Identification of a new chemical class of antimalarials by Bozdech, Zbynek, Brunner, Ralf, Aissaoui, Hamed, Brun, Reto, Corminboeuf, Olivier, Delahaye, Stephane, Fischli, Christoph, Boss, Christoph, Heidmann, Bibia, Kaiser, Marcel, Kamber, Jolanda, Meyer, Solange, Papastogiannidis, Petros, Siegrist, Romain, Voss, Till, Welford, Richard, Wittlin, Sergio, Binkert, Christoph

“…Like the clinically used artemisinins, the compound equally and very rapidly affects all 3 asexual erythrocytic parasite stages. …”
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P25 Etude de stabilité d’infusettes à base des feuilles et tiges de Artemisia annua L. (Asteraceae) dans différents conditionnements by H Hermine Gani Zime Diawara, Togalem Florentin Yoda, Josias B G Yameogo, Charles B Sombié, Rasmané Semdé

“…Les paramètres contrôlés étaient certains caractères organoleptiques, l’identification et le dosage de l’artémisinine et de la quercétine. Résultats : La poudre de granulométrie 0,12 mm, ayant permis d’obtenir une teneur en artémisinine de 0,33% été retenue pour la confection des infusettes. …”
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C35 - Formulation et fabrication des suppositoires antipaludiques d’Artémisia annua d’Ouest Cameroun en utilisant le beurre de karité comme excipient by Lionel Tematio Nague, Emmanuel Mpondo Mpondo, Emmanuel Nnanga Nga, J. S. N. Foumane Maniepi, V. Soppo Lobe, J. A. Metogo Ntsama, A. Minyem, F.C. Mbenga Mekoulou, F. Ngolsou, J. Nko’o, P. Obono, M. Nyangono Ndongo, J. Ze Minkande

“…Compte tenu des caractéristiques de la substance active (artemisinine), le beurre de karité additionné de 4% de silice colloïdale anhydre a été utilisé comme excipient. …”
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P24 Formulation et fabrication des suppositoires antipaludiques d’Artémisia annua d’Ouest Cameroun en utilisant le beurre de karité comme excipient by Lionel Tematio Nague, Emmanuel Mpondo Mpondo, Emmanuel Nnanga Nga, J S N Foumane Maniepi, V Soppo Lobe, J A Metego Ntsama, A Minyem, F C Mbenga Mekoulou, F Ngolsou, J Nko'O, P Obono, M Nyangono Ndongo, J Ze Minkande

“…Compte tenu des caractéristiques de la substance active (artemisinine), le beurre de karité additionné de 4% de silice colloïdale anhydre a été utilisé comme excipient. …”
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Sequential open-label study of the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetic interactions between dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine and mefloquine in healthy Thai adults by Hanboonkunupakarn, B, Van Der Pluijm, R, Hoglund, R, Pukrittayakamee, S, Winterberg, M, Mukaka, M, Waithira, N, Chotivanich, K, Singhasivanon, P, White, N, Dondorp, A, Tarning, J, Jittamala, P

“…Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) have contributed substantially to the global decline in Plasmodium falciparum morbidity and mortality, but resistance to artemisinins and their partner drugs is increasing in Southeast Asia, threatening malaria control. …”

Cerebral malaria. by Warrell, D

“…The most important element of treatment is early, optimal chemotherapy with quinine, but artemisinine derivatives may prove even more effective.…”

Suppressive effects of the anti-oxidant N-acetylcysteine on the anti-malarial activity of artesunate. by Arreesrisom, P, Dondorp, A, Looareesuwan, S, Udomsangpetch, R

“…However, this might inhibit the anti-malarial drug action of the artemisinins, which are thought to exert their parasitocidal action through oxidative damage. …”

Rapid coma resolution with artemether in Malawian children with cerebral malaria. by Taylor, T, Wills, B, Kazembe, P, Chisale, M, Wirima, J, Ratsma, E, Molyneux, M

“…Artemisinin compounds clear parasitaemia more rapidly than other drugs do in both mild and severe malaria, but no advantage in clinical efficacy has been shown. …”

Mode of action and features of antimalarial drugs by Nosten, F, White, N

“…The main drugs and their combinations are reviewed (quinine, chloroquine, sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, biguanides, mefloquine, halofantrine, artemisinine-based drugs), taking into account these pharmacological concepts.…”

Reflections on the 'discovery' of the anti-malarial qinghao by Hsu, E

“…Artemisinin, qinghaosu, was extracted from the traditional Chinese medical drug qinghao (the blue-green herb) in the early 1970s. …”

Repurposing drugs for the treatment and control of helminth infections by Gordana Panic, Urs Duthaler, Benjamin Speich, Jennifer Keiser

“…The most clinically advanced drug candidates include the artemisinins and mefloquine against schistosomiasis, tribendimidine against liver flukes, oxantel pamoate against trichuriasis, and doxycycline against filariasis. …”
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Pharmacokinetic determinants of the window of selection for antimalarial drug resistance. by Stepniewska, K, White, N

“…Drugs with elimination half-lives of less than 1 day, such as the artemisinins and quinine, do not select for resistance during the elimination phase.…”

Intrahost selection of Plasmodium falciparum pfmdr1 alleles after antimalarial treatment on the northwestern border of Thailand. by Uhlemann, A, Mcgready, R, Ashley, E, Brockman, A, Singhasivanon, P, Krishna, S, White, N, Nosten, F, Price, R

“…Among infections that recrudesced after mefloquine-containing regimens, increases in pfmdr1 copy number occurred in 68% (95% confidence interval [CI], 46%-85%), and decreases occurred in 2% (95% CI, 0.4%-11%) of isolates; corresponding proportions after artemether-lumefantrine were 25% (2/8) and 11% (2/19); after quinine, 50% (1/2) and 40% (4/10); and after artemisinins alone, 0% (0/10) and 19% (3/16) of isolates (overall P<.001). …”

Antineoplastic Drug Synergy of Artesunate with Navitoclax in Models of High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer by J. Robert McCorkle, Rebecca Ahn, Connie D. Cao, Kristen S. Hill, Charles S. Dietrich, Jill M. Kolesar

“…Artesunate belongs to a class of medications derived from the sweet wormwood plant (<i>Artemisia annua</i>) known as artemisinins. Artesunate has traditionally been used as a frontline treatment for severe malaria but has also demonstrated antineoplastic activity against various malignancies, including ovarian cancer. …”
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A novel flow cytometric hemozoin detection assay for real-time sensitivity testing of Plasmodium falciparum. by Maria Rebelo, Claudia Sousa, Howard M Shapiro, Maria M Mota, Martin P Grobusch, Thomas Hänscheid

“…Resistance of Plasmodium falciparum to almost all antimalarial drugs, including the first-line treatment with artemisinins, has been described, representing an obvious threat to malaria control. …”
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Pharmacological Modulators of Autophagy as a Potential Strategy for the Treatment of COVID-19 by Gustavo José da Silva Pereira, Anderson Henrique França Figueredo Leão, Adolfo Garcia Erustes, Ingrid Beatriz de Melo Morais, Talita Aparecida de Moraes Vrechi, Lucas dos Santos Zamarioli, Cássia Arruda Souza Pereira, Laís de Oliveira Marchioro, Letícia Paulino Sperandio, Ísis Valeska Freire Lins, Mauro Piacentini, Gian Maria Fimia, Patrícia Reckziegel, Soraya Soubhi Smaili, Claudia Bincoletto

“…Among them, we mention (1) lysosomotropic agents, which can prevent CoVs infection by alkalinizing the acid pH in the endolysosomal system, such as chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, artemisinins, two-pore channel modulators and imatinib; (2) protease inhibitors that can inhibit the proteolytic cleavage of the spike CoVs protein, which is necessary for viral entry into host cells, such as camostat mesylate, lopinavir, umifenovir and teicoplanin and (3) modulators of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways, such as rapamycin, heparin, glucocorticoids, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (IECAs) and cannabidiol. …”
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<i>In Silico</i> and <i>In Vitro</i> Antimalarial Screening and Validation Targeting <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> Plasmepsin V by Xin Ji, Zhensheng Wang, Qianqian Chen, Jingzhong Li, Heng Wang, Zenglei Wang, Lan Yang

“…Malaria chemotherapy is greatly threatened by the recent emergence and spread of resistance in the <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> parasite against artemisinins and their partner drugs. Therefore, it is an urgent priority to develop new antimalarials. …”
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Generation of quinolone antimalarials targeting the Plasmodium falciparum mitochondrial respiratory chain for the treatment and prophylaxis of malaria. by Biagini, G, Fisher, N, Shone, A, Mubaraki, M, Srivastava, A, Hill, A, Antoine, T, Warman, A, Davies, J, Pidathala, C, Amewu, R, Leung, S, Sharma, R, Gibbons, P, Hong, D, Pacorel, B, Lawrenson, A, Charoensutthivarakul, S, Taylor, L, Berger, O, Mbekeani, A, Stocks, P, Nixon, G, Chadwick, J, Hemingway, J

“…Parasite resistance to all existing antimalarial classes, including the artemisinins, has been reported during their clinical use. …”

Recognition, Perceptions and Treatment Practices for Severe Malaria in Rural Tanzania: Implications for Accessing Rectal Artesunate as a Pre-Referral by Warsame, M, Kimbute, O, Machinda, Z, Ruddy, P, Melkisedick, M, Peto, T, Ribeiro, I, Kitua, A, Tomson, G, Gomes, M

“…An effective health education targeting parents/guardians, decision-makers/advisors, and formal and informal care providers might be a prerequisite for successful introduction of rectal artemisinins as an emergency treatment. Role of traditional healers in delivering such medication to the community should be explored.…”

An aptamer-based sensor for the detection of antimalarial drugs by Coonahan, E

“…Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) have begun to fail as first-line therapies for the treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Southeast Asia. …”