Pathogenic mechanisms and regulatory factors involved in alcoholic liver disease by Chuyun Yan, Wanting Hu, Jinqi Tu, Jinyao Li, Qionglin Liang, Shuxin Han

“…For example, ethanol damages the intestinal barrier, resulting in the release of endotoxins and alterations in intestinal flora content and bile acid metabolism. However, ALD therapies show low effectiveness. …”
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Maternal inulin supplementation ameliorates prenatal methamphetamine exposure-induced hepatotoxicity and restores gut microbiota in mouse offspring by Jia-Hao Li, Jia-Li Liu, Xiu-Wen Li, Yi Liu, Jian-Zheng Yang, Hong-Sheng Ma, Li-Jian Chen, Kai-Kai Zhang, Xiao-Li Xie, Qi Wang

“…Furthermore, it impairs the antioxidant system and induces oxidative stress, possibly due to changes in cecal microbiota and dysregulation of bile acid homeostasis. However, maternal inulin supplementation appears to restore the gut microbiota in offspring and mitigate the hepatotoxic effects induced by prenatal METH exposure. …”
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A human iPSC-derived hepatocyte screen identifies compounds that inhibit production of Apolipoprotein B by Jui-Tung Liu, Caren Doueiry, Yu-lin Jiang, Josef Blaszkiewicz, Mary Paige Lamprecht, James A. Heslop, Yuri K. Peterson, Juliana Debrito Carten, Paula Traktman, Yang Yuan, Salman R. Khetani, Waleed O. Twal, Stephen A. Duncan

“…Abstract Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) patients suffer from excessively high levels of Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C), which can cause severe cardiovascular disease. Statins, bile acid sequestrants, PCSK9 inhibitors, and cholesterol absorption inhibitors are all inefficient at treating FH patients with homozygous LDLR gene mutations (hoFH). …”
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Genotype-phenotype relationships of truncating mutations, p.E297G and p.D482G in bile salt export pump deficiency by Antonia Felzen, Daan B.E. van Wessel, Emmanuel Gonzales, Richard J. Thompson, Irena Jankowska, Benjamin L. Shneider, Etienne Sokal, Tassos Grammatikopoulos, Agustina Kadaristiana, Emmanuel Jacquemin, Anne Spraul, Patryk Lipiński, Piotr Czubkowski, Nathalie Rock, Mohammad Shagrani, Dieter Broering, Emanuele Nicastro, Deirdre Kelly, Gabriella Nebbia, Henrik Arnell, Björn Fischler, Jan B.F. Hulscher, Daniele Serranti, Cigdem Arikan, Esra Polat, Dominique Debray, Florence Lacaille, Cristina Goncalves, Loreto Hierro, Gema Muñoz Bartolo, Yael Mozer-Glassberg, Amer Azaz, Jernej Brecelj, Antal Dezsőfi, Pier Luigi Calvo, Enke Grabhorn, Steffen Hartleif, Wendy J. van der Woerd, Binita M. Kamath, Jian-She Wang, Liting Li, Özlem Durmaz, Nanda Kerkar, Marianne Hørby Jørgensen, Ryan Fischer, Carolina Jimenez-Rivera, Seema Alam, Mara Cananzi, Noemie Laverdure, Cristina Targa Ferreira, Felipe Ordoñez Guerrero, Heng Wang, Valerie Sency, Kyung Mo Kim, Huey-Ling Chen, Elisa de Carvalho, Alexandre Fabre, Jesus Quintero Bernabeu, Aglaia Zellos, Estella M. Alonso, Ronald J. Sokol, Frederick J. Suchy, Kathleen M. Loomes, Patrick J. McKiernan, Philip Rosenthal, Yumirle Turmelle, Simon Horslen, Kathleen Schwarz, Jorge A. Bezerra, Kasper Wang, Bettina E. Hansen, Henkjan J. Verkade

“…They do not respond to biliary diversion surgery and will likely not respond to the new IBAT (ileal bile acid transporter) inhibitors, which have recently been approved for use in BSEP deficiency.…”
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The protective effects of Levilactobacillus brevis FZU0713 on lipid metabolism and intestinal microbiota in hyperlipidemic rats by Xiaoyun Fan, Qing Zhang, Weiling Guo, Qi Wu, Jinpeng Hu, Wenjian Cheng, Xucong Lü, Pingfan Rao, Li Ni, Youting Chen, Lijiao Chen

“…Additionally, oral administration of L. brevis FZU0713 significantly regulated the mRNA levels of liver genes (including Acat2, Acox1, Hmgcr, Cd36, Srebp-1c and Cyp7a1) involved in lipid metabolism and bile acid homeostasis. In conclusion, our findings provide the evidence that L. brevis FZU0713 has the potential to improve disturbance of lipid metabolism by regulating intestinal microflora and liver metabonomic profile. …”
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Deletion of hepatic small heterodimer partner ameliorates development of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in mice by Yoon-Kwang Lee, Jung Eun Park, Mikang Lee, Ryan Mifflin, Yang Xu, Robert Novak, Yanqiao Zhang, James P. Hardwick

“…Small heterodimer partner (SHP, Nr0b2) is an orphan nuclear receptor that regulates bile acid, lipid, and glucose metabolism. Shp−/− mice are resistant to diet-induced obesity and hepatic steatosis. …”
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A Systematic Review of Molecular Pathway Analysis of Drugs for Potential Use in Liver Cancer Treatment by Ruchi Jakhmola Mani, Mridul Anand, Kritie Agarwal, Avi Tiwari, Qazi Amanur Rahman Hashmi, Tumul Vikram Singh, Potshangbam Nongdam, Deepshikha Pande Katare, Angamba Meetei Potshangabam

“…Molecular pathways such as Bile acid receptor activity, Inosine-5′-monophosphate (IMP) dehydrogenase activity, JUN kinase activity, Nitric-oxide synthase activity, and Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase activity were observed to be influenced by these drugs. …”
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Chaihu Shugan prevents cholesterol gallstone formation by ameliorating the microbiota dysbiosis and metabolic disturbance in mice by Wei Wang, Kun Zhang, Bin Liu, Tong Zhou, Yu Tang, Yuliang Li

“…A network pharmacology analysis of Chaihu Shugan revealed that obacunone may be the key active metabolite in regulating bile acid metabolism. Multi-omics and correlation analyses elucidated the interplay between gut microbiota, metabolism, and gene alterations in the dose-dependent effect of Chaihu Shugan.Conclusion: Our data show that Chaihu Shugan can prevent CGS and indicate its mechanisms of action.…”
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Peroxisomal ABC Transporters: An Update by Ali Tawbeh, Catherine Gondcaille, Doriane Trompier, Stéphane Savary

“…The defects of ABCD1 and ABCD3 are responsible for two genetic disorders called X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy and congenital bile acid synthesis defect 5, respectively. In addition to their role in peroxisome metabolism, it has recently been proposed that peroxisomal ABC transporters participate in cell signaling and cell control, particularly in cancer. …”
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Antioxidant Dietary Fiber Sourced from Agroindustrial Byproducts and Its Applications by Jorge E. Angulo-López, Adriana C. Flores-Gallegos, Juan A. Ascacio-Valdes, Juan C. Contreras Esquivel, Cristian Torres-León, Xochitl Rúelas-Chácon, Cristóbal N. Aguilar

“…A higher intake of antioxidant dietary fiber contributes to reducing the risk of diseases such as type II diabetes, colon cancer, obesity, and kidney stones, and has bile-acid retention–excretion, gastrointestinal laxative, hypoglycemic, hypocholesterolemic, prebiotic, and cardioprotective effects. …”
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The role of sirtuin1 in liver injury: molecular mechanisms and novel therapeutic target by Mufei Wang, Juanjuan Zhao, Jiuxia Chen, Teng Long, Mengwei Xu, Tingting Luo, Qingya Che, Yihuai He, Delin Xu

“…The progression of liver diseases is influenced by many physiologic processes, including oxidative stress, inflammation, bile acid metabolism, and autophagy. Various factors lead to the dysfunction of these processes and basing on the different pathogeny, pathology, clinical manifestation, and pathogenesis, liver diseases are grouped into different categories. …”
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Protective Effect of <i>Rhus chinensis</i> Mill. Fruits on 3,5-Diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-Dihydrocollidine-Induced Cholestasis in Mice via Ameliorating Oxidative Stress and Inflammation by Yilin Sun, Shengbao Cai, Yuanyue Zhang, Nan Ma, Junjie Yi, Xiaosong Hu, Tao Wang

“…The results showed that RCM extracts could significantly ameliorate DDC-induced cholestasis via multiple mechanisms, including (1) alleviating liver damage via enhancing antioxidant capacity, such as increasing the contents of glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and catalase and inhibiting the levels of malondialdehyde; (2) preventing liver inflammation by suppressing NF-κB pathway and reducing proinflammatory cytokines secretion (e.g., tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6); (3) inhibiting liver fibrosis and collagen deposition by regulating the expression of transforming growth factor-β and α-smooth muscle actin; (4) modulating abnormal bile acid metabolism through increasing the expression of bile salt export pump and multidrug resistance-associated protein 2. …”
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Preclinical evaluation of Hibiscus cannabinus Linn. in the treatment of urolithiasis and cholelithiasis by Swathi Suresh, Ankul Singh S, Chitra Vellapandian

“…Biochemical parameters such as biliary cholesterol, biliary phospholipid, and bile acid were determined in cholelithiasis model. …”
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The Role of Gut Microbiota in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder by Shi-Qi Yao, Xiayin Yang, Ling-Ping Cen, Shaoying Tan

“…Based on this evidence, metabolites produced by gut microbes, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), tryptophan (Trp), and bile acid (BA) metabolites, have also been found to affect immune cell metabolism. …”
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Estrogen deficiency induces bone loss through the gut microbiota by Zhiyuan Guan, Zheng Xuanqi, Junxiong Zhu, Wanqiong Yuan, Jialin Jia, Chenggui Zhang, Tiantong Sun, Huijie Leng, Changtao Jiang, Yingsheng Xu, Chunli Song

“…Furthermore, bioinformatics analysis revealed that the G-protein-coupled bile acid receptor (TGR5) and systemic inflammatory factors play key roles in bone metabolism. …”
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Sex differences in global metabolomic profiles of COVID-19 patients by Rocio Diaz Escarcega, Pedram Honarpisheh, Gabriela Delevati Colpo, Hilda W. Ahnstedt, Lucy Couture, Shivanki Juneja, Glenda Torres, Guadalupe J. Ortiz, James Sollome, Natalie Tabor, Bhanu P. Ganesh, H. Alex Choi, Fudong Liu, Louise D. McCullough, Andrey S. Tsvetkov

“…Key metabolic pathways that demonstrated robust sex differences in COVID-19 groups, but not in controls, involved lipid metabolism, pentose pathway, bile acid metabolism, and microbiome-related metabolism of aromatic amino acids, including tryptophan and tyrosine. …”
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Vegan diet in young children remodels metabolism and challenges the statuses of essential nutrients by Topi Hovinen, Liisa Korkalo, Riitta Freese, Essi Skaffari, Pirjo Isohanni, Mikko Niemi, Jaakko Nevalainen, Helena Gylling, Nicola Zamboni, Maijaliisa Erkkola, Anu Suomalainen

“…Their serum total, HDL and LDL cholesterol, essential amino acid, and docosahexaenoic n‐3 fatty acid (DHA) levels were markedly low and primary bile acid biosynthesis, and phospholipid balance was distinct from omnivores. …”
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The Influence of Different Extraction Methods on the Structure, Rheological, Thermal and Functional Properties of Soluble Dietary Fiber from Sanchi (<i>Panax notoginseng</i>) Flowe... by Guihun Jiang, Karna Ramachandraiah, Zhaogen Wu, Kashif Ameer

“…Among all extraction methods, H-SDF and U-SDF exhibited the highest water holding capacity (WHC), oil-holding capacity (OHC), Bile acid-adsorption capacity (BAC), Cholesterol-adsorption capacity (CAC) and Glucose adsorption capacity (GAC). …”
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Differential Diagnosis and Management of Diarrhea in Patients with Neuroendocrine Tumors by Sara Pusceddu, Roberta Elisa Rossi, Martina Torchio, Natalie Prinzi, Monica Niger, Jorgelina Coppa, Luca Giacomelli, Rodolfo Sacco, Antonio Facciorusso, Francesca Corti, Alessandra Raimondi, Michele Prisciandaro, Elena Colombo, Teresa Beninato, Marta Del Vecchio, Massimo Milione, Maria Di Bartolomeo, Filippo de Braud

“…Underlying causes of diarrhea can be multifactorial, including not only diarrhea that is related to specific hormonal hypersecretory syndromes, but also diarrhea that is secondary to the following: extensive surgery which can cause pancreatic exocrine insufficiency or short bowel syndrome, treatment with somatostatin analogs or other antineoplastic agents, and bile acid malabsorption. After initial management of diarrhea with general treatments (dietary modification, use of antidiarrheals), a proper differential diagnosis is necessary to treat patients with specific etiology-driven therapeutic approaches, such as somatostatin analogs, pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy, and tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitors. …”
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Probiotics and liver fibrosis: An evidence-based review of the latest research by Lin Cheng, Jianyou Shi, Haoyuan Peng, Rongsheng Tong, Yonghe Hu, Dongke Yu

“…This review summarizes the effects of probiotics in the subsequent treatment of liver fibrosis by altering bile acid metabolism, preventing oxidative stress and inflammation during liver fibrosis development, and providing new options for the adjuvant treatment of liver fibrosis.…”
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