Evaluation of Cystatin C as a marker of renal injury following on-pump and off-pump coronary surgery. door Abu-Omar, Y, Mussa, S, Naik, M, MacCarthy, N, Standing, S, Taggart, D

“…Urinary samples were collected concurrently to measure microalbumin and N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, denoting changes in renal glomerular and tubular function respectively. …”

Autocrine and paracrine nitric oxide regulate attachment of human osteoclasts. door Yaroslavskiy, B, Li, Y, Ferguson, D, Kalla, SE, Oakley, J, Blair, H

“…NO donors, S-nitroso-N-acetyl penicillamine (SNAP) or sodium nitroprusside (SNP), downmodulated acid secretion simultaneously with cytoskeletal rearrangement, with alpha(v)beta(3) redistributed to a discontinuous pattern that labeled, on bone substrate, without membrane permeabilization. …”

Olefin metathesis for site-selective protein modification door Lin, YA

“…This CM strategy was applied to histone proteins to install a mimic of acetylated lysine (K9Ac, an epigenetic marker). The resulting synthetic H3 was successfully recognized by antibody that binds natural H3-K9Ac. …”

Peptide anchor residue glycosylation: effect on class I major histocompatibility complex binding and cytotoxic T lymphocyte recognition. door Haurum, J, Tan, L, Arsequell, G, Frodsham, P, Lellouch, A, Moss, P, Dwek, R, Mcmichael, A, Elliott, T

“…Surprisingly, glycosylation of the serine (K2-O-GlcNAc) with N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc), a novel cytosolic O-linked glycosylation, partially restored peptide binding to Db. We argue that the N-acetyl group of GlcNAc may fulfil the hydrogen bonding requirements of the Db pocket which normally accomodates P5-Asn. …”

Liver glycogen phosphorylase is upregulated in glioblastoma and provides a metabolic vulnerability to high dose radiation door Zois, CE, Hendriks, AM, Haider, S, Pires, E, Bridges, E, Kalamida, D, Voukantsis, D, Lagerholm, BC, Fehrmann, RSN, den Dunnen, WFA, Tarasov, AI, Baba, O, Morris, J, Buffa, FM, McCullagh, JSO, Jalving, M, Harris, AL

“…These changes coincided with increased phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase and acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2, slower ATP generation in response to glucose loading and progressive loss of oxidative phosphorylation. …”

O-glycan analysis of natural human neutrophil gelatinase B using a combination of normal phase-HPLC and online tandem mass spectrometry: implications for the domain organization of... door Mattu, T, Royle, L, Langridge, J, Wormald, M, Van den Steen, P, Van Damme, J, Opdenakker, G, Harvey, D, Dwek, R, Rudd, P

“…Most of these contained type 2 core structures with Galbeta1-4GlcNAc (N-acetyl lactosamine) extensions, with or without sialic acid or fucose. …”

Genetic support for a causal role of insulin resistance on circulating branched-chain amino acids and inflammation door Wang, Q, Holmes, M, Davey Smith, G, Ala-Korpela, M

“…<br/><strong>Results: </strong>One-SD genetically elevated IR (equivalent to 55% higher geometric mean of fasting insulin, 0.89 mmol/L higher triglycerides, and 0.46 mmol/L lower HDL cholesterol) was associated with higher concentrations of all branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs)—isoleucine (0.56 SD; 95% CI 0.43, 0.70), leucine (0.42 SD; 95% CI 0.28, 0.55), and valine (0.26 SD; 95% CI 0.12, 0.39)—as well as with higher glycoprotein acetyls (an inflammation marker) (0.47 SD; 95% CI 0.32, 0.62) (P &lt; 0.0003 for each). …”

Extended peptide-based inhibitors efficiently target the proteasome and reveal overlapping specificities of the catalytic beta-subunits. door Kessler, B, Tortorella, D, Altun, M, Kisselev, A, Fiebiger, E, Hekking, BG, Ploegh, H, Overkleeft, H

“…Modification of the most active compound, adamantane-acetyl-(6-aminohexanoyl)(3)-(leucinyl)(3)-vinyl-(methyl)-sulfone (AdaAhx(3)L(3)VS), itself capable of proteasome inhibition in living cells, afforded a new set of radio- and affinity labels. …”

Two-dimensional crystallization of a histidine-tagged protein on monolayers of fluidity-enhanced Ni2+-chelating lipids door Courty, S, Lebeau, L, Martel, L, Lenne, P, Balavoine, F, Dischert, W, Konovalov, O, Mioskowski, C, Legrand, J, Venien-Bryan, C

“…We have investigated the steps of adsorption and 2D crystallization of His-HunR using three different lipids: (i) 2-(bis-carboxymethyl-amino)-6-[2-(1,3-di-O-oleyl-glyceroxy)-acetyl-amino] hexanoic acid nickel- (II) (Ni-NTA-DOGA), which has been previously used, and two specifically designed Ni2+-chelating lipids, (ii) Ni-NTA-BB, which has two branched (B) alkyl chains and (iii) Ni-NTA-BF, a nonsymmetrical lipid with one branched (B) and one fluorinated (F) chain. …”

Studies in the chemistry of glutarimides door Young, R, Young, Robert J.

“…The common precursors in this work were glutarimides attached via C-4 to β-acetyl functions. The corresponding side chain in this work was activated, in a novel manner, by the formation of a stabilized ylid at that centre. …”

Lack of hexose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase impairs lipid mobilization from mouse adipose tissue. door Bujalska, I, Hewitt, K, Hauton, D, Lavery, G, Tomlinson, J, Walker, E, Stewart, P

“…In the fed state, H6PDH/KO mice had reduced adipose tissue mass, but histological examination revealed no difference in average adipocyte size between genotypes. mRNA expression levels of the key lipogenic enzymes, acetyl CoA carboxylase, adiponutrin, and stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase-2, were decreased in H6PDH/KO mice, indicative of impaired lipogenesis. …”

Prebiotic attenuation of olanzapine-induced weight gain in rats: analysis of central and peripheral biomarkers and gut microbiota door Kao, A, Spitzer, S, Anthony, D, Lennox, B, Burnet, P

“…Circulating acetate, IL-1β, IL-8 and TNFα, liver acetyl-CoA Carboxylase (ACC), white adipose tissue (WAT) acetate receptor GPR43, and specific faecal bacteria genera were also measured to provide mechanistic information. …”

The synthesis of enantiomerically pure inositol derivatives: from resolution to enzymatic desymmetrisation door Joffrin, AM

“…D6 4,6-di-O-Benzyl-myo-inositol was desymmetrised using Lipozyme TL-IM®, to provide the corresponding 1D-1-O-acetylated product in 98% yield and >99% e.e. From this intermediate, the synthesis of D₄₁ PtdIns4<em>P</em> (9 steps) and D₆ PtdIns5<em>P</em> (4 steps) was achieved. …”

Neuropeptide Y reduces acetylcholine release and vagal bradycardia via a Y2 receptor-mediated, protein kinase C-dependent pathway. door Herring, N, Lokale, M, Danson, E, Heaton, D, Paterson, D

“…The Y2 receptor was immunofluorescently colocalized with choline acetyl-transferase containing neurons at the guinea pig sinoatrial node. …”

A feedback loop between the androgen receptor and 6-phosphogluoconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) drives prostate cancer growth door Gillis, JL, Hinneh, JA, Ryan, NK, Irani, S, Moldovan, M, Quek, L-E, Shrestha, RK, Hanson, AR, Xie, J, Hoy, AJ, Holst, J, Centenera, MM, Mills, IG, Lynn, DJ, Selth, LA, Butler, LM

“…Targeting of 6PGD was associated with two important tumour-suppressive mechanisms: first, increased activity of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which repressed anabolic growth-promoting pathways regulated by acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1) and mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1); and second, enhanced AR ubiquitylation, associated with a reduction in AR protein levels and activity. …”

In silico tools to aid medicinal chemistry: optimising bromodomain inhibitors door Bluck, J

“…<p>Development of ligands for bromodomains has expanded our understanding of gene regulation and epigenetic links to disease. These acetylated lysine ‘reader’ domains are found within larger macromolecules that are involved in gene transcription and degradation. …”

Genomic organization of mouse and human Bruton's agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase (Btk) loci. door Sideras, P, Müller, S, Shiels, H, Jin, H, Khan, W, Nilsson, L, Parkinson, E, Thomas, J, Brandén, L, Larsson, I

“…These sequences can mediate promoter activity when placed upstream of a promotorless chloramphenicol acetyl transferase reporter gene in an orientation-dependent manner. …”

Endothelial cell responses in terms of adhesion, proliferation, and morphology to stiffness of polydimethylsiloxane elastomer substrates door Ataollahi, F., Pramanik, S., Moradi, A., Dalilottojari, A., Pingguan-Murphy, Belinda, Wan Abas, Wan Abu Bakar, Abu Osman, Noor Azuan

“…The cell adhesion, proliferation, and morphology of cultured bovine aortic endothelial (BAEC) cells on substrate materials were evaluated by using resazurin assay and 1,1-dioctadecyl-1,3,3,3,3-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate-acetylated LDL (Dil-Ac-LDL) cell staining, respectively. …”

Preparation and characterization of zeolite polymer composite proton exchange membrane door Rosdi, A.N., Yee, L.K., Purushothaman, M., Ibrahim, S., Pichiah, S.

“…SPS was synthesized using acetyl sulfate as a sulfonating agent in a reflux condenser under nitrogen atmosphere. …”

IGA binding lectins isolated from distinct artocarpus species demonstrate differential specificity door Hashim, Onn Haji, Ng, C.L., Gendeh, G.S., Jaafar, M.I.N.

“…The binding of these lectins with IgA was pronouncely inhibited in the presence of p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside, 1-o-methyl-alpha-D-galactopyranoside, D-melibiose, N-acetyl-D-galactosamine and D-galactose. The data therefore provide evidence on the differential specificity of IgA binding lectins isolated from seeds of similar as well as distinct Artocarpus species.…”