Estimation of radiobiologic parameters and equivalent radiation dose of cytotoxic chemotherapy in malignant glioma. by Jones, B, Sanghera, P

“…CONCLUSION: The radiobiologic parameters for human high-grade gliomas can be estimated from clinical trials and could be used to inform future clinical trials, particularly combined modality treatments with newer forms of radiotherapy. Other incurable cancers should be studied using similar radiobiologic analysis.…”

Whole-grain intake of British young people aged 4-18 years. by Thane, C, Jones, A, Stephen, A, Seal, C, Jebb, SA

“…Inverse associations between whole-grain food consumption and risk of CVD, some cancers and type 2 diabetes have been reported. However, there are few reports of whole-grain intake, particularly among young people. …”

Investigating the regulation and functioning of RNT-1 and BRO-1 in C. elegans by Brabin, C

“…RUNX genes and CBFβ are important regulators of stem cell development in mammals, and are associated with a variety of cancers. The worm seam cell model offers an opportunity to examine how these genes function in stem cell biology. …”

A peptide filtering relation quantifies MHC class I peptide optimization by Dalchau, N, Phillips, A, Goldstein, L, Howarth, M, Cardelli, L, Emmott, S, Elliot, T, Werner, J

“…Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class I molecules enable cytotoxic T lymphocytes to destroy virus-infected or cancerous cells, thereby preventing disease progression. …”

Adenoviral vaccine induction of CD8+ T cell memory inflation: Impact of co-infection and infection order. by Lee, L, Bolinger, B, Banki, Z, de Lara, C, Highton, A, Colston, J, Hutchings, C, Klenerman, P

“…These phenomena are relevant to the development of adenoviral vectors as novel vaccination strategies for diverse infections and cancers. (241 words).…”

Three−dimensional visualisation of lymphatic drainage patterns in patients with cutaneous melanoma by Reynolds, H, Dunbar, P, Uren, R, Blackett, S, Thompson, J, Smith, N

“…The heat maps and the interactive software could be a new resource for clinicians to use in preoperative discussions with patients with melanoma and other skin cancers that can metastasise to the lymph nodes, and could be used in the identification of sentinel lymph-node fields during follow-up of such patients.…”

Methylation-directed acetylation of histone H3 regulates developmental sensitivity to histone deacetylase inhibition by Huang, L-Y, Hsu, D-W, Pears, CJ

“…Hydroxamate-based lysine deacetylase inhibitors (KDACis) are approved for clinical use against certain cancers. However, intrinsic and acquired resistance presents a major problem. …”

Serous tubal intraepithelial carcinomas associated with high-grade serous ovarian carcinomas: a systematic review. by Chen, F, Gaitskell, K, Garcia, M, Albukhari, A, Tsaltas, J, Ahmed, A

“…STICs were rarely found in other gynaecological cancers. Small sample size, lack of objective criteria to identify STICs and the retrospective nature of the studies contributed to the variability in reporting the rate of the association.…”

An allele of IKZF1 (Ikaros) conferring susceptibility to childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia protects against type 1 diabetes. by Swafford, A, Howson, J, Davison, L, Wallace, C, Smyth, D, Schuilenburg, H, Maisuria-Armer, M, Mistry, T, Lenardo, M, Todd, J

“…Our finding strengthens the link between autoimmunity and lymphoid cancers. Further investigation is warranted for the genetic effect marked by rs10272724, its impact on IKZF1, and the role of Ikaros and other family members, Ailios (IKZF3) and Eos (IKZF4), in autoimmunity.…”

6-thioguanine selectively kills BRCA2-defective tumors and overcomes PARP inhibitor resistance. by Issaeva, N, Thomas, H, Djureinovic, T, Djurenovic, T, Jaspers, J, Stoimenov, I, Kyle, S, Pedley, N, Gottipati, P, Zur, R, Sleeth, K, Chatzakos, V, Mulligan, E, Lundin, C, Gubanova, E, Kersbergen, A, Harris, A, Sharma, R, Rottenberg, S, Curtin, N, Helleday, T

“…Familial breast and ovarian cancers are often defective in homologous recombination (HR) due to mutations in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes. …”

A peptide filtering relation quantifies MHC class I peptide optimization. by Dalchau, N, Phillips, A, Goldstein, L, Howarth, M, Cardelli, L, Emmott, S, Elliott, T, Werner, J

“…Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class I molecules enable cytotoxic T lymphocytes to destroy virus-infected or cancerous cells, thereby preventing disease progression. …”

Matrix metalloproteinase 9 promoter activity is induced coincident with invasion during tumor progression. by Kupferman, M, Fini, M, Muller, W, Weber, R, Cheng, Y, Muschel, R

“…Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9, also known as gelatinase B or 92-kd Type IV collagenase) is overexpressed in many human and murine cancers. We induced carcinomas in mice carrying a transgene that links the MMP-9 promoter to the reporter ss-galactosidase so that activation of the MMP-9 promoter would be indicated by ss-galactosidase. …”

F-box and WD repeat domain-containing 7 regulates intestinal cell lineage commitment and is a haploinsufficient tumor suppressor. by Sancho, R, Jandke, A, Davis, H, Diefenbacher, M, Tomlinson, I, Behrens, A

“…Increased Notch activity was also observed in human tumors carrying heterozygous fbw7 mutations, suggesting that fbw7 haploinsufficiency for antagonizing Notch activity is conserved between human and murine cancers. CONCLUSIONS: Fbw7 regulates intestinal biology and tumorigenesis by controlling the abundance of different substrates in a dose-dependent fashion, providing a molecular explanation for the heterozygous mutations of fbw7 observed in human colorectal carcinoma.…”

MicroRNA expression distinguishes between germinal center B cell-like and activated B cell-like subtypes of diffuse large B cell lymphoma. by Lawrie, C, Soneji, S, Marafioti, T, Cooper, C, Palazzo, S, Paterson, J, Cattan, H, Enver, T, Mager, R, Boultwood, J, Wainscoat, J, Hatton, C

“…As we also demonstrate that expression of microRNAs can be measured reliably from routine paraffin-embedded biopsies of more than 8-years-old (p < 0.001), we suggest that microRNAs could be clinically useful molecular markers for DLBCL as well as other cancers.…”

Characterising the Notch-ligand binding interaction, and its modulation by glycosylation by Taylor, P, Paul Taylor

“…Several developmental diseases are associated with defective Notch signalling, and the Notch pathway has been implicated in a growing number of cancers.</p> <p>The Notch signalling pathway requires direct cell-cell contact for ligand binding and receptor activation to occur. …”

ENPP1 processes protein ADP-ribosylation in vitro. by Palazzo, L, Daniels, C, Nettleship, J, Rahman, N, McPherson, R, Ong, S, Kato, K, Nureki, O, Leung, A, Ahel, I

“…Hence, dysregulation of ADP-ribosylation is linked to the physiopathology of several human diseases including cancers, diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders. …”

Prognostic factors in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: the importance of age, sex and response to treatment in survival. A report from the MRC CLL 1 trial. MRC Working Party on Leuka... by Catovsky, D, Fooks, J, Richards, S

“…As the majority of CLL patients are elderly we have examined the causes of death in great detail. 29% of deaths were unrelated to CLL, mainly other cancers (12%) and cardiovascular complications (16%). …”

The estrogen receptor-alpha-induced microRNA signature regulates itself and its transcriptional response. by Castellano, L, Giamas, G, Jacob, J, Coombes, R, Lucchesi, W, Thiruchelvam, P, Barton, G, Jiao, L, Wait, R, Waxman, J, Hannon, G, Stebbing, J

“…The clinical implications of this novel regulatory system were confirmed by demonstrating that pre-miR-18a was significantly upregulated in ERalpha-positive compared to ERalpha-negative breast cancers. Mechanistically, miRNAs derived from these paralogous pri-miRNAs (miR-18a, miR-19b, and miR-20b) target and downregulate ERalpha, while a subset of pri-miRNA-derived miRNAs inhibit protein translation of the ERalpha transcriptional p160 coactivator, AIB1. …”

The scaffold protein Ajuba suppresses CdGAP activity in epithelia to maintain stable cell-cell contacts by McCormack, J, Bruche, S, Ouadda, A, Ishii, H, Lu, H, Garcia-Cattaneo, A, Chávez-Olórtegui, C, Lamarche-Vane, N, Braga, V

“…Functionally, CdGAP-Ajuba interaction maintains junctional integrity in homeostasis and diseases: (i) gain-of-function CdGAP mutants found in Adams-Oliver Syndrome patients strongly destabilize cell-cell contacts and (ii) CdGAP mRNA levels are inversely correlated with E-cadherin protein expression in different cancers. We present conceptual insights on how Ajuba can integrate CdGAP binding and inactivation with the spatio-temporal regulation of Rac1 activity at junctions. …”

Severe polyposis in Apc(1322T) mice is associated with submaximal Wnt signalling and increased expression of the stem cell marker Lgr5. by Lewis, A, Segditsas, S, Deheragoda, M, Pollard, P, Jeffery, R, Nye, E, Lockstone, H, Davis, H, Clark, S, Stamp, G, Poulsom, R, Wright, N, Tomlinson, I

“… BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) is a tumour suppressor gene mutated in the germline of patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and somatically in most colorectal cancers. APC mutations impair β-catenin degradation, resulting in increased Wnt signalling. …”