Live Vaccinia Virus-Coated Microneedle Array Patches for Smallpox Vaccination and Stockpiling by In-Jeong Choi, Hye-Ran Cha, Su Jin Hwang, Seung-Ki Baek, Jae Myun Lee, Seong-O Choi

“…Although smallpox has been eradicated globally, the potential use of the smallpox virus in bioterrorism indicates the importance of stockpiling smallpox vaccines. …”
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Multi-epitope mRNA Vaccine Design that Exploits Variola Virus and Monkeypox Virus Proteins for Elicitation of Long-lasting Humoral and Cellular Protection Against Severe Disease by Dženan Kovačić, Adna Salihović

“…Furthermore, the cross-continental spread of monkeypox has reaffirmed the need for devoting attention to human poxviruses in general, as they represent potential bioterrorism agents. Currently, smallpox vaccines are utilized in immunization efforts against monkeypox, an unsurprising fact considering their genomic and phenotypic similarities. …”
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Functional characterization of WalRK: A two-component signal transduction system from Bacillus anthracis by Alisha Dhiman, Sonika Bhatnagar, Parul Kulshreshtha, Rakesh Bhatnagar

“…Bacillus anthracis, the causative agent of anthrax and a bioterrorism agent, harbours 41 pairs of TCS. However, their role in its pathogenicity has remained largely unexplored. …”
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Assessment of the Application of Erythrocytal Diagnosticum (Lyophilizate) in Detecting Tularemia Agent in Natural Foci by A. G. Koshkid’ko, S. A. Kurcheva, I. V. Zharnikova, A. A. Zaitsev, O. A. Gnusareva, O. L. Startseva, A. Yu. Gazieva, E. V. Zhdanova, T. V. Zharnikova, D. V. Rusanova

“…Tularemia is a zoonotic disease with a wide geographical dissemination, and its causative agent Francisella tularensis can be used as a bioterrorism agent. The aim of the study was to evaluate the use of a set of reagents “Erythrocytic immunoglobulin dry tularemia diagnosticum” (“DET-Ig”) with the help of control test strains and field material from natural tularemia foci. …”
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Simple technique for in field samples collection in the cases of skin rash illness and subsequent PCR detection of orthopoxviruses and varicella zoster virus. by Catherine Dumont, Leonid M Irenge, Edmond K Magazani, Daniel Garin, Jean-Jacques T Muyembe, Mostafa Bentahir, Jean-Luc Gala

“…CONCLUSION: This experience of rapid on-site dual use DNA-based differential diagnosis of rash illnesses demonstrates the potential of combining tests specifically identifying bioterrorism agents and agents causing natural outbreaks. …”
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Anthrax Edema and Lethal Toxins Differentially Target Human Lung and Blood Phagocytes by Vineet I. Patel, J. Leland Booth, Mikhail Dozmorov, Brent R. Brown, Jordan P. Metcalf

“…<i>Bacillus anthracis</i>, the causative agent of inhalation anthrax, is a serious concern as a bioterrorism weapon. The vegetative form produces two exotoxins: Lethal toxin (LT) and edema toxin (ET). …”
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Long-Term Pulmonary Damage in Surviving Antitoxin-Treated Mice following a Lethal Ricin Intoxication by Yoav Gal, Anita Sapoznikov, Shlomi Lazar, David Shoseyov, Moshe Aftalion, Hila Gutman, Yentl Evgy, Rellie Gez, Reinat Nevo, Reut Falach

“…Ricin, a highly potent plant-derived toxin, is considered a potential bioterrorism weapon due to its pronounced toxicity, high availability, and ease of preparation. …”
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Lethality in a murine model of pulmonary anthrax is reduced by combining nuclear transport modifier with antimicrobial therapy. by Ruth Ann Veach, Jozef Zienkiewicz, Robert D Collins, Jacek Hawiger

“…BACKGROUND:In the last ten years, bioterrorism has become a serious threat and challenge to public health worldwide. …”
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Pathology and Pathogenesis of Brain Lesions Produced by <i>Clostridium perfringens</i> Type D Epsilon Toxin by John W. Finnie, Francisco A. Uzal

“…ETX has also been internationally listed as a potential bioterrorism agent. Although there are no confirmed human cases of ETX intoxication, the relatively wide species susceptibility to this toxin and its high toxicity mean it is likely that human populations would also be vulnerable to its neurotoxic actions. …”
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Preclinical testing of a vaccine candidate against tularemia. by Ragavan Varadharajan Suresh, Zhuo Ma, Raju Sunagar, Vivek Bhatty, Sukalyani Banik, Sally V Catlett, Edmund J Gosselin, Meenakshi Malik, Chandra Shekhar Bakshi

“…The history weaponization of Ft in the past has elevated concerns that it could be used as a bioweapon or an agent of bioterrorism. Since the discovery of Ft, three broad approaches adopted for tularemia vaccine development have included inactivated, live attenuated, or subunit vaccines. …”
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Physicochemical Evidence that <i>Francisella</i> FupA and FupB Proteins Are Porins by Claire Siebert, Corinne Mercier, Donald K. Martin, Patricia Renesto, Beatrice Schaack

“…Responsible for tularemia, <i>Francisella tularensis</i> bacteria are highly infectious Gram-negative, category A bioterrorism agents. The molecular mechanisms for their virulence and resistance to antibiotics remain largely unknown. …”
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ASM LabCap’s contributions to disease surveillance and the International Health Regulations (2005) by Hakiruwizera Celestin, Schuermann Lily, Specter Steven, Sow Mah-Séré

“…As more countries move toward implementation and/or strengthening of their infectious disease surveillance programs, the strengthening of clinical microbiology laboratories becomes increasingly important because they serve as the first line responders to detect new and emerging microbial threats, re-emerging infectious diseases, the spread of antibiotic resistance, and the possibility of bioterrorism. In fact, IHR(2005) Core Capacity #8, “Laboratory”, requires that laboratory services be a part of every phase of alert and response.…”
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A Systematic Review of the Arthropod-Borne Rickettsial Diseases with a Special Emphasis on Iran by Aboozar Soltani, Fatemeh Borouji, Sanam Abdollahi, Arefe-sadat Pourtabatabaei

“…These infections are also important because of their possible use as bioterrorism agents. In this study, we investigated arthropod-borne rickettsial diseases. …”
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<i>Brucella</i> Phagocytosis Mediated by Pathogen-Host Interactions and Their Intracellular Survival by Tran X. N. Huy, Trang T. Nguyen, Heejin Kim, Alisha W. B. Reyes, Suk Kim

“…Furthermore, <i>Brucella</i> is classified as a category B bioterrorism agent. Although the mortality of brucellosis is low, the pathogens are persistent in mammalian hosts and result in chronic infection. …”
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Rapid, Sensitive and Reliable Ricin Identification in Serum Samples Using LC–MS/MS by Liron Feldberg, Eytan Elhanany, Orly Laskar, Ofir Schuster

“…The widespread availability of ricin, its ease of extraction and its extreme toxicity make it an ideal agent for bioterrorism and self-poisoning. Thus, a rapid, sensitive and reliable method for ricin identification in clinical samples is required for applying appropriate and timely medical intervention. …”
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Increasing Awareness of Disaster Preparedness: Online Modules for Pre-Clerkship Medical Students by Laryssa A. Patti, Norma Saks

“…Abstract Introduction In 2003, the Expert Panel on Bioterrorism Education for Medical Students, an inter-professional task force convened by the Association of American Medical Colleges, recommended the inclusion of disaster preparedness training in the medical student curriculum. …”
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Apolipoprotein E levels in the amygdala and prefrontal cortex predict relative regional brain volumes in irradiated Rhesus macaques by Payel Kundu, Benjamin Zimmerman, Ruby Perez, Christopher T. Whitlow, J. Mark Cline, John D. Olson, Rachel N. Andrews, Jacob Raber

“…This is important for assessing risk to the brain following radiotherapy as part of cancer treatment or environmental radiation exposure as part of a nuclear accident, bioterrorism, or a nuclear attack. In this study, we investigated the effects of ionizing radiation on brain volumes and apoE levels in the prefrontal cortex, amygdala, and hippocampus of Rhesus macaques that were part of the Nonhuman Primate Radiation Survivor Cohort at the Wake Forest University. …”
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Information technologies for data collection and processing when establishing determinants of epidemic processes by A.V. Bogomolov, S.S. Chikova, T.V. Zueva

“…Providing biological safety of population is determined by a current situation with the state sanitary-epidemiologic system and its being ready to detect, localize and eliminate infective episodes. As threats of bioterrorism attacks against people are growing and infectious diseases are becoming more widely spread, it calls for greater efficiency of sanitary-epidemiologic ex-aminations due to optimized collection and processing of data that are necessary for decision making related to revealing basic determinants of an epidemic process, as well as causes and conditions for infection occurrence and spread. …”
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أخلاقيات الاستعداد والاستجابة لجائحة كورونا عند بروس جينينجس الإشكاليات الأخلاقية والحلول العملية... by هدى محمد عبد الرحمن جاب الله

“…Abstract Bruce Jennings discussed the origin of the Corona pandemic and considered it a health pandemic and a global health emergency, and saw that it was due to environmental degradation; He ruled out the scenario of bioterrorism. He tried to find theoretical philosophical solutions represented in emphasizing the pivotal role of philosophy and ethics and presenting ethical principles that should guide decision makers in health policies. …”
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<i>Bacillus anthracis</i> infections – new possibilities of treatment by Dorota Żakowska, Michał Bartoszcze, Marcin Niemcewicz, Agata Bielawska-Drózd, Józef Knap, Piotr Cieślik, Krzysztof Chomiczewski, Janusz Kocik

“…Introduction and objective <i>Bacillus anthracis</i> is one of biological agents which may be used in bioterrorism attacks. The aim of this study a review of the new treatment possibilities of anthrax, with particular emphasis on the treatment of pulmonary anthrax. …”
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