The politics and economics of recovery in colonial Philippines in the aftermath of World War I, 1918-1923 by Ybiernas, Vicente Angel S.

“…The annexation of the Philippines by the United States in the wake of the Spanish American War and subsequently by the Filipino-American War,was justified by President William McKinley amidst vigorous opposition by anti-imperialist groups in the mainland as one of benevolence; the American mission in the Philippines was not of exploitation but of development, civilization, education and self-government.The process of civilization, during the American regime (and at any other time) is vague, to say the least. …”
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Language Planning and Policy Issues in Speeches and Addresses of the United States’ Presidents from 1789 to 1901 by Ayman Al Sharafat

“… This study analyzes language policy and planning (LPP) in the US through presidential communications and speeches during the period from 1789 to 1901, i.e. the period from the George Washington administration ending with the William McKinley administration. The study examines documents of 25 presidents in the target period. …”
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Entre cores e luzes: a Exposição Internacional Pan-Americana de 1901 = Between color and lights: the Pan American International Exhibition in 1901 = Entre colores y luces: la Expos... by Martins, Mônica

“…Sendo recorrentemente lembrada pelo assassinato do presidente William McKinley por um anarquista durante a Exposição, ela representou uma exibição das ideias imperialistas presentes na perspectiva pan-americana, demonstrando também os seus limites. …”
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