Environmental factors shaping bacterial, archaeal and fungal community structure in hydrothermal sediments of Guaymas Basin, Gulf of California. by Gustavo A Ramírez, Paraskevi Mara, Taylor Sehein, Gunter Wegener, Christopher R Chambers, Samantha B Joye, Richard N Peterson, Aurélie Philippe, Gaëtan Burgaud, Virginia P Edgcomb, Andreas P Teske

“…Unexpectedly, chytrid sequence biosignatures are ubiquitous in surficial sediments whereas deeper sediments contain diverse yeasts and filamentous fungi. …”
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Impact of space weather on climate and habitability of terrestrial-type exoplanets by Airapetian, VS, Barnes, R, Cohen, O, Collinson, GA, Danchi, WC, Dong, CF, Del Genio, AD, France, K, Garcia-Sage, K, Glocer, A, Gopalswamy, N, Grenfell, JL, Gronoff, G, Güdel, M, Herbst, K, Henning, WG, Jackman, CH, Jin, M, Johnstone, CP, Kaltenegger, L, Kay, CD, Kobayashi, K, Kuang, W, Li, G, Lynch, BJ

“…The current progress in the detection of terrestrial-type exoplanets has opened a new avenue in the characterization of exoplanetary atmospheres and in the search for biosignatures of life with the upcoming ground-based and space missions. …”

Understanding and Predicting Antidepressant Response: Using Animal Models to Move Toward Precision Psychiatry by David P. Herzog, David P. Herzog, Holger Beckmann, Holger Beckmann, Klaus Lieb, Klaus Lieb, Soojin Ryu, Soojin Ryu, Marianne B. Müller, Marianne B. Müller

“…In contrast to studies in patients, animal models enable both searches for peripheral biosignatures predicting treatment response and in depth-analyses of the neurobiological pathways shaping individual antidepressant response in the brain. …”
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Functional connectivity of brain structures correlates with treatment outcome in Major Depressive Disorder by F. Andrew eKozel, Uma eRao, Hanzhang eLu, Paul A. Nakonezny, Paul A. Nakonezny, Bruce eGrannemann, Tamara eMcGregor, Paul E. Croarkin, Kimberly S. Mapes, Carol A Tamminga, Madhukar H. Trivedi

“…Identifying biosignatures to assess the probability of response to an antidepressant for patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is critically needed. …”
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Spectral Analysis of Clay-bearing Outcrops in Northern Xanthe Terra, Mars: Comparison with Oxia Planum, the Landing Site for the ExoMars Rover Mission by Jeremy Brossier, Francesca Altieri, Maria Cristina De Sanctis, Alessandro Frigeri, Marco Ferrari, Simone De Angelis, Andrea Apuzzo, the Ma_MISS team

“…Clay minerals detected on Mars are valuable targets to seek traces of life on the planet, where biosignatures might be preserved. Here, we report an in-depth spectral analysis of clay-rich outcrops identified in northern Xanthe Terra (300°–320° E, 10°–20° N). …”
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Identification of the gut microbiota biomarkers associated with heat cycle and failure to enter oestrus in gilts by Zhong Wang, Hao Fu, Yunyan Zhou, Min Yan, Dong Chen, Ming Yang, Shijun Xiao, Congying Chen, Lusheng Huang

“…We then identified bacterial biosignatures associated with the failure to show puberty in 163 gilts. …”
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Automated machine learning optimizes and accelerates predictive modeling from COVID-19 high throughput datasets by Georgios Papoutsoglou, Makrina Karaglani, Vincenzo Lagani, Naomi Thomson, Oluf Dimitri Røe, Ioannis Tsamardinos, Ekaterini Chatzaki

“…In conclusion, AutoML analysis led to multiple biosignatures of high predictive performance, with reduced features and large choice of alternative predictors. …”
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Survival-related genes are diversified across cancers but generally enriched in cancer hallmark pathways by Po-Wen Wang, Yi-Hsun Su, Po-Hao Chou, Ming-Yueh Huang, Ting-Wen Chen

“…Some of these features are significantly associated with clinical outcomes, and many prognosis-predictive biomarkers or biosignatures have been proposed for specific cancer types. …”
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High-Throughput Omics and Statistical Learning Integration for the Discovery and Validation of Novel Diagnostic Signatures in Colorectal Cancer by Nguyen Phuoc Long, Seongoh Park, Nguyen Hoang Anh, Tran Diem Nghi, Sang Jun Yoon, Jeong Hill Park, Johan Lim, Sung Won Kwon

“…Different random forests (RF)-based feature selection methods including the area under the curve (AUC)-RF, Boruta, and Vita were used and the diagnostic performance of the proposed biosignatures was benchmarked using RF, logistic regression, naïve Bayes, and k-nearest neighbors models. …”
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The Missing Link: Testing Galactic Chemical Evolution Models with the First Multi-isotopic Abundances in Solar Twin Stars by David R. Coria, Ian J. M. Crossfield, Joshua Lothringer, Becky Flores, Nikos Prantzos, Richard Freedman

“…This project constitutes the first in a stellar chemical abundance series seeking to (1) support the James Webb Space Telescope as it characterizes exoplanet atmospheres, interiors, and biosignatures by providing host star abundances; (2) identify how unexplored stellar abundances reveal the process of galactic chemical evolution and correlate with star formation, interior, age, metallicity, and activity; and (3) provide improved stellar ages using stellar abundance measurements. …”
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Host-Based Biomarkers in Saliva for the Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Children: A Mini-Review by Nisreen Khambati, Laura Olbrich, Laura Olbrich, Laura Olbrich, Jerrold Ellner, Padmini Salgame, Rinn Song, Rinn Song, Else Margreet Bijker

“…Given the lack of pediatric research on host biomarkers in saliva and the differing immune response to TB infection between children and adults, we recommend that pediatric studies are now performed to discover and validate salivary host biosignatures for diagnosing pulmonary TB in children. …”
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An Experimental Approach to Inform Venus Astrobiology Mission Design and Science Objectives by Daniel Duzdevich, Janusz J. Petkowski, William Bains, H. James Cleaves, Christopher E. Carr, Ewa I. Borowska, Armando Azua-Bustos, Morgan L. Cable, Graham E. Dorrington, David H. Grinspoon, Niels F. W. Ligterink, Andreas Riedo, Peter Wurz, Sara Seager

“…We cannot hope to travel to exoplanets in pursuit of other life even if we identify convincing biosignatures, but we do have direct access to planets and moons in our solar system. …”
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An Experimental Approach to Inform Venus Astrobiology Mission Design and Science Objectives by Duzdevich, Daniel, Petkowski, Janusz J., Bains, William, Cleaves, H. James, Carr, Christopher E., Borowska, Ewa I., Azua-Bustos, Armando, Cable, Morgan L., Dorrington, Graham E., Grinspoon, David H., Ligterink, Niels F. W., Riedo, Andreas, Wurz, Peter, Seager, Sara

“…We cannot hope to travel to exoplanets in pursuit of other life even if we identify convincing biosignatures, but we do have direct access to planets and moons in our solar system. …”
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A Subcritical Water Extractor Prototype for Potential Astrobiology Spaceflight Missions by F. Kehl, N. A. Kovarik, J. S. Creamer, E. T. daCosta, P. A. Willis

“…Abstract A top‐level NASA exploration goal is the search for signs of life beyond Earth. Molecular biosignatures can be sought via in situ organic chemical analyses of samples collected from planetary bodies. …”
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Hierarchical clustering by patient-reported pain distribution alone identifies distinct chronic pain subgroups differing by pain intensity, quality, and clinical outcomes by Benedict J. Alter, Nathan P. Anderson, Andrea G. Gillman, Qing Yin, Jong-Hyeon Jeong, Ajay D. Wasan

“…In the future, algorithmic clustering by pain distribution may be an important facet in chronic pain biosignatures developed for the personalization of pain management.…”
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Discriminating Aromatic Parent Compounds and Their Derivative Isomers in Ice Grains From Enceladus and Europa Using a Laboratory Analogue for Spaceborne Mass Spectrometers by N. Khawaja, T. R. O’Sullivan, F. Klenner, L. H. Sanchez, J. Hillier

“…This work will guide future investigations into elucidating the composition of isomeric biosignatures in ice grains, relevant for future space missions to Enceladus and Europa.…”
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Host cytokine responses induced after overnight stimulation with novel M. tuberculosis infection phase-dependent antigens show promise as diagnostic candidates for TB disease. by Paulin N Essone, Novel N Chegou, Andre G Loxton, Kim Stanley, Magdalena Kriel, Gian van der Spuy, Kees L Franken, Tom H Ottenhoff, Gerhard Walzl

“…Larger studies are required to validate these findings but the data suggest that antigen-specific cytokine production and in particular mutimarker biosignatures might contribute to future diagnostic strategies.…”
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Direct In-Situ Capture, Separation and Visualization of Biological Particles with Fluid-Screen in the Context of Venus Life Finder Mission Concept Study by Robert E. Weber, Janusz J. Petkowski, Monika U. Weber

“…Venus Life Finder (VLF) missions encompass unique mission concepts with specialized instruments to search for habitability indicators, biosignatures and even life itself. A key in the search for life is direct capture, concentration and visualization of particles of biological potential. …”
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Proteomic analysis of urine exosomes reveals renal tubule response to leptospiral colonization in experimentally infected rats. by Satish P RamachandraRao, Michael A Matthias, Chanthel Kokoy-Mondragon, Eamon Aghania, Cathleen Park, Casey Kong, Michelle Ishaya, Assael Madrigal, Jennifer Horng, Roni Khoshaba, Anousone Bounkhoun, Fabrizio Basilico, Antonella De Palma, Anna Maria Agresta, Linda Awdishu, Robert K Naviaux, Joseph M Vinetz, Pierluigi Mauri

“…The renal response to persistent leptospiral colonization, as measured by urinary protein biosignatures, has not been systematically studied. Urinary exosomes--bioactive membrane-bound nanovesicles--contain cell-state specific cargo that additively reflect formation all along the nephron. …”
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Serum and cerebrospinal fluid host proteins indicate stroke in children with tuberculous meningitis. by Charles M Manyelo, Novel N Chegou, James A Seddon, Candice I Snyders, Hygon Mutavhatsindi, Portia M Manngo, Gerhard Walzl, Kim Stanley, Regan S Solomons

“…CSF and serum protein biosignatures indicated stroke in children diagnosed with TBM with up to 100% sensitivity and 88.9% specificity.…”
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