Carbon nanotubes buckypaper radiation studies for medical physics applications by Alanazi, A., Alkhorayef, M., Alzimami, K., Jurewicz, I., Abuhadi, N., Dalton, A., Bradley, D.A.

“…In such circumstance, dosimeters with atomic number similar to human tissue are needed. Carbon nanotubes have properties that potentially meet the demand, requiring low voltage in active devices and an atomic number similar to adipose tissue. …”

قياس الطاقة الضوئية الممتصة بوساطة بعض المعادن وعلاقتها بالعدد الذري Z لهذه المعادن by هيثم جبيلي, برهان دالاتي, أكرم حاتم

“…We have also studied the relationship between the absorbance and the atomic number of the studied metals. This study showed that the absorbed energy by these metals increase with their atomic number Z. …”
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قياس الطاقة الضوئية الممتصة بوساطة بعض المعادن وعلاقتها بالعدد الذري Z لهذه المعادن by هيثم جبيلي, برهان دالاتي, أكرم حاتم

“…We have also studied the relationship between the absorbance and the atomic number of the studied metals. This study showed that the absorbed energy by these metals increase with their atomic number Z. …”
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The origin of visible light absorption in chalcogen element (S, Se, and Te)-doped anatase TiO2 photocatalysts by Dong, Zhili, Xu, Rong, Zheng, Jianwei, Bhattcahrayya, Atreyee, Wu, Ping, Chen, Zhong, Highfield, James

“…The effect increases with increasing atomic number of the chalcogen element. Dopant pairing is found in anionic S-, Se-, and Te- and cationic S-doped TiO2. …”
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Reactive Sulfur Species (RSS) in Physiological and Pathological Conditions and in Therapy by Anna Bilska-Wilkosz, Małgorzata Iciek

“…Sulfur is a multivalent and nonmetallic chemical element with the symbol S and the atomic number 16 [...]…”
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Energy Dependence of Measured CT Numbers on Substituted Materials Used for CT Number Calibration of Radiotherapy Treatment Planning Systems. by Reza Mahmoudi, Nasrollah Jabbari, Mehdi Aghdasi, Hamid Reza Khalkhali

“…It was also found that the maximum absolute percentage difference between all of the calculated doses from each photon beam of linac (6 and 15 MV) at three kVp's was less than 1.2%.The present study revealed that, for the materials with effective low atomic number, the mean CT number increased with increasing energy, which was opposite for the materials with an effective high atomic number. …”
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Material Discriminated X-Ray CT System by Using New X-Ray Imager with Energy Discriminate Function by Toru Aoki, Takuya Nakashima, Hisashi Morii, Yoichiro Neo, Hidenori Mimura

“…We will be able to obtain more high separation in atomic number mapping in X-ray CT reconstructed image by using this system.…”
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Effects of Power Terms and Thermodynamics on the Contraction of Pinch Radius in Plasma Focus Devices Using the Lee Model by Akel, M., Ismael, S., Lee, S., Saw, S.H., Kunze, H.J.

“…The radiation enhancement of compression increases with the atomic number of the gas.…”

Hazardous radiation protective glasses for medical and research laboratories by R. Ruamnikhom, R. Rajaramakrishna, W. Chaiphaksa, W. Cheewasukhanont, N. Intachai, S. Kothan, J. Kaewkhao

“…Radiation shielding parameters like mass attenuation co-efficient, effective atomic number, effective electron density, equivalent atomic number, lead equivalent thickness, half value layer, tenth value layer, Geometric-Progression fitting parameters like (b, c, a, XK, and d), γ-ray build-up factor, and exposure build-up factor have all been evaluated. …”
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Optimization of Plastic Scintillator for Detection of Gamma-Rays: Simulation and Experimental Study by Sujung Min, Youngsu Kim, Kwang-Hoon Ko, Bumkyung Seo, JaeHak Cheong, Changhyun Roh, Sangbum Hong

“…The results of this study can be used as basic data for optimizing the thickness of plastic scintillators using high atomic number elements for radiation detection and monitoring.…”
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Metallic nanoparticles for CT-guided imaging of tumors and their therapeutic applications by Deepak Gupta, Indrajit Roy, Sona Gandhi

“…Besides iodine, today radiologists are interested in high atomic number NPs like gold, tantalum, bismuth, silver, etc. …”
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First report of the quality assurance of a dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) system: a phantom study by Low, Reece Cin

“…Results show that the HU and effective atomic number measurements obtained using the system were generally accurate. …”
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Correlative full field X-ray compton scattering imaging and X-ray computed tomography for in situ observation of Li ion batteries by Leung, CLA, Wilson, MD, Connolley, T, Collins, SP, Magdysyuk, OV, Boone, MN, Suzuki, K, Veale, MC, Liotti, E, Van Assche, F, Lui, A, Huang, C

“…It remains challenging to visualize and quantify the low atomic number Li⁺ chemical stoichiometry distribution inside the electrode within commercially standard battery geometry, e.g.…”

Stuctural, optical and radiation shielding properties of zinc boro-tellurite alumina glasses by Kaky, Kawa M., Sayyed, M. I., Laariedh, F., Abdalsalam, Alyaa H., Tekin, Huseyin Ozan, Baki, S. O.

“…No significant difference between the theoretical and simulation μ/ρ values was found. The effective atomic number results indiacte that as the TeO₂ content increases, the photons’ attenuation increases. …”
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Potential Energy Expectation Value for Lithium Excited State (1s2s3s) by Baghdad Science Journal

“…) for lithium excited state (1s2s3s) and Li- like ions (Be+,B+2) using Hartree-Fock wave function by partitioning techanique .The result of inter particle expectation value shows linear behaviour with atomic number and for each atom and ion the shows the trend ??? …”
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How efficient are metal‐polymer and dual‐metals‐polymer non‐lead radiation shields? by Zaker Salehi, Mansour Tayebi Khorami

“…Conclusion Combination of two metals‐PVC, a low atomic number (Z) metal together with a high atomic number metal, and also single‐metal‐PVC shields were shown to be efficient enough to apply as radiation protection shields instead of lead‐based garments.…”
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Deformation Behavior of Foam Laser Targets Fabricated by Two-Photon Polymerization by Ying Liu, John H. Campbell, Ori Stein, Lijia Jiang, Jared Hund, Yongfeng Lu

“…Of particular interest is the use of 2PP to deterministically print millimeter-scale, low-density, and low atomic number (CHO) polymer matrices (“foams”). …”
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Application of Lead Substitute Shielding Materials for X and Gamma-Rays Attenuation in Diagnostic Radiology: A Review Article by Arash Safari, Seyed Mohammad Javad Mortazavi, Pouya Saraei

“…Lead is the most widely used material for radiation protection in diagnostic radiology because its ability to attenuate x-rays is superior to other materials due to its high atomic number, high density, and its higher economic affordability. …”
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Impact of micro/nano cadmium oxide on shielding properties of cement–ball clay matrix by Mona M. Gouda, Mahmoud I. Abbas, Malak H. Eid, Mohamed S. Ziedan, Moaaz A. Ibrahim, Mohamed M. Tawfik, Ahmed M. El-Khatib

“…The composites' half-value layer (HVL), tenth value layer (TVL), mean free path (MFP), effective atomic number (Zeff), equivalent atomic number (Zeq), and absorption buildup factor (EABF) were determined. …”
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Effect of Aging Treatment on the Strength and Microstructure of 7075-Based Alloys Containing 2% Li and/or 0.12% Sc by Ali Tahmasbi, Agnes M. Samuel, Yasser Zedan, Victor Songmene, Fawzy H. Samuel

“…The change in the brightness from layer to layer indicates that the Zr and Sc concentrations are varied within the star phase, since the atomic number of Zr (40) is higher than the atomic number of Sc (21). …”
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