, Xin Bao, Ankit Choudhury, Jason D. Ulrich, David M. Holtzman

“…Methods We utilized APOE knock-in mice capable of having APOE selectively removed from astrocytes in a tamoxifen-inducible manner and crossed them with the APP/PS1-21 mouse model of amyloidosis. …”
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Ex Vivo High Salt Activated Tumor-Primed CD4+T Lymphocytes Exert a Potent Anti-Cancer Response by Venkataswarup Tiriveedhi, Michael T. Ivy, Elbert L. Myles, Roy Zent, Jeffrey C. Rathmell, Jens Titze

“…Using a transgenic murine model, we demonstrated that CD4 specific TonEBP/NFAT5 knock out (CD4^cre/creNFAT5^flox/flox) abrogated the induction of the effector phenotype and anti-tumor efficiency of CD4+T cells following high salt treatment. …”
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Identification of hub genes and potential molecular mechanisms related to drug sensitivity in acute myeloid leukemia based on machine learning by Boyu Zhang, Haiyan Liu, Fengxia Wu, Yuhong Ding, Jiarun Wu, Lu Lu, Akhilesh K. Bajpai, Mengmeng Sang, Xinfeng Wang

“…Although our study used extensive bioinformatics and machine learning methods to identify the hub genes in AML, their experimental validations using knock-out/-in methods would strengthen our findings.…”
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PD-1 Signaling Promotes Tumor-Infiltrating Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells and Gastric Tumorigenesis in Mice by Kim, Woosook, Chu, Timothy H, Nienhüser, Henrik, Jiang, Zhengyu, Del Portillo, Armando, Remotti, Helen E, White, Ruth A, Hayakawa, Yoku, Tomita, Hiroyuki, Fox, James G, Drake, Charles G, Wang, Timothy C

“…Mice were given injections of an antibody against PD-1 or an isotype control before tumors developed, or anti–PD-1 and 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatin, or an antibody against lymphocyte antigen 6 complex locus G (also called Gr-1), which depletes myeloid-derived suppressor cells [MDSCs]), after tumors developed. We generated knock-in mice that express PD-L1 specifically in the gastric epithelium or myeloid lineage. …”
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Identification and Knockout of Immunodominant Endogenous Retroviral Antigen in Murine Tumor Models by Kang, Byong Ha

“…Human tumors have not been shown to produce infectious ERV, and so we removed the infectious potential of these murine tumor models by knocking out env. The envKO tumors were more susceptible to immune control at varying degrees compared to control knockout cells in vivo. …”
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Polymeric Nanoparticle PET/MR Imaging Allows Macrophage Detection in Atherosclerotic Plaques by Majmudar, Maulik D., Yoo, J., Keliher, Edmund J., Truelove, J. J., Iwamoto, Y., Sena, B., Dutta, P., Borodovsky, Anna, Fitzgerald, K., Di Carli, M. F., Libby, Peter, Swirski, F. K., Weissleder, R., Nahrendorf, Matthias, Anderson, Daniel Griffith

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Computational modeling techniques for biological network productivity increases : optimization and rate-limiting reaction detection by Cui, Yuanyuan, Ph.D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology

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Effect of mitofusin 1 and mitofusin 2 deficiency on electrophysiology parameter following stimulated ischemia reperfusion by Kwek, Xiu Yi

“…Methodology: We used conditional cardiomyocyte-specific Mfn 1 and Mfn 2 Double Knock Out (MfnDKO) mice (n=3) and wild-type littermate (WT) mice (n=3) to investigate the effect of genetic ablation of Mfn 1 and Mfn 2 on CV (measured by multi-electrode array) at baseline and following stimulated acute ischemia and reperfusion (IR). …”
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