Blockchain-Based Software Effort Estimation: An Empirical Study by Mansoor Ahmed, Naeem Iqbal, Faraz Hussain, Murad-Ali Khan, Markus Helfert, Imran, Jungsuk Kim

“…Software development effort estimation is the foundation for project bidding, budgeting, planning, and cost control. Problem: The literature shows that a lot of work has been done on software effort estimation. …”
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Monitoring Ground Surface Deformation of Ice-Wedge Polygon Areas in Saskylakh, NW Yakutia, Using Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) and Google Earth Engine (GEE) by Wenhui Wang, Huijun Jin, Ze Zhang, Mikhail N. Zhelezniak, Valentin V. Spektor, Raul-David Șerban, Anyuan Li, Vladimir Tumskoy, Xiaoying Jin, Suiqiao Yang, Shengrong Zhang, Xiaoying Li, Mihaela Șerban, Qingbai Wu, Yanan Wen

“…Thus, a better understanding of the spatiotemporal dynamics and evolution of IWPs is key to evaluating the hydrothermal state and carbon budgets of the arctic permafrost environment. In this paper, the dynamics of ground surface deformation (GSD) in IWP zones (2018–2019) and their influencing factors over the last 20 years in Saskylakh, northwestern Yakutia, Russia were investigated using the Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) and Google Earth Engine (GEE). …”
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Comparison and Validation of Ichthyoplankton DNA Extraction Methods by Diouri Lamia, Uwiringiyeyezu Théophile, Abdelouahab Hinde, Malki Mohamed, Baibai Tarik, Soukri Abdelaziz

“…The results showed that extraction by our heat-protocol for direct PCR (Hp-dPCR) presents the simplest and cheapest protocol of all the kits used in this study, providing a sufficient quantity and quality of nucleic acids to be used for PCR amplification, and being within the reach of third world laboratories that often do not have sufficiently large budgets to obtain automated kits.…”
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Changes in precipitation and air temperature contribute comparably to permafrost degradation in a warmer climate by Zelalem A Mekonnen, William J Riley, Robert F Grant, Vladimir E Romanovsky

“…Surface energy budgets of high-latitude permafrost systems are poorly represented in Earth system models (ESMs), yet permafrost is rapidly degrading and these dynamics are critical to future carbon-climate feedback predictions. …”
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Costs of Providing HIV Self-Test Kits to Pregnant Women Living with HIV for Secondary Distribution to Male Partners in Uganda by Michelle A. Bulterys, Andrew Mujugira, Agnes Nakyanzi, Miriam Nampala, Geoffrey Taasi, Connie Celum, Monisha Sharma

“…Costs (2019 USD) were collected from program budgets, expenditure records, time and motion observations, and staff interviews and estimated for three scenarios: as-studied, reflecting full costs of the research intervention, Ministry of Health (MOH) implementation, reflecting the research intervention if implemented by the MOH, and MOH roll-out, the current strategy being used to roll out HIVST distribution. …”
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The Effect of Nonionic Surfactants on the Kinetics of Methane Hydrate Formation in Multiphase System by Khor Siak Foo, Omar Nashed, Bhajan Lal, Cornelius Borecho Bavoh, Azmi Mohd Shariff, Raj Deo Tewari

“…Due to the unsatisfactory performance of the traditional inhibitors, novel effective inhibitors are needed to replace the existing ones for safe operations within constrained budgets. This work presents experimental and modeling studies on the effects of nonionic surfactants as kinetic hydrate inhibitors. …”
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Identification and Ranking of Factors Affecting the Delay Risk of High-Rise Construction Projects Using AHP and VIKOR Methods by Mehran Vahedi Nikbakht, Mohammad Gheibi, Hassan Montazeri, Reza Yeganeh Khaksar, Reza Moezzi, Amir Vadiee

“…Construction projects, especially those for commercial purposes, require thorough planning and control to ensure success within predetermined budgets and timelines. This research, conducted in Mashhad, Iran, employs the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and VIKOR methods to identify and rank factors influencing delays in high-rise projects. …”
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Localized Climate and Surface Energy Flux Alterations across an Urban Gradient in the Central U.S. by Jason A. Hubbart, Elliott Kellner, Lynne Hooper, Anthony R. Lupo, Patrick S. Market, Patrick E. Guinan, Kirsten Stephan, Neil I. Fox, Bohumil M. Svoma

“…Results of analysis of net radiation and soil heat flux data suggest distinct localized alterations in urban energy budgets due to land use intensity. Study results hold important implications for urban planners and land managers seeking to improve and implement better urban management practices. …”
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Nutrition Meets Social Marketing: Targeting Health Promotion Campaigns to Young Adults Using the Living and Eating for Health Segments by Clare F. Dix, Linda Brennan, Mike Reid, Tracy A. McCaffrey, Annika Molenaar, Amy Barklamb, Shinyi Chin, Helen Truby

“…Tailoring health promotions to the perceived needs of sub-groups or segments of young adults should lead to increased engagement and uptake of messages and cost-efficient use of health promotion budgets.…”
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Anthropogenic Emission Scenarios over Europe with the WRF-CHIMERE-v2020 Models: Impact of Duration and Intensity of Reductions on Surface Concentrations during the Winter of 2015 by Arineh Cholakian, Bertrand Bessagnet, Laurent Menut, Romain Pennel, Sylvain Mailler

“…Coupling effects are explored and the impact of PM concentrations on the radiative and thermodynamic budgets is quantified. Scenarios are repeated both with different durations and different intensities and the most efficient configuration leading to exceedances reduction is discussed.…”
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Fields of interest and demands for a digital proving ground twin by Nils Katzorke, Céline Vinçon, Petr Kolar, Heiner Lasi

“…The results are highly relevant to strategists and managers that determine the development of automated driving systems by establishing policies or assigning investment budgets.…”
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Aboveground Biomass Distribution in a Multi-Use Savannah Landscape in Southeastern Kenya: Impact of Land Use and Fences by Edward Amara, Hari Adhikari, Janne Heiskanen, Mika Siljander, Martha Munyao, Patrick Omondi, Petri Pellikka

“…Savannahs provide valuable ecosystem services and contribute to continental and global carbon budgets. In addition, savannahs exhibit multiple land uses, e.g., wildlife conservation, pastoralism, and crop farming. …”
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The Scientific Measurement System of the Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory (GRAIL) Mission by Kruizinga, Gerhard, Paik, Meegyeong, Yuan, Dah-Ning, Fahnestock, Eugene, Strekalov, Dmitry, Harvey, Nate, Lu, Wenwen, Kahan, Daniel, Oudrhiri, Kamal, Smith, David E, Zuber, Maria T, Asmar, Sami W., Konopliv, Alexander S., Watkins, Michael M., Williams, James G., Park, Ryan S., Zuber, Maria, Smith, David Edmund

“…All simulations and modeling took into account the design and configuration of each element to compute the expected performance and error budgets. In the process, scientific requirements were converted to engineering specifications that became the primary drivers for development and testing. …”
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The role of mixed-layer instabilities in submesoscale turbulence by Callies, Joern, Flierl, Glenn Richard, Ferrari, Raffaele, Fox-Kemper, Baylor

“…Upper-ocean turbulence at scales smaller than the mesoscale is believed to exchange surface and thermocline waters, which plays an important role in both physical and biogeochemical budgets. But what energizes this submesoscale turbulence remains a topic of debate. …”
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Nitrogen cost minimization is promoted by structural changes in the transcriptome of N-deprived Prochlorococcus cells by Read, Robert W, Neveux, Iva, Grzymski, Joseph J, Berube, Paul M., Biller, Steven, Cubillos, Andres Fernando, Chisholm, Sallie (Penny)

“…We predicted that transcriptional regulation might further reduce cellular N budgets during transient N limitation. To explore this, we compared transcription start sites (TSSs) in Prochlorococcus MED4 under N-deprived and N-replete conditions. …”
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Trends in continental temperature and humidity directly linked to ocean warming by Byrne, Michael Patrick, O'Gorman, Paul

“…An emerging body of research has shown how constraints from atmospheric dynamics and moisture budgets are important for projected future land–ocean contrasts, but these ideas have not been used to investigate temperature and humidity records over recent decades. …”
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Design of a high-throughput distributed shared-buffer NoC router by Ramanujam, Rohit Sunkam, Soteriou, Vassos, Lin, Bill, Peh, Li-Shiuan

“…However, a direct implementation of an OBR requires a router speedup equal to the number of ports, making such a design prohibitive under aggressive clocking needs and limited power budgets of most NoC applications. In this paper, we propose a new router design that aims to emulate an OBR practically, based on a distributed shared-buffer (DSB) router architecture. …”
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Coupled Sea Ice–Ocean-State Estimation in the Labrador Sea and Baffin Bay by Fenty, Ian, Heimbach, Patrick

“…The utility of the state estimate is demonstrated in an analysis of energy and buoyancy budgets in the marginal ice zone (MIZ). In mid-March the system achieves a state of quasi-equilibrium during which net ice growth and melt approaches zero; newly formed ice diverges from coastal areas and converges via wind and ocean forcing in the MIZ. …”
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Hydrological Cycles over the Congo and Upper Blue Nile Basins: Evaluation of General Circulation Model Simulations and Reanalysis Products by Demory, Marie-Estelle, Eltahir, Elfatih A. B., Siam, Mohamed Salah

“…Among the ECMWF Interim Re-Analysis (ERA-Interim), NCEP–NCAR reanalysis, and 40-yr ECWMF Re-Analysis (ERA-40), ERA-Interim shows the best performance over these basins: it balances the water budgets and accurately represents the seasonal cycle of the hydrological variables. …”
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On the Importance of Surface Forcing in Conceptual Models of the Deep Ocean by Stewart, Andrew L., Ferrari, Raffaele, Thompson, Andrew F.

“…This latter point is crucial as buoyancy budgets and dynamical features of the circulation are poorly constrained along the Antarctic margins. …”
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