Efficacy of a Tibia Counter Rotator System for the Treatment of Internal Tibial Torsion in Children by Sungmi Kim, Mitsuyoshi Suzuki, Kei Minowa, Hiroshi Nittono, Toshiaki Shimizu

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Resistant starches from dietary pulses modulate the gut metabolome in association with microbiome in a humanized murine model of ageing by Saurabh Kadyan, Gwoncheol Park, Bo Wang, Prashant Singh, Bahram Arjmandi, Ravinder Nagpal

“…LEN and CKP increase butyrate, while INU promotes propionate. Conversely, bile acids and cholesterol are reduced in prebiotic groups along with suppressed choline-to-trimethylamine conversion by LEN and CKP, whereas amino acid metabolism is positively altered. …”
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The Activity of Ten Natural Extracts Combined in a Unique Blend to Maintain Cholesterol Homeostasis—In Vitro Model by Sara Ruga, Rebecca Galla, Claudia Penna, Claudio Molinari, Francesca Uberti

“…Results: Our results indicate that Esterol10^® leads to a reduction in total hepatocyte cholesterol and an improvement in the biosynthesis of free cholesterol and bile acids. Furthermore, the anti-cholesterol activity of Esterol10^® was also confirmed by the modulation of the LDL receptor and by the accumulation of lipids, as well as by the main intracellular pathways involved in the metabolism of cholesterol. …”
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Targeting Farnesoid X Receptor in Tumor and the Tumor Microenvironment: Implication for Therapy by Miljana Nenkov, Yihui Shi, Yunxia Ma, Nikolaus Gaßler, Yuan Chen

“…The farnesoid-X receptor (FXR), a member of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily, can be activated by bile acids (BAs). BAs binding to FXR activates BA signaling which is important for maintaining BA homeostasis. …”
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Research progress in the relationship between gut microbia and its metabolites and gestational diabetes mellitus by LIU Qianruo, FANG Zichen, WU Yuhan, ZHONG Xianxin, GUO Muhe, JIA Jie

“…It has been shown that gut microbial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) and bile acids are strongly influenced by diet and play an important role in metabolic disorders related to insulin resistance (such as GDM). …”
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Feline Cyst-like Lymphocytic Cholangiohepatitis in a Cat: First Case Report by Sathidpak Nantasanti Assawarachan, Rungrueang Yodsheewan, Phudit Maneesaay, Kasem Rattanapinyopituk, Piyathip Chuchalermporn, Atijit Kongchun, Benjang Hakhen, Panpicha Sattasathuchana

“…Serum liver enzymes, bilirubin, and bile acids concentrations were within normal limits. …”
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Treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with probiotics: An etiopathogenic approach at last? by M. Bixquert Jiménez

“…Lactobacilli are found among the normal bacterial flora of the gastrointestinal tract, and Lactobacillus plantarum (Lp) is one of the species frequently isolated from the human mucosa, which is capable of surviving the low pH of the stomach and duodenum, resisting the effect of bile acids in the upper small intestine when ingested, and temporarily colonizing the gastrointestinal tract by binding to the intestinal and colonic mucosa. …”
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The significance of gut microbiota in the etiology of autoimmune hepatitis: a narrative review by Chen Sun, Dongzi Zhu, Qi Zhu, Zeping He, Yichao Lou, Desheng Chen

“…In terms of the mechanisms involved in immune, the gut microbiota or its metabolites, which is decreased in secondary bile acids, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and polyamines, and increased in lipopolysaccharide (LPS), branched-chain amino acids (BCAA), tryptophan metabolite, amino acid, and bile acid, can disrupt immune homeostasis by activating various immune cells and immune-related signaling pathways, resulting in aberrant activation of the immune system. …”
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AGE AND GENDER PECULIARITIES OF DEVELOPMENT OF GALLSTONE DISEASE by N. A. Hohlacheva, N. N. Sergeeva, Ya. M. Vahrushev

“…In the portions “b” and “C” bile was determined the total concentration of bile acids, cholesterol, with the subsequent calculation it consists of cholesterol ratio. …”
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Molecular Regulation of Canalicular ABC Transporters by Amel Ben Saad, Alix Bruneau, Elodie Mareux, Martine Lapalus, Jean-Louis Delaunay, Emmanuel Gonzales, Emmanuel Jacquemin, Tounsia Aït-Slimane, Thomas Falguières

“…Among these transporters, ABCB11 secretes bile acids, ABCB4 translocates phosphatidylcholine and ABCG5/G8 is responsible for cholesterol secretion, while ABCB1 and ABCC2 transport a variety of drugs and other compounds. …”
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Crosstalk between Gut Microbiota and Host Immunity: Impact on Inflammation and Immunotherapy by Connor Campbell, Mrunmayee R. Kandalgaonkar, Rachel M. Golonka, Beng San Yeoh, Matam Vijay-Kumar, Piu Saha

“…We describe how the gut microbiota shapes both innate and adaptive immunity with emphasis on the metabolites short-chain fatty acids and secondary bile acids. We also comprehensively delineate how disruption in the microbiota–immune axis results in immune-mediated diseases, such as gastrointestinal infections, inflammatory bowel diseases, cardiometabolic disorders (e.g., cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and hypertension), autoimmunity (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis), hypersensitivity (e.g., asthma and allergies), psychological disorders (e.g., anxiety), and cancer (e.g., colorectal and hepatic). …”
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Diet supplementation formulated with Bacillus sp. SMIA-2 and its enzymes for Nile tilapia: zootechnical performance and effects on intestinal morphometry by Priscilla Cortizo Costa Pierro, Pedro Pierro Mendonça, Paola de Oliveira Santos, Thayna de Souza Pardo, Thaianara Galdino do Nascimento Assis, Samuel Oliveira da Silva Silva, David Carvalho dos Santos Ribeiro, Meire Lelis Leal Martins

“…The bacteria could be recovered from the intestines of animals, demonstrating its ability to survive gastric and bile acids. The comparative study of SMIA-2 with commercial products showed a significant effect on individual food intake, final weight and weight gain in all treatments. …”
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Identification of liver CYP51 as a gene responsive to circulating cholesterol in a hamster model by Haiqiu Huang, Zhuohong Xie, Wallace Yokoyama, Liangli Yu, Thomas T. Y. Wang

“…The high-fat diet and CA diet altered the expression level of cholesterol, bile acids and lipid metabolism-associated genes (LDL receptor, cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1), liver X receptor (LXR) α, and ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 5/8 (ABCG5/8)) in the liver, which were significantly correlated with circulating cholesterol levels. …”
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Changes in the Fecal Metabolome Are Associated with Feeding Fiber Not Health Status in Cats with Chronic Kidney Disease by Jean A. Hall, Dennis E. Jewell, Eden Ephraim

“…Changes in secondary bile acid concentrations were more numerous in healthy compared with CKD cats, and cats in both groups had greater increases in some secondary bile acids after consuming apple pomace compared with scFOS, e.g., tauroursodeoxycholate and hyocholate. …”
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Role of the Gut Microbiota and Its Metabolites in Tumorigenesis or Development of Colorectal Cancer by Ruize Qu, Yi Zhang, Yanpeng Ma, Xin Zhou, Lulu Sun, Changtao Jiang, Zhipeng Zhang, Wei Fu

“…Harmful metabolites include some primary bile acids and short‐chain fatty acids, whereas others, including ursodeoxycholic acid and butyrate, are beneficial and impede tumor development and progression. …”
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Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease and Insulin Resistance: A Review of Complex Interlinks by Thomas M. Barber, Stefan Kabisch, Andreas F. H. Pfeiffer, Martin O. Weickert

“…The gut microbiota may interact directly with the liver parenchyma (through translocation via the portal vein), or indirectly through the release of metabolic metabolites that include secondary bile acids, trimethylamine, and short-chain fatty acids (such as propionate and acetate). …”
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Single-Cell Analysis of the Liver Epithelium Reveals Dynamic Heterogeneity and an Essential Role for YAP in Homeostasis and Regeneration by Pepe-Mooney, Brian J, Dill, Michael T, Alemany, Anna, Ordovas-Montanes, Jose, Matsushita, Yuki, Rao, Anuradha, Sen, Anushna, Miyazaki, Makoto, Anakk, Sayeepriyadarshini, Dawson, Paul A, Ono, Noriaki, Shalek, Alex K, van Oudenaarden, Alexander, Camargo, Fernando D

“…YAP signaling is induced by physiological bile acids (BAs), required for BEC survival in response to BA exposure, and is necessary for hepatocyte reprogramming into biliary progenitors upon injury. …”
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Effects of surgical and dietary weight loss therapy for obesity on gut microbiota composition and nutrient absorption by Damms-Machado, Antje, Mitra, Suparna, Schollenberger, Asja E., Kramer, Klaus Michael, Meile, Tobias, Königsrainer, Alfred, Huson, Daniel H., Bischoff, Stephan C.

“…Moreover, LSG increased malabsorption due to loss in energy-rich faecal substrates and impairment of bile acid circulation. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01344525.…”
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Oxidative stress in primary open angle glaucoma: relevance of genetic polymorphisms of antioxidant genes and differential metabolite profiles / Zakaria Mohamed Bannur by Mohamed Bannur, Zakaria

“…Glycine-conjugated bile acids, palmitoylcamitine, inosine, and Pureidoisobutyric acid were increased in POAG patients. …”
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Characterization of a 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/carbonyl reductase from the gram-negative bacterium Comamonas testosteroni. by Oppermann, U, Maser, E

“…The broad substrate specificities of the characterized 3 alpha-HSD enzymes lead to the conclusion that they might participate in the intestinal bioactivation or inactivation of hormones, bile acids and xenobiotics since Comamonas testosteroni and related species are found in the intestinal tract of vertebrates including man.…”