Validation of automatically measured T1 map cortico-medullary difference (ΔT1) for eGFR and fibrosis assessment in allograft kidneys by Ibtisam Aslam, Fariha Aamir, Miklós Kassai, Lindsey A. Crowe, Pierre-Alexandre Poletti, Sophie de Seigneux, Solange Moll, Lena Berchtold, Jean-Paul Vallée

“…In conclusion, the proposed RCM U-Net provides more robust auto-segmented cortex and medulla than the other standard CNNs allowing a good correlation of ΔT1 with eGFR and fibrosis as reported in literature as well as the differentiation of cellular and humoral transplant rejection. Therefore, the proposed approach is a promising alternative to the gold standard manual ROI method to measure T1 values without user interaction, which helps to reduce analysis time and improves reproducibility.…”
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Biomarkers of the Complement System Activation (C3a, C5a, sC5b-9) in Serum of Patients before and after Liver Transplantation by Marta Budkowska, Ewa Ostrycharz, Natalia Maria Serwin, Łukasz Nazarewski, Elżbieta Cecerska-Heryć, Marta Poręcka, Paweł Rykowski, Radosław Pietrzak, Krzysztof Zieniewicz, Aldona Siennicka, Beata Hukowska-Szematowicz, Barbara Dołęgowska

“…There were no complications during surgery and no transplant rejection in any of the patients. All patients were discharged home 2–3 weeks after the surgery. …”
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Adherence to, and patient convenience of, prolonged-release tacrolimus in stable kidney and liver transplant recipients after conversion from immediate-release tacrolimus in routin... by Marco Bonani, Alexandre Balaphas, Giulia Bedino, Léo Bühler, Philipp Dutkowski, Kathrin Fausch, Silvia Gluderer, Nicole Graf, Patricia Hirt-Minkowski, Beat Müllhaupt, Carlo Schönholzer, Martin MP Schulz, Reto Venzin, Rudolf P Wüthrich

“… AIMS OF THE STUDY Non-adherence to immunosuppressive therapy in patients following solid organ transplantation is associated with an increased risk of transplant rejection and graft loss. A high pill burden can adversely affect patients’ implementation of their treatment regimens and may lead to omitting doses of medication. …”
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Uncovering the immune microenvironment and molecular subtypes of hepatitis B-related liver cirrhosis and developing stable a diagnostic differential model by machine learning and a... by Shengke Zhang, Chenglu Jiang, Lai Jiang, Haiqing Chen, Jinbang Huang, Jieying Zhang, Jieying Zhang, Rui Wang, Rui Wang, Rui Wang, Hao Chi, Guanhu Yang, Gang Tian, Gang Tian, Gang Tian

“…Liver transplantation is the most effective treatment, but the lack of donor required for transplantation, the high cost of the procedure and post-transplant rejection make this method unsuitable for most patients.Methods: The aim of this study was to find potential diagnostic biomarkers associated with HBV-LC by bioinformatics analysis and to classify HBV-LC into specific subtypes by consensus clustering. …”
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B cell MHC haplotype affects follicular inclusion, germinal center participation and plasma cell differentiation in a mouse model of lupus by Camilla Wibrand, Thomas R. Wittenborn, Lasse Frank Voss, Lasse Frank Voss, Gudrun Winther, Lisbeth Jensen, Alexey Ferapontov, Alexey Ferapontov, Alexey Ferapontov, Sofie V. Fonager, Cecilia Fahlquist-Hagert, Søren E. Degn, Søren E. Degn

“…IntroductionMHC class II molecules are essential for appropriate immune responses against pathogens but are also implicated in pathological responses in autoimmune diseases and transplant rejection. Previous studies have shed light on the systemic contributions of MHC haplotypes to the development and severity of autoimmune diseases. …”
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Effector memory CD4+ T-cells and dendritic cells are noninvasive biomarkers of late cellular rejection after kidney transplantation by A. V. Nosik, S. V. Korotkov, V. V. Smol'nikova, V. Yu. Grinevich, D. Yu. Efimov, M. V. Dmitrieva, A. A. Syantovich, A. A. Dolgolikova, O. V. Kalachik, S. I. Krivenko, I. I. Pikirenya, A. M. Dzyadz'ko, A. E. Scherba, O. O. Rummo

“…In this regard, the search of immunological biomarkers for early noninvasive and accurate diagnosis of kidney transplant rejection is an actual task.Material and methods. …”
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Validation of automatically measured T1 map cortico-medullary difference (ΔT1) for eGFR and fibrosis assessment in allograft kidneys. by Ibtisam Aslam, Fariha Aamir, Miklós Kassai, Lindsey A Crowe, Pierre-Alexandre Poletti, Sophie de Seigneux, Solange Moll, Lena Berchtold, Jean-Paul Vallée

“…In conclusion, the proposed RCM U-Net provides more robust auto-segmented cortex and medulla than the other standard CNNs allowing a good correlation of ΔT1 with eGFR and fibrosis as reported in literature as well as the differentiation of cellular and humoral transplant rejection. Therefore, the proposed approach is a promising alternative to the gold standard manual ROI method to measure T1 values without user interaction, which helps to reduce analysis time and improves reproducibility.…”
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Decoy Receptor 3 Suppresses T-Cell Priming and Promotes Apoptosis of Effector T-Cells in Acute Cell-Mediated Rejection: The Role of Reverse Signaling by Shuo-Chun Weng, Shuo-Chun Weng, Shuo-Chun Weng, Mei-Chin Wen, Mei-Chin Wen, Shie-Liang Hsieh, Shie-Liang Hsieh, Shie-Liang Hsieh, Shie-Liang Hsieh, Nien-Jung Chen, Nien-Jung Chen, Der-Cherng Tarng, Der-Cherng Tarng, Der-Cherng Tarng, Der-Cherng Tarng

“…Our findings supported that the decoy receptor is involved in T-cell modulation in kidney transplant rejection.…”
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Donor hepatitis C status is not associated with an increased risk of acute rejection in kidney transplantation by John C. Johnson, Trine Engebretsen, Muhammad Mujtaba, Heather L Stevenson, Rupak Kulkarni, A. Scott Lea, Akshata Moghe, Ann Kathleen Gamilla-Crudo, Syed Hussain, Michael Kueht

“…We analyzed the effect of donor HCV status on post-renal transplant rejection and virologic infectious outcomes using electronic health record data from multiple US health care organizations. …”
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A phase 2 study of GVAX colon vaccine with cyclophosphamide and pembrolizumab in patients with mismatch repair proficient advanced colorectal cancer by Mark Yarchoan, Chiung‐Yu Huang, Qingfeng Zhu, Anna K. Ferguson, Jennifer N. Durham, Robert A. Anders, Elizabeth D. Thompson, Noah S. Rozich, Dwayne L. Thomas II, Julie M. Nauroth, Christina Rodriguez, Arsen Osipov, Ana De Jesus‐Acosta, Dung T. Le, Adrian G. Murphy, Daniel Laheru, Ross C. Donehower, Elizabeth M. Jaffee, Lei Zheng, Nilofer S. Azad

“…Grade ≥ 3 treatment‐related adverse events were observed in two patients (hemolytic anemia and corneal transplant rejection). Paired pre‐ and on‐treatment biopsy specimens showed increases in programmed death‐ligand 1 expression and tumor necrosis in a subset of patients. …”
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Cemiplimab in locally advanced or metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: prospective real-world data from the DRUG Access ProtocolResearch in context by Karlijn Verkerk, Birgit S. Geurts, Laurien J. Zeverijn, Vincent van der Noort, Henk M.W. Verheul, John B.A.G. Haanen, Astrid A.M. van der Veldt, Ferry A.L.M. Eskens, Maureen J.B. Aarts, Carla M.L. van Herpen, Mathilde Jalving, Jourik A. Gietema, Lot A. Devriese, Mariette Labots, Sahar Barjesteh van Waalwijk van Doorn-Khosrovani, Egbert F. Smit, Haiko J. Bloemendal

“…Most commonly reported TRAE was a kidney transplant rejection (9.5%). Interpretation: Cemiplimab proved highly effective and safe in this real-world cohort of patients with laCSCC or mCSCC, confirming its therapeutic value in the treatment of advanced CSCC in daily clinical practice. …”
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Modelling acute antibody-mediated rejection of human kidney transplants using ex-vivo warm machine perfusionResearch in context by Pankaj Chandak, Benedict L. Phillips, Danothy Bennett, Raphael Uwechue, Nicos Kessaris, Olivia Shaw, Tim Maggs, Luke Woodford, David Veniard, Ranmith Perera, Kiran Parmar, Beverley J. Hunt, Chris Callaghan, Anthony Dorling, Nizam Mamode

“…Summary: Background: Transplant rejection is a major cause of graft loss and morbidity. …”
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A small animal model of chronic hepatitis E infection using immunocompromised rats by Siddharth Sridhar, Shusheng Wu, Jianwen Situ, Estie Hon-Kiu Shun, Zhiyu Li, Anna Jin-Xia Zhang, Kyle Hui, Carol Ho-Yan Fong, Vincent Kwok-Man Poon, Nicholas Foo-Siong Chew, Cyril Chik-Yan Yip, Wan-Mui Chan, Jian-Piao Cai, Kwok-Yung Yuen

“…We developed an animal model of chronic hepatitis E by suppressing immune responses of rats with drugs commonly taken by humans as organ transplant rejection prophylaxis. This model closely mimicked features of chronic hepatitis E in humans.…”
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IL‐34 deficiency impairs FOXP3+ Treg function in a model of autoimmune colitis and decreases immune tolerance homeostasis by Antoine Freuchet, Apolline Salama, Séverine Bézie, Laurent Tesson, Séverine Rémy, Romain Humeau, Hadrien Règue, Céline Sérazin, Léa Flippe, Pärt Peterson, Nadège Vimond, Claire Usal, Séverine Ménoret, Jean‐Marie Heslan, Franck Duteille, Frédéric Blanchard, Magali Giral, Marco Colonna, Ignacio Anegon, Carole Guillonneau

“…Finally, taking advantage of a biocollection, we investigated the correlation between presence of IL‐34 in the serum and kidney transplant rejection. Results Here we report that the absence of expression of IL‐34 in Il34−/− rats and mice leads to an unstable immune phenotype, with production of multiple auto‐antibodies, exacerbated under inflammatory conditions with increased susceptibility to DSS‐ and TNBS‐colitis in Il34−/− animals. …”
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Identification of PDCD1 as a potential biomarker in acute rejection after kidney transplantation via comprehensive bioinformatic analysis by Yucheng Wang, Yucheng Wang, Yucheng Wang, Yucheng Wang, Xiaoli Lin, Xiaoli Lin, Xiaoli Lin, Xiaoli Lin, Cuili Wang, Cuili Wang, Cuili Wang, Cuili Wang, Xinyu Liu, Xinyu Liu, Xinyu Liu, Xinyu Liu, Xiaoying Wu, Xiaoying Wu, Xiaoying Wu, Xiaoying Wu, Yingying Qiu, Yingying Qiu, Yingying Qiu, Yingying Qiu, Ying Chen, Ying Chen, Ying Chen, Ying Chen, Qin Zhou, Qin Zhou, Qin Zhou, Qin Zhou, Haige Zhao, Jianghua Chen, Jianghua Chen, Jianghua Chen, Jianghua Chen, Hongfeng Huang, Hongfeng Huang, Hongfeng Huang, Hongfeng Huang

“…The flow-cytometry analysis demonstrated that both in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, PD1+CD57-, an exhausted T cell phenotype, were downregulated in the acute rejection whole blood samples.ConclusionsOur study illustrated that PDCD1 may be a candidate diagnostic biomarker for acute kidney transplant rejection via integrative bioinformatic analysis.…”
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Nasal administration of anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody modulates effector CD8+ T cell function and induces a regulatory response in T cells in human subjects by Tanuja Chitnis, Tanuja Chitnis, Belinda J. Kaskow, Belinda J. Kaskow, Junning Case, Junning Case, Katherine Hanus, Katherine Hanus, Zhenhua Li, Zhenhua Li, Johnna F. Varghese, Johnna F. Varghese, Brian C. Healy, Brian C. Healy, Christian Gauthier, Christian Gauthier, Taylor J. Saraceno, Shrishti Saxena, Shrishti Saxena, Hrishikesh Lokhande, Thais G. Moreira, Thais G. Moreira, Jonathan Zurawski, Rachel E. Roditi, Rachel E. Roditi, Regan W. Bergmark, Regan W. Bergmark, Federico Giovannoni, Federico Giovannoni, Maria F. Torti, Maria F. Torti, Zhaorong Li, Zhaorong Li, Francisco Quintana, Francisco Quintana, William A. Clementi, Kunwar Shailubhai, Howard L. Weiner, Howard L. Weiner, Clare M. Baecher-Allan, Clare M. Baecher-Allan

“…BackgroundParenteral anti-CD3 Mab (OKT3) has been used to treat transplant rejection and parental administration of a humanized anti-CD3 Mab (Teplizumab) showed positive effects in diabetes. …”
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Prevalencia de rechazo de injerto mediado por anticuerpos en pacientes pediátricos con trasplante renal by Mónica Verenice Cámara Carrillo, Santa Ramírez Godinez, Juan Carlos Barrera de León

“…Diagnosis of renal transplant rejection: Banff classification and beyond. Kidney Res Clin Pract. 2020 Mar 31;39(1):17-31. …”
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mTOR: A Cellular Regulator Interface in Health and Disease by Fahd Boutouja, Christian M. Stiehm, Harald W. Platta

“…Newly identified classes of mTOR inhibitors are being developed to block autoimmune diseases and transplant rejections but also to treat obesity, diabetes, and different types of cancer. …”
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Gut Microbiota and Liver Transplantation: Immune Mechanisms behind the Rejection by Ludovico Abenavoli, Giuseppe Guido Maria Scarlata, Maria Rosaria Paravati, Luigi Boccuto, Francesco Luzza, Emidio Scarpellini

“…This review underlines the changes in gut microbiota composition before and after liver transplantation, hypothesizing possible immune mechanisms linking dysbiosis to transplantation rejection. Evaluation of changes in the gut microbiota composition in these patients is therefore essential in order to monitor the success of LT and eventually adopt appropriate preventive measures.…”
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Glutaminolysis and peripheral CD4+ T cell differentiation: from mechanism to intervention strategy by Tong Liu, Tong Liu, Shaohua Ren, Shaohua Ren, Chenglu Sun, Chenglu Sun, Pengyu Zhao, Pengyu Zhao, Hao Wang, Hao Wang

“…Abnormally differentiated peripheral CD4+ T cells are responsible for the occurrence and development of numerous diseases, including autoimmune diseases, transplantation rejection, and irritability. Searching for an effective interventional approach to control this abnormal differentiation is therefore especially important. …”
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