Transferring Patients From a Primary Stroke Center to Higher Levels of Care: A Qualitative Study of Stroke Coordinators’ Experiences by Jennifer L. Patterson, Wendy Dusenbury, Ansley Stanfill, Barbara B. Brewer, Andrei V. Alexandrov, Anne W. Alexandrov

“…Results A total of 23 stroke coordinators participated representing the Northeast, Mid‐Atlantic, Southeast, Midwest, and Western United States. Findings were grouped into 3 main categories: Internal Primary Stroke Center Factors, Transport Factors, and External Comprehensive Stroke Center Factors. …”
Get full text

The Multiscale Dynamics of the 29 June 2012 Super Derecho by Kacie Nicole Shourd, Michael L. Kaplan

“…Planetary scale Rossby wave breaking occurred almost exactly two weeks before the super derecho on 15–16 June 2012 resulting in the development and intensification of a strong high-pressure system and mixed layer over the complex terrain of the western United States. A week after the initial Rossby wave break (~23 June), daily record-breaking temperatures began to dominate much of the central U.S. as the mixed layer/high pressure continued to strengthen. …”
Get full text

Not All Rivers Are Created Equal: The Importance of Spring-Fed Rivers under a Changing Climate by Robert A. Lusardi, Andrew L. Nichols, Ann D. Willis, Carson A. Jeffres, A. Haven Kiers, Erwin E. Van Nieuwenhuyse, Randy A. Dahlgren

“…In the Western United States, volcanic spring-fed rivers are anticipated to become increasingly more important for salmonids and other native fishes, as these rivers will retain coldwater habitats as the climate warms. …”
Get full text

Soil microbiome analysis supports claims of ineffectiveness of Pseudomonas fluorescens D7 as a biocontrol agent of Bromus tectorum by Gordon F. Custer, Brian A. Mealor, Beth Fowers, Linda T. A. van Diepen

“…ABSTRACT Cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum) is one of the most problematic invasive plants in the western United States. Invasion by annual grasses disrupts nutrient cycling and negatively affects above- and below-ground biodiversity. …”
Get full text

Drought Increases Vulnerability of <i>Pinus ponderosa</i> Saplings to Fire-Induced Mortality by Raquel Partelli-Feltrin, Daniel M. Johnson, Aaron M. Sparks, Henry D. Adams, Crystal A. Kolden, Andrew S. Nelson, Alistair M. S. Smith

“…Given the predictions of more frequent and severe droughts and forecasted increases in fire size and intensity in the western United States, we assessed the impact of drought and different fire intensities on <i>Pinus ponderosa</i> saplings. …”
Get full text

Coexisting with cannabis: wildlife response to marijuana cultivation in the Klamath-Siskiyou Ecoregion by Phoebe Parker-Shames, Wenjing Xu, Lindsey N. Rich, Justin S. Brashares

“…The recent expansion of cannabis agriculture in rural areas of the western United States provides an ideal opportunity to study the outcomes of policy change for land use and wildlife. …”
Get full text

Does conserving roadless wildland increase wildfire activity in western US national forests? by James D Johnston, John B Kilbride, Garrett W Meigs, Christopher J Dunn, Robert E Kennedy

“…National forests in the western United States are divided roughly in half between lands without roads managed for wilderness characteristics and lands with an extensive road system managed for multiple uses including resource extraction. …”
Get full text

Assessing Drought Vegetation Dynamics in Semiarid Grass- and Shrubland Using MESMA by Rowan L. Converse, Christopher D. Lippitt, Caitlin L. Lippitt

“…Drought intensity and duration are expected to increase over the coming century in the semiarid western United States due to anthropogenic climate change. …”
Get full text

Field demonstration analyzing the implementation of individual animal electronic identification and genetic testing in western range sheep flocks by Julie A. Finzel, Austin R. Brown, Roselle C. Busch, Morgan P. Doran, John M. Harper, Daniel K. Macon, Rebecca K. Ozeran, Morgan R. Stegemiller, Karissa Isaacs, Alison Van Eenennaam

“…Adoption of electronic identification ear tags (EID) and DNA testing by commercial range sheep producers in the Western United States has been low, despite the availability of these technologies for over a decade. …”
Get full text

Too hot, too cold, or just right: Can wildfire restore dry forests of the interior Pacific Northwest? by Skye M Greenler, Christopher J Dunn, James D Johnston, Matthew J Reilly, Andrew G Merschel, R Keala Hagmann, John D Bailey

“…As contemporary wildfire activity intensifies across the western United States, there is increasing recognition that a variety of forest management activities are necessary to restore ecosystem function and reduce wildfire hazard in dry forests. …”
Get full text

Not Only Severe Events: Moderate Dry Periods Impact the Hydraulic Functioning and Survival of Planted Ponderosa Pine Seedlings by Carolyn R. Koehn, Matthew D. Petrie, Robert M. Hubbard

“…Juvenile tree survival will increasingly shape the persistence of ponderosa pine forests in the western United States. In contrast to severe pulse disturbances that induce widespread adult and juvenile tree mortality, moderate periods of low rainfall and warm temperatures may reduce forest persistence by killing juvenile trees at the seedling stage. …”
Get full text

Land-Cover and Climatic Controls on Water Temperature, Flow Permanence, and Fragmentation of Great Basin Stream Networks by Andrew S. Gendaszek, Jason B. Dunham, Christian E. Torgersen, David P. Hockman-Wert, Michael P. Heck, Justin Thorson, Jeffrey Mintz, Todd Allai

“…The seasonal and inter-annual variability of flow presence and water temperature within headwater streams of the Great Basin of the western United States limit the occurrence and distribution of coldwater fish and other aquatic species. …”
Get full text

Poor Air Quality Is Linked to Stress in Honeybees and Can Be Compounded by the Presence of Disease by Christopher Mayack, Sarah E. Cook, Bernardo D. Niño, Laura Rivera, Elina L. Niño, Arathi Seshadri

“…Climate change-related extreme weather events have manifested in the western United States as warmer and drier conditions with an increased risk of wildfires. …”
Get full text

Mapping Multiple Insect Outbreaks across Large Regions Annually Using Landsat Time Series Data by Benjamin C. Bright, Andrew T. Hudak, Arjan J.H. Meddens, Joel M. Egan, Carl L. Jorgensen

“…In this study, we map insect-caused tree mortality across three coniferous forests in the Western United States for the years 1984 to 2018. First, we mapped mortality at the tree level using field observations and high-resolution multispectral imagery collected in 2010, 2011, and 2018. …”
Get full text

Forms of Melanoplus bowditchi (Orthoptera: Acrididae) collected from different host plants are indistinguishable genetically and in aedeagal morphology by Muhammad Irfan Ullah, Fatima Mustafa, Kate M. Kneeland, Mathew L. Brust, W. Wyatt Hoback, Shripat T. Kamble, John E. Foster

“…The sagebrush grasshopper, Melanoplus bowditchi Scudder (Orthoptera: Acrididae), is a phytophilous species that is widely distributed in the western United States on sagebrush species. The geographical distribution of M. bowditchi is very similar to the range of its host plants and its feeding association varies in relation to sagebrush distribution. …”
Get full text

Fluvial Flood Losses in the Contiguous United States Under Climate Change by M. M. Rashid, T. Wahl, G. Villarini, A. Sharma

“…Higher probability of high property damage is projected to be clustered in the states across the western and south‐western United States, and parts of the U.S. Northwest and the northern Rockies and Plains. …”
Get full text

FIgLib & SmokeyNet: Dataset and Deep Learning Model for Real-Time Wildland Fire Smoke Detection by Anshuman Dewangan, Yash Pande, Hans-Werner Braun, Frank Vernon, Ismael Perez, Ilkay Altintas, Garrison W. Cottrell, Mai H. Nguyen

“…The size and frequency of wildland fires in the western United States have dramatically increased in recent years. …”
Get full text

Do Vegetation Fuel Reduction Treatments Alter Forest Fire Severity and Carbon Stability in California Forests? by Kristofer L. Daum, Winslow D. Hansen, Jacob Gellman, Andrew J. Plantinga, Charles Jones, Anna T. Trugman

“…Abstract Forest fire frequency, extent, and severity have rapidly increased in recent decades across the western United States (US) due to climate change and suppression‐oriented wildfire management. …”
Get full text

Using conspecific broadcast for Willow Flycatcher restoration by Lynn N. Schofield, Helen L. Loffland, Rodney B. Siegel, Chris J. Stermer, Heather A. Mathewson

“…Willow Flycatcher (Empidonax traillii) populations have been in decline across the western United States for decades. California populations are especially vulnerable with fewer than 500 pairs remaining in the state. …”
Get full text

Rangeland Productivity Partitioned to Sub-Pixel Plant Functional Types by Nathaniel P. Robinson, Matthew O. Jones, Alvaro Moreno, Tyler A. Erickson, David E. Naugle, Brady W. Allred

“…We demonstrated the results of these methods on a set of representative rangeland sites across the western United States. Partitioning rangeland productivity to sub-pixel PFTs revealed new dynamics and insights to aid the sustainable management of rangelands.…”
Get full text