Investigation into the pathogenesis and behaviour of two disorders of cholesterol homeostasis by Cross, J

“…<p>Cholesterol is essential for many life processes, including correct development, fluidity of cell membranes, production of steroid hormones and bile acids, and is a major component of myelin. Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome (SLOS) and Niemann-Pick disease type C (NPC) are devastating diseases and both involve dysregulation of cholesterol homeostasis. …”

AKR1D1 knockout mice develop a sex-dependent metabolic phenotype by Gathercole, LL, Nikolaou, N, Harris, SE, Arvaniti, A, Poolman, TM, Hazlehurst, JM, Kratschmar, DV, Todorčević, M, Moolla, A, Dempster, N, Pink, RC, Saikali, MF, Bentley, L, Penning, TM, Ohlsson, C, Cummins, CL, Poutanen, M, Odermatt, A, Cox, RD, Tomlinson, JW

“…<p>Steroid 5&beta;-reductase (AKR1D1) plays important role in hepatic bile acid synthesis and glucocorticoid clearance. Bile acids and glucocorticoids are potent metabolic regulators, but whether AKR1D1 controls metabolic phenotype&nbsp;<em>in vivo</em>&nbsp;is unknown.…”

Ursodeoxycholic acid versus placebo in the treatment of women with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) to improve perinatal outcomes: protocol for a randomised controlled t... by Chappell, L, Chambers, J, Dixon, P, Dorling, J, Hunter, R, Bell, J, Bowler, U, Hardy, P, Juszczak, E, Linsell, L, Rounding, C, Smith, A, Williamson, C, Thornton, J

“…<p>Background: Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is the most common liver disorder specific to pregnancy and presents with maternal pruritus, raised concentrations of serum bile acids and abnormal liver function tests. ICP is associated with increased rates of spontaneous and iatrogenic preterm labour, fetal hypoxia, meconium-stained amniotic fluid and intrauterine death. …”

Association of severe intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy with adverse pregnancy outcomes: a prospective population-based case-control study by Geenes, V, Chappell, L, Seed, P, Steer, P, Knight, M, Williamson, C

“…Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is a pregnancy-specific liver disease, characterized by maternal pruritus and raised serum bile acids. Our objectives were to describe the epidemiology and pregnancy complications associated with severe ICP and to test the hypothesis that adverse perinatal outcomes are increased in these women. …”

Alterations of cholesterol lowering-related proteins in the serum of hypercholesterolemic-induced rats treated with Ficus deltoidea by Chuo, Peck Ham, Fatima Uzar, Puteri Shafinaz Abdul-Rahman, Noorlidah Abdullah, Norhaniza Aminudin

“…Serum proteome analysis has unravelled the understanding on the mechanism of cholesterol reducing by F. deltoidea via augmentation of cholesterol biosynthesis that enhanced bile acids excretion, causing lowered cholesterol absorption in hypercholesterolemic rats.…”
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Ondansetron for irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhoea: randomised controlled trial by David Gunn, Rabia Topan, Ron Fried, Ivana Holloway, Richard Brindle, Suzanne Hartley, Lorna Barnard, Maura Corsetti, S Mark Scott, Adam Farmer, Ayesha Akbar, Maria Eugenicos, Nigel Trudgill, Kapil Kapur, John McLaughlin, David S Sanders, Arvind Ramadas, Peter Whorwell, Lesley Houghton, Phil G Dinning, Qasim Aziz, Alexander C Ford, Amanda Farrin, Robin Spiller

“…Main outcome measures Mechanistic – Whole gut transit time, faecal water, protease (FP), bile acids and assessment of rectal sensitivity using a barostat. …”
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Marked gut microbiota dysbiosis and increased imidazole propionate are associated with a NASH Göttingen Minipig model by Ditte Olsen, Lützhøft, Tim, Sinioja, Berit Ø., Christoffersen, Jakobsen, Rasmus Riemer, Dawei, Geng, Hajar Fauzan, Ahmad, Ellen Marie, Straarup, Karen-Margrethe, Pedersen, Kot, Witold, Henrik Duelund, Pedersen, Susanna, Cirera, Tuulia, Hyötyläinen, Dennis Sandris, Nielsen, Axel Kornerup, Hansen

“…Background: Gut microbiota dysbiosis is associated with the development of non‑alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) through modulation of gut barrier, inflammation, lipid metabolism, bile acid signaling and short‑chain fatty acid production. …”
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Crocetin Prolongs Recovery Period of DSS-Induced Colitis via Altering Intestinal Microbiome and Increasing Intestinal Permeability by Peishi Feng, Qiaoqiao Li, Ling Liu, Siyu Wang, Zhipeng Wu, Yi Tao, Pan Huang, Ping Wang

“…Untargeted metabolomic analyses revealed that crocetin reduced the levels of primary and secondary bile acids such as 12-ketodeoxycholic acid, 7-ketodeoxycholic acid, 3-sulfodeoxycholic acid, 6-ethylchenodeoxycholic acid, chenodeoxycholate, glycochenodeoxycholate-7-sulfate, glycocholate, and sulfolithocholic acid in the colon. …”
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MicroRNAs and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis: A Review by Asahiro Morishita, Kyoko Oura, Tomoko Tadokoro, Koji Fujita, Joji Tani, Hideki Kobara, Masafumi Ono, Takashi Himoto, Tsutomu Masaki

“…However, the mechanism of progression from simple fat deposition to NASH is complex, and previous reports have linked NAFLD to gut microbiota, bile acids, immunity, adipokines, oxidative stress, and genetic or epigenetic factors. …”
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Untargeted Metabolomics Reveals Major Differences in the Plasma Metabolome between Colorectal Cancer and Colorectal Adenomas by Tanja Gumpenberger, Stefanie Brezina, Pekka Keski-Rahkonen, Andreas Baierl, Nivonirina Robinot, Gernot Leeb, Nina Habermann, Dieuwertje E G Kok, Augustin Scalbert, Per-Magne Ueland, Cornelia M Ulrich, Andrea Gsur

“…Metabolites discriminating colorectal cancer patients from those with adenomas in our dataset included acylcarnitines, caffeine, amino acids, glycerophospholipids, fatty acids, bilirubin, bile acids and bacterial metabolites of tryptophan. …”
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A Comparison of the Impact of Restrictive Diets on the Gastrointestinal Tract of Mice by András Gregor, Laura Huber, Sandra Auernigg-Haselmaier, Felix Sternberg, Magdalena Billerhart, Andreas Dunkel, Veronika Somoza, Manfred Ogris, Barbara Kofler, Valter D. Longo, Jürgen König, Kalina Duszka

“…We characterized the impact of the diets in the context of several dietary restriction-related parameters, including immune status in the GI tract; microbiota and its metabolites; bile acids (BAs); gut morphology; as well as autophagy-, mitochondria-, and energy restriction-related parameters. …”
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Papaverine attenuates the progression of alpha naphthylisothiocyanate induce cholestasis in rats by Doaa Adnan Atshan, Munaf Hashim Zalzala

“…The findings indicated the enhancement in the liver function test and total bile acids, as well as in liver histology; papaverine significantly lowered TNF-α and IL-1β while SOD and GSH significantly increased. …”
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Metabolomic Profile of Different Dietary Patterns and Their Association with Frailty Index in Community-Dwelling Older Men and Women by Toshiko Tanaka, Sameera A. Talegawkar, Yichen Jin, Julián Candia, Qu Tian, Ruin Moaddel, Eleanor M. Simonsick, Luigi Ferrucci

“…We found 236, 218, and 278 metabolites associated with the MDS, MIND, and AHEI, respectively, with 127 common metabolites, which included lipids, tri/di-glycerides, lyso/phosphatidylcholine, amino acids, bile acids, ceramides, cholesterol esters, fatty acids and acylcarnitines, indoles, and sphingomyelins. …”
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Intermittent Fasting Enhances Right Ventricular Function in Preclinical Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension by Sasha Z. Prisco, Megan Eklund, Daphne M. Moutsoglou, Anthony R. Prisco, Alexander Khoruts, E. Kenneth Weir, Thenappan Thenappan, Kurt W. Prins

“…Metabolomics profiling revealed IF decreased RV levels of microbiome metabolites including bile acids, aromatic amino acid metabolites, and gamma‐glutamylated amino acids. …”
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Microbiota dynamics preceding bariatric surgery as obesity treatment: a comprehensive review by Ana Karina Zambrano, Elius Paz-Cruz, Viviana A. Ruiz-Pozo, Santiago Cadena-Ullauri, Rafael Tamayo-Trujillo, Patricia Guevara-Ramírez, Raynier Zambrano-Villacres, Daniel Simancas-Racines

“…During digestion, microbiota produce physiologically active compounds like bile acids (Bas) and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). …”
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Attenuation of the severity and changes in the microbiota in an animal model of primary biliary cholangitis by FOXP3− regulatory T cells by Yi‐Lien Chen, Szu‐Ying Chen, Ya‐Hui Chuang, Bor‐Luen Chiang

“…Results Treg/B‐cell treatment significantly decreased the levels of serum AMAs against pyruvate dehydrogenase complex E2, lowered the levels of serum bile acids, attenuated inflammatory cell infiltration, reduced dendritic cell activation, altered the population of T cells in the liver and alleviated liver collagen synthesis in PBC mice. …”
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Metabolomic Study of Aging in <i>fa</i>/<i>fa</i> Rats: Multiplatform Urine and Serum Analysis by Helena Pelantová, Petra Tomášová, Blanka Šedivá, Barbora Neprašová, Lucia Mráziková, Jaroslav Kuneš, Blanka Železná, Lenka Maletínská, Marek Kuzma

“…The serum of 40-week-old obese rats showed a reduction in several bile acid conjugates and an increase in serotonin. …”
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Elobixibat improves rectal sensation in patients with chronic constipation aged ≥60 years: a randomised placebo-controlled study by Michael Camilleri, Ken Haruma, Noriaki Manabe, Minami Umeyama, Sonoko Ishizaki, Takumi Ota, Shinji Kuratani, Ryo Katsumata, Minoru Fujita

“…Objective High rectal sensory thresholds (RSTs) are associated with chronic constipation (CC), especially in older patients. Bile acids (BAs) affect the RSTs of healthy individuals. …”
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Weakly Acidic Bile Is a Risk Factor for Hypopharyngeal Carcinogenesis Evidenced by DNA Damage, Antiapoptotic Function, and Premalignant Dysplastic Lesions In Vivo by Clarence T. Sasaki, Sotirios G. Doukas, Panagiotis G. Doukas, Dimitra P. Vageli

“…Methods: Using 32 wild-type mice C57B16J, we performed topical application of conjugated primary bile acids with or without unconjugated secondary bile acid, deoxycholic acid (DCA), at pH 5.5 and controls, to hypopharyngeal mucosa (HM) twice per day, for 15 weeks. …”
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Regulation of Human Endogenous Metabolites by Drug Transporters and Drug Metabolizing Enzymes: An Analysis of Targeted SNP-Metabolite Associations by Jeffry C. Granados, Jeramie D. Watrous, Tao Long, Sara Brin Rosenthal, Susan Cheng, Mohit Jain, Sanjay K. Nigam

“…Focusing on the gut−liver−kidney axis, we identified the endogenous metabolites potentially regulated by this network of ~1000 proteins by associating SNPs in these genes with the circulating levels of thousands of small, polar, bioactive metabolites, including free fatty acids, eicosanoids, bile acids, and other signaling metabolites that act in part via G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), nuclear receptors, and kinases. …”
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