Hypoxia and Inactivity Related Physiological Changes (Constipation, Inflammation) Are Not Reflected at the Level of Gut Metabolites and Butyrate Producing Microbial Community: The... by Robert Šket, Nicole Treichel, Tadej Debevec, Ola Eiken, Igor Mekjavic, Michael Schloter, Marius Vital, Jenna Chandler, James M. Tiedje, Boštjan Murovec, Zala Prevoršek, Blaž Stres, Blaž Stres

“…A number of parameters linked to intestinal transit spanning Bristol Stool Scale, defecation rates, zonulin, α1-antitrypsin, eosinophil derived neurotoxin, bile acids, reducing sugars, short chain fatty acids, total soluble organic carbon, water content, diet composition, and food intake were measured (167 variables). …”
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Dynamic patterns of postprandial metabolic responses to three dietary challenges by Patrick Weinisch, Jarlei Fiamoncini, Daniela Schranner, Johannes Raffler, Johannes Raffler, Thomas Skurk, Thomas Skurk, Manuela J. Rist, Werner Römisch-Margl, Cornelia Prehn, Jerzy Adamski, Jerzy Adamski, Jerzy Adamski, Hans Hauner, Hans Hauner, Hannelore Daniel, Karsten Suhre, Gabi Kastenmüller

“…We used fuzzy c-means clustering to group these metabolites into eight clusters based on commonalities of their dynamic response patterns, with each cluster following one of four primary response patterns: (i) “decrease-increase” (valley-like) with fatty acids and acylcarnitines indicating the suppression of lipolysis, (ii) “increase-decrease” (mountain-like) including a cluster of conjugated bile acids and the glucose/insulin cluster, (iii) “steady decrease” with metabolites reflecting a carryover from meals prior to the study, and (iv) “mixed” decreasing after the glucose challenge and increasing otherwise. …”
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Vitamin K2 supplementation improves impaired glycemic homeostasis and insulin sensitivity for type 2 diabetes through gut microbiome and fecal metabolites by Yuntao Zhang, Lin Liu, Chunbo Wei, Xuanyang Wang, Ran Li, Xiaoqing Xu, Yingfeng Zhang, Guannan Geng, Keke Dang, Zhu Ming, Xinmiao Tao, Huan Xu, Xuemin Yan, Jia Zhang, Jinxia Hu, Ying Li

“…Finally, we found that 4 weeks of fecal microbiota transplantation significantly improved glucose tolerance in diet-induced obesity mice by activating colon bile acid receptors, improving host immune-inflammatory responses, and increasing circulating GLP-1 concentrations. …”
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Hypolipidemic effects of chitosan and its derivatives in hyperlipidemic rats induced by a high-fat diet by Haitao Pan, Qingyun Yang, Guidong Huang, Chen Ding, Peiqiu Cao, Lanlan Huang, Tiancun Xiao, Jiao Guo, Zhengquan Su

“…Results: Compared with HFD group, rats fed CTS, COSI, and COSIII showed a better ability to regulate their body weight, liver and cardiac indices, fat/body ratio, as well as serum, liver, and fecal lipids, and simultaneously to maintain the appropriate activity of liver and serum superoxide dismutase (SOD), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), as well as liver and fecal total bile acids (TBA). Simultaneously, there had been a higher mRNA expression of PPARα and HL in the treatment groups. …”
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The Critical Role of Chemokine (C–C Motif) Receptor 2-Positive Monocytes in Autoimmune Cholangitis by Debby Reuveni, Debby Reuveni, Yael Gore, Yael Gore, Patrick S. C. Leung, Yael Lichter, Yael Lichter, Itay Moshkovits, Itay Moshkovits, Ayelet Kaminitz, Ayelet Kaminitz, Eli Brazowski, Eli Brazowski, Eric Lefebvre, Pamela Vig, Chen Varol, Chen Varol, Zamir Halpern, Zamir Halpern, Oren Shibolet, Oren Shibolet, Merrill Eric Gershwin, Ehud Zigmond, Ehud Zigmond

“…Importantly, treatment with CVC resulted in amelioration of all aspects of disease severity including serum total bile acids, histological severity score, and fibrosis stage. …”
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Comprehensive Plasma Metabolomic Profile of Patients with Advanced Neuroendocrine Tumors (NETs). Diagnostic and Biological Relevance by Beatriz Soldevilla, Angeles López-López, Alberto Lens-Pardo, Carlos Carretero-Puche, Angeles Lopez-Gonzalvez, Anna La Salvia, Beatriz Gil-Calderon, Maria C. Riesco-Martinez, Paula Espinosa-Olarte, Jacinto Sarmentero, Beatriz Rubio-Cuesta, Raúl Rincón, Coral Barbas, Rocio Garcia-Carbonero

“…We have detected an increase of bile acids, sugars, oxidized lipids and oxidized products from arachidonic acid and a decrease of carnitine levels in NETs. …”
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Developmental toxicity of Nafion byproduct 2 (NBP2) in the Sprague-Dawley rat with comparisons to hexafluoropropylene oxide-dimer acid (HFPO-DA or GenX) and perfluorooctane sulfona... by Justin M. Conley, Christy S. Lambright, Nicola Evans, Elizabeth Medlock-Kakaley, Donna Hill, James McCord, Mark J. Strynar, Leah C. Wehmas, Susan Hester, Denise K. MacMillan, L. Earl Gray, Jr.

“…Metabolomic profiling indicated elevated maternal bile acids for NBP2, but not HFPO-DA or PFOS, while all three reduced 3-indolepropionic acid. …”
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Effect of natural polyphenols in Chinese herbal medicine on obesity and diabetes: Interactions among gut microbiota, metabolism, and immunity by Keyu Chen, Keyu Chen, Keyu Chen, Zezheng Gao, Zezheng Gao, Qiyou Ding, Qiyou Ding, Qiyou Ding, Cheng Tang, Haiyu Zhang, Haiyu Zhang, Tiangang Zhai, Tiangang Zhai, Tiangang Zhai, Weinan Xie, Weinan Xie, Weinan Xie, Zishan Jin, Zishan Jin, Zishan Jin, Linhua Zhao, Wenke Liu

“…In this review, we investigated the network interaction mechanism of “gut microbial disturbance, metabolic disorder, and immune imbalance” in both obesity and T2DM and systemically summarized their multiple targets in the treatment of obesity and T2DM, including enrichment of the beneficial gut microbiota (genera Bifidobacterium, Akkermansia, and Lactobacillus) and upregulation of the levels of gut microbiota-derived metabolites [short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)] and bile acids (BAs). Moreover, we explored their effect on host glucolipid metabolism, the AMPK pathway, and immune modulation via the inhibition of pro-inflammatory immune cells (M1-like Mϕs, Th1, and Th17 cells); proliferation, recruitment, differentiation, and function; and related cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17, and MCP-1). …”
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Multi-omics profiles of the intestinal microbiome in irritable bowel syndrome and its bowel habit subtypes by Jonathan P. Jacobs, Venu Lagishetty, Megan C. Hauer, Jennifer S. Labus, Tien S. Dong, Ryan Toma, Momchilo Vuyisich, Bruce D. Naliboff, Jeffrey M. Lackner, Arpana Gupta, Kirsten Tillisch, Emeran A. Mayer

“…Diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D) demonstrated shifts in the metatranscriptome and metabolome including increased bile acids, polyamines, succinate pathway intermediates (malate, fumarate), and transcripts involved in fructose, mannose, and polyol metabolism compared to constipation-predominant IBS (IBS-C). …”
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Antagonism Between Gut Ruminococcus gnavus and Akkermansia muciniphila Modulates the Progression of Chronic Hepatitis BSummary by Huey-Huey Chua, Ya-Hui Chen, Li-Ling Wu, Hung-Chih Yang, Chia-Ray Lin, Huey-Ling Chen, Jia-Feng Wu, Mei-Hwei Chang, Pei-Jer Chen, Yen-Hsuan Ni

“…Increased cholesterol-to-bile acids (BAs) metabolism was found in IT patients because R gnavus encodes bile salt hydrolase to deconjugate primary BAs and augment BAs total pool for facilitating HBV persistence and prolonging the IT course. …”
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Cyanidin-3-O-Glucoside Alleviates Alcoholic Liver Injury via Modulating Gut Microbiota and Metabolites in Mice by Lingfeng Zhu, Fuliang Cao, Zuomin Hu, Yaping Zhou, Tianyi Guo, Sisi Yan, Qiutao Xie, Xinxin Xia, Hongyan Yuan, Gaoyang Li, Feijun Luo, Qinlu Lin

“…Non-targeted metabolic analyses of cecal contents showed that C3G supplementation could affect the composition of intestinal metabolites, particularly bile acids. In conclusion, C3G can attenuate alcohol-induced liver injury by modulating the gut microbiota and metabolites, suggesting its potential as a functional food ingredient against alcoholic liver disease.…”
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Untargeted Fecal Metabolomic Analyses across an Industrialization Gradient Reveal Shared Metabolites and Impact of Industrialization on Fecal Microbiome-Metabolome Interactions by Jacob J. Haffner, Mitchelle Katemauswa, Thérèse S. Kagone, Ekram Hossain, David Jacobson, Karina Flores, Adwaita R. Parab, Alexandra J. Obregon-Tito, Raul Y. Tito, Luis Marin Reyes, Luzmila Troncoso-Corzo, Emilio Guija-Poma, Nicolas Meda, Hélène Carabin, Tanvi P. Honap, Krithivasan Sankaranarayanan, Cecil M. Lewis, Laura-Isobel McCall

“…We identified differential metabolite features such as amino acid-conjugated bile acids and urobilin as major metabolic correlates of these behavioral shifts. …”
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Different Diet Energy Levels Alter Body Condition, Glucolipid Metabolism, Fecal Microbiota and Metabolites in Adult Beagle Dogs by Haoran Sun, Qiaoru Zhang, Chao Xu, Aipeng Mao, Hui Zhao, Miao Chen, Weili Sun, Guangyu Li, Tietao Zhang

“…The fecal pH of the Le and He groups decreased at the end of the trial (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and we found that the profiles of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and bile acids (BAs) changed greatly, especially secondary BAs (<i>p</i> < 0.05). …”
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Intestinal microbiomics and liver metabolomics insights into the preventive effects of chromium (III)-enriched yeast on hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia induced by high-fat and hig... by Mei-Ting Wang, Wei-Ling Guo, Zi-Yi Yang, Feng Chen, Tian-Tian Lin, Wen-Long Li, Xu-Cong Lv, Ping-Fan Rao, Lian-Zhong Ai, Li Ni

“…Moreover, dietary YCr intervention regulated the mRNA levels of key genes associated with glucose, cholesterol, fatty acids and bile acids metabolism in liver. These findings suggest that dietary YCr intervention has beneficial effects on glucose and lipid metabolism by regulating intestinal microbiota and liver metabolic pathway, and thus can be served as a functional component to prevent hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia.…”
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Steroidogenic control of liver metabolism through a nuclear receptor-network by Alexandra Milona, Vittoria Massafra, Harmjan Vos, Jyoti Naik, Natalia Artigas, Helen A.B. Paterson, Ingrid T.G.W. Bijsmans, Ellen C.L. Willemsen, Jose M. Ramos Pittol, Irene Miguel-Aliaga, Piter Bosma, Boudewijn M.T. Burgering, Catherine Williamson, Santiago Vernia, Waljit S. Dhillo, Saskia W.C. van Mil, Bryn M. Owen

“…Keywords: FXR, FGF21, Bile acids, Liver, Metabolism, Fasting, Gluconeogenesis, Diabetes, Steroidogenesis, Cyp17a1…”
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Impact of long‐term administration of maralixibat on children with cholestasis secondary to Alagille syndrome by Benjamin L. Shneider, Catherine A. Spino, Binita M. Kamath, John C. Magee, Rosalinda V. Ignacio, Suiyuan Huang, Simon P. Horslen, Jean P. Molleston, Alexander G. Miethke, Rohit Kohli, Daniel H. Leung, M. Kyle Jensen, Kathleen M. Loomes, Saul J. Karpen, Cara Mack, Philip Rosenthal, Robert H. Squires, Alastair Baker, Sanjay Rajwal, Deirdre Kelly, Ronald J. Sokol, Richard J. Thompson, for ChiLDReN and UK IMAGO/IMAGINE Investigators

“…Abstract There is growing interest in, but limited data about, intestinal bile acid transport inhibitors as treatment for cholestatic liver disease. …”
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Study design for development of novel safety biomarkers of drug-induced liver injury by the translational safety biomarker pipeline (TransBioLine) consortium: a study protocol for... by Jane I. Grove, Camilla Stephens, M. Isabel Lucena, Raúl J. Andrade, Sabine Weber, Alexander Gerbes, Einar S. Bjornsson, Guido Stirnimann, Ann K. Daly, Matthias Hackl, Kseniya Khamina-Kotisch, Jose J. G. Marin, Maria J. Monte, Sara A. Paciga, Melanie Lingaya, Shiva S. Forootan, Christopher E. P. Goldring, Oliver Poetz, Rudolf Lombaard, Alexandra Stege, Helgi K. Bjorrnsson, Mercedes Robles-Diaz, Dingzhou Li, Thi Dong Binh Tran, Shashi K. Ramaiah, Sophia L. Samodelov, Gerd A. Kullak-Ublick, Guruprasad P. Aithal, on behalf of the TransBioLine consortium

“…Candidate biomarkers prioritised for evaluation include osteopontin, glutamate dehydrogenase, cytokeratin-18 (full length and caspase cleaved), macrophage-colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor and high mobility group protein B1 as well as bile acids, sphingolipids and microRNAs. The TransBioLine project is enabling biomarker discovery and validation that could improve detection, diagnostic accuracy and prognostication of DILI in premarketing clinical trials and for clinical healthcare application.…”
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The value of prospective metabolomic susceptibility endotypes: broad applicability for infectious diseasesResearch in context by Yulu Chen, Kevin Mendez, Sofina Begum, Emily Dean, Haley Chatelaine, John Braisted, Vrushali D. Fangal, Margaret Cote, Mengna Huang, Su H. Chu, Meryl Stav, Qingwen Chen, Nicole Prince, Rachel Kelly, Kenneth B. Christopher, Joann Diray-Arce, Ewy A. Mathé, Jessica Lasky-Su

“…We demonstrate the value of using metabolomic endotyping to identify a metabolically susceptible group for two–and potentially more–IDs that are driven by increases in specific amino acids, including microbial-related metabolites such as tryptophan, bile acids, histidine, polyamine, phenylalanine, and tyrosine metabolism, as well as carbohydrates involved in glycolysis. …”
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Low sphingolipid levels predict poor survival in patients with alcohol-related liver disease by Thit Mynster Kronborg, Qian Gao, Kajetan Trošt, Henriette Ytting, Malene Barfod O’Connell, Mikkel Parsberg Werge, Mira Thing, Lise Lotte Gluud, Ole Hamberg, Søren Møller, Thomas Moritz, Flemming Bendtsen, Nina Kimer

“…For metabolomics, total bile acids increased by 19.7, 31.3, and 80.4 in the ALC, ALC-A, and AH groups, respectively, compared with HC (all p <0.0001). …”
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Microbiota-induced lipid peroxidation impairs obeticholic acid-mediated antifibrotic effect towards nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in mice by Aoxiang Zhuge, Shengjie Li, Yin Yuan, Shengyi Han, Jiafeng Xia, Qiangqiang Wang, Shuting Wang, Pengcheng Lou, Bo Li, Lanjuan Li

“…Mechanically, Bacteroides enriched by OCA deconjugates tauro-conjugated bile acids to generate excessive chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), resulting in liver ROS accumulation. …”
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