History, current trends and prospects for the development of pro- and prebiotic drugs in Russia and abroad by Yu. S. Savinova, N. L. Belkova, N. V. Semenova, L. V. Rychkova

“…It has been established that these are the gut microorganisms that play a decisive role in maintaining health, participating in the metabolism of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, bile acids and the synthesis of vitamins. It has been shown that changes in the balance in the gut microbiocenosis lead not only to pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract, but also increase the risk of developing diseases of the cardiovascular and endocrine systems, and cause disturbances in the psycho-emotional state.   …”
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Potential Role for the Gut Microbiota in Modulating Host Circadian Rhythms and Metabolic Health by Shanthi G. Parkar, Andries Kalsbeek, James F. Cheeseman

“…The consequent disruptions to microbiota-mediated functions such as decreased conjugation of bile acids or increased production of hydrogen sulfide and the resultant decreased production of butyrate, in turn affect substrate oxidation and energy regulation in the host. …”
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Current insights into the interplay between gut microbiota-derived metabolites and metabolic-associated fatty liver disease by Rachmad Anres Dongoran, Fang-Cen Tu, Chin-Hung Liu

“…Based on the review studies, gut-liver axis related-metabolites including short-chain fatty acids, bile acids (BAs), lipopolysaccharide, choline and its metabolites, indole and its derivates, branched-chain amino acids, and methionine cycle derivates was associated with MAFLD and could be promising MAFLD diagnosis biomarkers, as well as the targets for MAFLD new drug discovery.…”
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Unraveling the functional role of the orphan solute carrier, SLC22A24 in the transport of steroid conjugates through metabolomic and genome-wide association studies. by Sook Wah Yee, Adrian Stecula, Huan-Chieh Chien, Ling Zou, Elena V Feofanova, Marjolein van Borselen, Kit Wun Kathy Cheung, Noha A Yousri, Karsten Suhre, Jason M Kinchen, Eric Boerwinkle, Roshanak Irannejad, Bing Yu, Kathleen M Giacomini

“…In cells over-expressing human or various mammalian orthologs of SLC22A24, we showed that steroid conjugates and bile acids were substrates of the transporter. Phylogenetic, genomic, and transcriptomic analyses suggested that SLC22A24 has a specialized role in the kidney and appears to function in the reabsorption of organic anions, and in particular, anionic steroids. …”
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Postbiotics in colorectal cancer: intervention mechanisms and perspectives by Wei Xie, Yu-Sen Zhong, Xue-Jian Li, You-Kun Kang, Qian-Yu Peng, Hua-Zhong Ying

“…Postbiotics are preparations of inanimate microorganisms or their components that are beneficial to the health of the host, with the main components including bacterial components (e.g., exopolysaccharides, teichoic acids, surface layer protein) and metabolites (e.g., short-chain fatty acids, tryptophan metabolite, bile acids, vitamins and enzymes). Compared with traditional probiotics, it has a more stable chemical structure and higher safety. …”
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Unripe Papaya By-Product: From Food Wastes to Functional Ingredients in Pancakes by Waralee Joymak, Sathaporn Ngamukote, Praew Chantarasinlapin, Sirichai Adisakwattana

“…In the cholesterol-reducing effect, UPP decreased the formation of cholesterol micellization and bound bile acids. Interestingly, incorporation of 5–20% UPP into pancakes could decrease the glucose release with a concomitant increase in the percentage of undigestible starch. …”
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Liver Disease and Hemostasis (Review) Part 2. Cholestatic Liver Disease and Hemostasis by Vasiliy I. Reshetnyak, Igor V. Maev, Tatiana M. Reshetnyak, Sergei V. Zhuravel, Vladimir M. Pisarev

“…It is suggested that a trend for thrombosis in patients with cholestatic liver disease is due to increased accumulation of bile acids in the systemic circulation. Available data demonstrate that the antiphospholipid syndrome may predispose to the formation of blood clots due to alterations of phospholipid composition of membranes of platelets and vascular endothelial cells by circulating antiphospholipid antibodies. …”
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Interplay of autophagy, apoptosis, and senescence in primary biliary cholangitis by Elias Kouroumalis, Ioannis Tsomidis, Argyro Voumvouraki

“…They include the loss of the protective bicarbonate umbrella in BECs due to the reduction of activity of the anion exchanger 2 (AE2) with the resultant activation of the intracellular soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC). The role of toxic bile acids is also presented. A sequence of events is proposed including involvement of the gut-liver axis and the possible role of ferroptosis. …”
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The Role of the Gastrointestinal Microbiome in Liver Disease by Nicholas Shalaby, Dorit Samocha-Bonet, Nadeem O. Kaakoush, Mark Danta

“…There are bidirectional feedback loops between the liver and the rest of the gastrointestinal tract via the portal venous and biliary systems, which are mediated by microbial metabolites, specifically short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and secondary bile acids. The interaction between the liver and the gastrointestinal microbiome has the potential to provide a novel therapeutic modality to mitigate the progression of liver disease and its complications. …”
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Gastrointestinal disorders in Parkinson’s disease and other Lewy body diseases by Masaaki Hirayama, Hiroshi Nishiwaki, Tomonari Hamaguchi, Kinji Ohno

“…In addition, in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), which is another form of α-synucleinopathies, increased genera, Ruminococcus torques and Collinsella, may mitigate neuroinflammation in the substantia nigra by increasing secondary bile acids. Interventions for the gut microbiota and their metabolites may potentially delay or mitigate the development and progression of PD and other Lewy body diseases.…”
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Neuroinflammation in the Brain and Role of Intestinal Microbiota: An Overview of the Players by Gina Cavaliere, Giovanna Traina

“…In the gut-brain axis, the intestinal microbiota produce a variety of molecules and neurotransmitters, transform primary bile acids into secondary bile, and synthesize short-chain fatty acids. …”
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<i>In Vitro</i> Assessment of Drug-Induced Liver Injury Using Cell-Based Models: A Review by I. A. Mazerkina

“…Potential DILI causes include chemically reactive metabolites, oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, intracellular accumulation of toxic bile acids resulting from transporter inhibition, and adaptive immune system activation. …”
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Munching microbes: diet–microbiome interactions shape gut health and cancer outcomes by Erin R Shanahan, Miguel Castaneda, Rebecca Simpson, Reem Elnour, Emma Todd

“…Gut microbes in the large bowel utilise both dietary-derived nutrients, such as host-indigestible carbohydrates (fibre) and excess protein, host-derived nutrients (intestinal mucin), and also interact with the by-products of digestion such as bile acids. They transform these compounds into a series of metabolites that can profoundly shape host physiology both locally and systemically. …”
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Cloning and characterization of an Echinococcus granulosus ecdysteroid hormone nuclear receptor HR3-like gene by Yang Mei, Li Jun, Wu Jun, Wang Hui, Guo Baoping, Wu Chuanchuan, Shou Xi, Yang Ning, Zhang Zhuangzhi, McManus Donald P., Zhang Fuchun, Zhang Wenbao

“…Real-time PCR analysis showed that EgHR3 was expressed significantly more in adults than in other stages of development (p<0.01) and that its expression was especially high in the early stage of adult worm development induced by bile acids. EgHR3 siRNA silenced 69–78% of the level of transcription in protoscoleces, which resulted in killing 43.6–60.9% of protoscoleces after 10 days of cultivation in vitro. …”
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Microbial metabolites in colorectal tumorigenesis and cancer therapy by Yali Liu, Harry Cheuk-Hay Lau, Jun Yu

“…The roles of pro-tumorigenic (secondary bile acids and polyamines) and anti-tumorigenic (short-chain fatty acids and indole derivatives) metabolites in CRC development are then discussed. …”
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Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Circadian Clock Disruption, and Metabolic Consequences by Mikołaj Malicki, Filip Franciszek Karuga, Bartosz Szmyd, Marcin Sochal, Agata Gabryelska

“…Circadian clock disruption impairs the metabolism of glucose, lipids, and the secretion of bile acids. Therefore, OSA-induced circadian clock disruption may be a potential, complex, underlying pathway involved in developing and exacerbating metabolic diseases among OSA patients. …”
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Gut Microbiota and its Metabolites in Pathogenesis of NAFLD by M. S. Reshetova, O. Yu. Zolnikova, V. T. Ivashkin, K. V. Ivashkin, S. A. Appolonova, T. L. Lapina

“…Changes in the level of endogenous ethanol, secondary bile acids, aromatic amino acids, branched chain amino acids, etc. have been described. …”
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The impact of herbal medicine in regulating intestinal flora on female reproductive disorders by Min Liu, Jin Yan, Yeke Wu, Hongqiu Zhu, Yefang Huang, Keming Wu

“…Several studies have shown that imbalance of intestinal flora and its regulation of the intestinal barrier, intestinal immune response, and intestinal flora metabolites (short-chain fatty acids and bile acids) can affect the development and regression of female reproductive disorders. …”
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PENGARUH PEMBERIAN SERBUK ALGA MERAH (Eucheuma spinosum) TERHADAP KADAR TOTAL KOLESTEROL DAN TRIGLISERIDA PADA TIKUS SPRAGUE DAWLEY YANG DIBERI DIET TINGGI LEMAK by , YUSUF SATYA, , Prof. Dr. Mustofa, M.Kes, Apt

“…Seaweed (Eucheuma spinosum) contain carrageenan which is suspected of having fiber and hypocholesterolemic effect because the fiber can bind to bile acids and cholesterol in small intestine. Objective : The aim of this study was to assess the effect of E. spinosum powder on total cholesterol and triglycerides level in Sprague dawley rats with high fat diet. …”

Establishing an antibody mimetic applicable to targeting in the gastrointestinal tract by Wicke, NS

“…Furthermore, SBTI is stable in the presence of intestinal proteases and bile acids, as well as being resilient to high temperatures. …”