Effects of cereal breakfasts on postprandial glucose, appetite regulation and voluntary energy intake at a subsequent standardized lunch; focusing on rye products by Björck Inger ME, Östman Elin M, Rosén Liza AH

“…Plasma concentrations of glucose, ghrelin, serum insulin, free fatty acids, adiponectin, breath hydrogen excretion (H₂), and subjective satiety was evaluated during the postprandial phase. 270 min after the breakfast, an ad lib lunch buffet was served and the voluntary energy intake (EI) was registered.…”
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Central nervous system neuropeptide Y regulates mediators of hepatic phospholipid remodeling and very low-density lipoprotein triglyceride secretion via sympathetic innervation by Jennifer M. Rojas, Eveline Bruinstroop, Richard L. Printz, Aldijana Alijagic-Boers, Ewout Foppen, Maxine K. Turney, Leena George, Annette G. Beck-Sickinger, Andries Kalsbeek, Kevin D. Niswender

“…Methods: Chow-fed Zucker fatty (ZF) rats were pair-fed by matching their caloric intake to that of lean controls and effects on body weight, plasma TG, and liver content of TG and phospholipid (PL) were compared to ad-libitum (ad-lib) fed ZF rats. Additionally, lean 4-h fasted rats with intact or disrupted hepatic sympathetic innervation were treated with icv NPY or NPY Y1 receptor agonist to identify novel hepatic mechanisms by which NPY promotes VLDL particle maturation and secretion. …”
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Extending varenicline preloading to 6 weeks facilitates smoking cessation: A single-site, randomised controlled trial by Abraham Bohadana, Yossi Freier-Dror, Vardit Peles, Polina Babai, Gabriel Izbicki

“…Interpretation: Extended preloading reduced ad lib smoking, enhanced cessation rates at 3 and 6 months, and decreased pre- and post-quit rewards and smoking drive in a pattern compatible with a reinforcement-reduction mechanism. …”
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Central Nervous System Actions of Leptin Improve Cardiac Function After Ischemia–Reperfusion: Roles of Sympathetic Innervation and Sex Differences by Ana C. M. Omoto, Jussara M. do Carmo, Benjamin Nelson, Nikaela Aitken, Xuemei Dai, Sydney Moak, Elizabeth Flynn, Zhen Wang, Alan J. Mouton, Xuan Li, John E. Hall, Alexandre A. da Silva

“…Intracerebroventricular leptin infusion reduced infarct size in females, but not males, when compared with ad‐lib fed or pair‐fed saline‐treated rats. Intracerebroventricular leptin treatment also increased cardiac NAD+/NADH content (≈10‐fold) and improved mitochondrial function when compared with vehicle treatment. …”
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Effect of quercetin on steroidogenesis and folliculogenesis in ovary of mice with experimentally-induced polycystic ovarian syndrome by Mohd Zahoor ul haq Shah, Vinoy kumar Shrivastva, Manzoor Ahmad Mir, Wajid Mohammad Sheikh, Mohd Ashraf Ganie, Gulzar Ahmed Rather, Majid Shafi, Showkeen Muzamil Bashir, Mohammad Azam Ansari, Meneerah A. Al-Jafary, Mohammad H. Al-Qahtani, Abdalelgadir Musa Homeida, Ebtesam A. Al-Suhaimi

“…Apart from fundamental metabolic problems connected to PCOS, focus of our study is on the role of quercetin on genes relevant to steroidogenesis and folliculogenesis.MethodsEighteen mature parkes strain mice (4-5 weeks old) weighing 18–21 g were randomly divided into three groups of six each as follows: Group I serves as the control and was given water and a regular chow diet ad lib for 66 days; group II was given oral gavage administration of letrozole (LETZ) (6 mg/kg bw) for 21 days to induce PCOS and was left untreated for 45 days; For three weeks, Group III received oral gavage dose of LETZ (6 mg/kg), after which it received Quercetin (QUER) (125 mg/kg bw orally daily) for 45 days.ResultsIn our study we observed that mice with PCOS had irregular estrous cycle with increased LH/FSH ratio, decreased estrogen level and decline in expression of Kitl, Bmp1, Cyp11a1, Cyp19a1, Ar, lhr, Fshr and Esr1 in ovary. …”
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Different doses, durations and modes of delivery of nicotine replacement therapy for smoking cessation (Review) by Lindson, N, Chepkin, S, Ye, W, Fanshawe, T, Bullen, C, Hartmann-Boyce, J

“…We found no evidence of an effect of duration of nicotine patch use (low‐certainty evidence); 16‐hour versus 24‐hour daily patch use; duration of combination NRT use (low‐ and very low‐certainty evidence); tapering of patch dose versus abrupt patch cessation; fast‐acting NRT type (very low‐certainty evidence); duration of nicotine gum use; ad lib versus fixed dosing of fast‐acting NRT; free versus purchased NRT; length of provision of free NRT; ceasing versus continuing patch use on lapse; and participant‐ versus clinician‐selected NRT. …”