Effect of the new photoatomic data library EPDL2017 to mass attenuation coefficient calculation of materials used in the nuclear medicine facilities using EpiXS software by J.F.M. Jecong, F.C. Hila, C.V. Balderas, N.R.D. Guillermo

“…Also, it would seem that the changes in MACs were more evident in the materials composed of high atomic number elements evaluated at x-ray energies compared to materials composed of low atomic number elements evaluated at gamma-ray energies.…”
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Using a superconducting cyclotron to detect special nuclear material through multiple monoenergetic gamma radiography and o-axis photon scattering/ by Nelson, Roberts Grafton.

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From rice husk to transparent radiation protection material / Iskandar Shahrim Mustafa... [et al.] by Mustafa, Iskandar Shahrim, Razali, Nur Ain Nabilah, Ibrahim, Abdul Razak, Yahaya, Nor Zakiah, Kamari, Halimah Mohamed

“…The increment is due to larger atomic number of Bi3+ compared to the Si2+, B3+ and Zn in the glass samples. …”
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The radiation shielding offered by the commercial glass installed in Bangladeshi dwellings by Yasmin, Sabina, Zahariman, Siti Rozaila, Khandaker, Mayeen Uddin, Barua, Bijoy Sonker, Chowdhury, Faruque-Uz-Zaman, Rashid, Md. Abdur, Bradley, David Andrew

“…Concerning potential retrospective dosimetry the effective atomic number of the glass samples are comparable with that of the commercial thermoluminescence (TL) dosimeter TLD-200. …”

Monte Carlo Simulation for Bremsstrahlung Buildup Factor Produced by Absorption of Y-91 Beta Rays by Mazin M. Elias

“…A single relation between the bremsstrahlung buildup factor BBUF with both the atomic number Z and thickness X of the shielding material has been suggested. …”
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Nanotomography for understanding materials degradation by Hashimoto, T, Zhou, X, Luo, C, Kawano, K, Thompson, G, Hughes, A, Skeldon, P, Withers, P, Marrow, T, Sherry, A

“…The combination of ultramicrotomy and low-voltage scanning electron microscopy, with selective detection of backscattered electrons, significantly improved depth and lateral resolutions and atomic number contrast (Z-contrast) sensitivity, enabling high-resolution tomography of localized corrosion. …”

Radiation shielding performance of metal oxides/EPDM rubber composites using Geant4 simulation and computational study by Mahmoud T. Alabsy, Mohamed Abd Elzaher

“…Based on μ/ρ values, other significant shielding parameters such as effective atomic number (Zeff), effective electron density (Neff), equivalent atomic number (Zeq), and exposure buildup factor (EBF) were also computed to explore the potential usage of the proposed metal oxide/EPDM rubber composites as radiation protective materials. …”
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Convolutional Neural Network Algorithm for Material Discrimination in Muon Scattering Tomography by GAO Chunyu;TANG Xiuzhang;CHEN Xinnan;FAN Chengjun;CHEN Yannan;LI Yupeng;LYU Jianyou

“…Multiple Coulomb scattering occurs when muons pass through materials, and the scattering angle distribution is related to the atomic number of the material. In practical applications, such as container or cargo material smuggling detection and other scenes requiring timeliness, sometimes it is not necessary to get accurate reconstruction images, but only need to realize the discrimination of high atomic number materials in a relatively short time, and give an alarm. …”
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Attenuation properties of poly methyl methacrylate reinforced with micro/nano ZrO2 as gamma-ray shields by Mahmoud T. Alabsy, Mahmoud I. Abbas, Alaa Y. El-khatib, Ahmed M. El-Khatib

“…Different shielding parameters were estimated at a broad range of photon energies, including the linear attenuation coefficient (μ), tenth value layer (TVL), half value layer (HVL), mean free path (MFP), effective electron density (Neff), effective atomic number (Zeff), and equivalent atomic number (Zeq), as well as exposure buildup factor (EBF) and energy absorption buildup factor (EABF) to provide more shielding information about the penetration of γ-rays into the chosen composites. …”
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X-ray Absorption (XRA): A New Technique for the Characterization of Granular Activated Carbons by Jeamichel Puente Torres, Harold Crespo Sariol, Thayset Mariño Peacok, Jan Yperman, Peter Adriaensens, Robert Carleer, Ángel Brito Sauvanell

“…Probabilistic models prove that XRA results are within relationships between effective atomic number and photonic interaction probability, reinforcing the potentialities of XRA for monitoring (multi-)ion and/or molecule combinations on GAC using advanced digital image processing techniques. …”
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The Characteristics and Its Potential Application Value of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma with Single-source Dual Energy Spectral CT Imaging by Jing ZHANG, Ting ZHANG, Honglei LI, Xiaoyan CHEN, Weixia LI, Rongbiao TANG, Zilai PAN, Kemin CHEN, Yulian BU, Weihuan FANG, Xiaozhu LIN, Fuhua YAN

“…Single energy CT value, Effective atomic number (Effective-Z), iodine (water) base value and water (iodine) base value of pancreatic cancer lesions and pancreatic parenchyma were recorded. …”
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Enhancing the Gamma-Radiation-Shielding Properties of Gypsum–Lime–Waste Marble Mortars by Incorporating Micro- and Nano-PbO Particles by Mahmoud T. Alabsy, Mona M. Gouda, Mahmoud I. Abbas, Shoaa Mofleh Al-Balawi, Ahmed M. El-Khatib

“…On the basis of μ_m values, other significant shielding parameters such as effective atomic number (Z_eff), effective electron density (N_eff), equivalent atomic number (Z_eq), and exposure buildup factor (EBF) were also computed to explore the potential usage of the proposed mortars as radiation protective materials. …”
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Transition Metal Borides for All-in-One Radiation Shielding by Celal Avcıoğlu, Suna Avcıoğlu

“…The results revealed that borides of transition metals with a high atomic number, such as Re, W, and Ta, possess outstanding gamma shielding performance. …”
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The Potentials of Egyptian and Indian Granites for Protection of Ionizing Radiation by Mohamed Elsafi, M. F. Alrashedi, M. I. Sayyed, Ibrahim F. Al-Hamarneh, M. A. El-Nahal, Mostafa El-Khatib, Mayeen Uddin Khandaker, Hamid Osman, Ahmad El Askary

“…As well as the equivalent atomic number (Z_eq) was calculated in a wide range of energy to deduce the exposure (EBF) and energy absorption (EABF) buildup factors for the studied granite materials. …”
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Studying the absorption of light rays by using some of Zinc alloys by هيثم جبيلي, جهاد ملحم, تغريد ضاهر

“…We have also studied the relationship between the absorbance and the atomic number of the studied alloys. This study showed that the absorbed energy by these metals increase with their atomic laboratory number Z.   …”
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ANALYSIS OF DEFECTS IN BULK SEMICONDUCTORS USING ELECTRON CHANNELING CONTRAST IMAGING by Czernuszka, J, Long, N, Hirsch, P

“…The precipitates have been imaged using strain contrast and atomic number contrast.…”

Studying the absorption of light rays by using some of Zinc alloys by Haisam Jbeli, Jehad Molhem, Taghred Daher

“…We have also studied the relationship between the absorbance and the atomic number of the studied alloys. This study showed that the absorbed energy by these metals increase with their atomic laboratory number Z.   …”
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Accretion of the Earth and segregation of its core. by Wood, B, Walter, M, Wade, J

“…The high-pressure nature of the core-forming process led to the Earth's core being richer in low-atomic-number elements, notably silicon and possibly oxygen, than the cores of the smaller planetesimal building blocks.…”

Z-contrast Imaging in an Aberration-corrected Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope. by Pennycook, S, Rafferty, B, Nellist, P

“…We present an analytical channeling model for the thickness dependence of the Z-contrast image in a zone-axis crystal, and show that, at large thicknesses, columnar intensities become proportional to the mean square atomic number, Z(2).…”

Evaluation of Radiation Shielding Features of Co and Ni-Based Superalloys Using MCNP-5 Code: Potential Use in Nuclear Safety by M. I. Sayyed, Faras Q. Mohammed, K. A. Mahmoud, Eloic Lacomme, Kawa M. Kaky, Mayeen Uddin Khandaker, Mohammad Rashed Iqbal Faruque

“…Use was made of a recently developed online program Phy-X/PD to calculate the effective atomic number, equivalent atomic number, and the buildup factors for the alloys of interest. …”
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