M1-derived extracellular vesicles polarize recipient macrophages into M2-like macrophages and alter skeletal muscle homeostasis in a hyper-glucose environment by Stefano Tacconi, Francesco Vari, Carolina Sbarigia, Diana Vardanyan, Serena Longo, Francesco Mura, Federica Angilè, Audrey Jalabert, Ferninand Blangero, Assia Eljaafari, Laurence Canaple, Daniele Vergara, Francesco Paolo Fanizzi, Marco Rossi, Claire Crola Da Silva, Elizabeth Errazuriz-Cerda, Christel Cassin, Rienk Nieuwland, Anna Maria Giudetti, Sophie Rome, Luciana Dini

“…Methods THP1-macrophages were treated with 15mM (MG15) or 30mM (MG30) glucose. Then, M1/M2 canonical markers, pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, activities of proteins involved in glycolysis or oxidative phosphorylation were evaluated. …”
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Single-molecule study reveals Hmo1, not Hho1, promotes chromatin assembly in budding yeast by Mengxue Wang, Jinghua Li, Yong Wang, Hang Fu, Haoning Qiu, Yanying Li, Ming Li, Ying Lu, Yu Vincent Fu

“…Our data suggest that Hmo1, but not Hho1, possesses some functionality similar to that of linker histone in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, even though some properties of Hmo1 differ from those of a canonical linker histone H1. Our study provides clues for the linker histone H1 in budding yeast and provides insights into the evolution and diversity of histone H1 across eukaryotes. …”
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Improved Method for Extracting Nitrites in Soil by Yaqi Song, Dianming Wu, Peter Dörsch, Lanting Yue, Lingling Deng, Chengsong Liao, Zhimin Sha, Wenxu Dong, Yuanchun Yu

“…Soil nitrite (NO₂⁻) is an important reactive intermediate in many nitrogen transformation processes, but it is unstable under acidic conditions and may be lost as gaseous N. The canonical extraction method of soil NO₂⁻ using a potassium chloride (KCl) solution greatly underestimates its concentration. …”
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Research-based flow cytometry assays for pathogenic assessment in the human B-cell biology of gene variants revealed in the diagnosis of inborn errors of immunity: a Bruton’s tyros... by L. del Pino-Molina, L. del Pino-Molina, L. Y. Bravo Gallego, L. Y. Bravo Gallego, Y. Soto Serrano, K. Reche Yebra, J. Marty Lobo, B. González Martínez, M. Bravo García-Morato, M. Bravo García-Morato, M. Bravo García-Morato, R. Rodríguez Pena, R. Rodríguez Pena, R. Rodríguez Pena, M. van der Burg, E. López Granados, E. López Granados, E. López Granados

“…Lastly, we explored the potential impact of the variant protein for downstream Btk signaling in B cells. Within the canonical nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation pathway, normal IκBα degradation occurs after CD40L stimulation in patient and control cells. …”
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Seasonal dynamics survey and association analysis of microbiota communities, antibiotic resistance genes distribution, and biotoxicities characterization in landfill-leachate by Lijuan Liu, Lu Shi, Pu Li, Xinxin Ma, Xinyao Hou, Sijin Jiang, Jia Lv, Hongmei Xu, Yue Cheng, Bei Han

“…Methods: On the basis of the leachate water quality monitoring data from January to December 2020, principal component analysis (PCA) was used to identify the main pollutants in the leachate; Vibrio fischeri luminescence inhibition test was used to detect the comprehensive biotoxicity of the leachate; 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing was used for leachate microbiota. q-PCR was used to detect the class 1 integron (intI1), and eight antibiotic resistance genes (sul1, sul2, tetA, tetB, tetM, tetQ, mefA, and mexF); Canonical correspondence (CCA) analysis was carried out for the association analysis. …”
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Nuclear import receptors are recruited by FG-nucleoporins to rescue hallmarks of TDP-43 proteinopathy by Bilal Khalil, Deepak Chhangani, Melissa C. Wren, Courtney L. Smith, Jannifer H. Lee, Xingli Li, Christian Puttinger, Chih-Wei Tsai, Gael Fortin, Dmytro Morderer, Junli Gao, Feilin Liu, Chun Kim Lim, Jingjiao Chen, Ching-Chieh Chou, Cara L. Croft, Amanda M. Gleixner, Christopher J. Donnelly, Todd E. Golde, Leonard Petrucelli, Björn Oskarsson, Dennis W. Dickson, Ke Zhang, James Shorter, Shige H. Yoshimura, Sami J. Barmada, Diego E. Rincon-Limas, Wilfried Rossoll

“…Conclusion Our findings suggest a novel NLS-independent mechanism where, analogous to its canonical role in dissolving the diffusion barrier formed by FG-Nups in the nuclear pore, KPNB1 is recruited into TDP-43/FG-Nup co-aggregates present in TDP-43 proteinopathies and therapeutically reverses their deleterious phase transition and mislocalization, mitigating neurodegeneration. …”
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Proteomic and phosphoproteomic characterization of cardiovascular tissues after long term exposure to simulated space radiation by Yared H. Kidane, Franklin H. Lee, Matthew F. Smith, Chunbo Wang, Jacqueline Barbera Mirza, Saachi Sharma, Alejandro A. Lobo, Krish C. Dewan, Jengwei Chen, Jengwei Chen, Thomas E. Diaz, Michelle Mendiola Pla, Matthew W. Foster, Dawn E. Bowles

“…A Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) technique that assesses canonical pathways from BIOCARTA, KEGG, PID, REACTOME, and WikiPathways revealed significant perturbation in pathways in each data set. …”
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Mitochondrial GCN5L1 regulates glutaminase acetylation and hepatocellular carcinoma by Taotao Zhang, Yunlong Cui, Yanjin Wu, Jiahui Meng, Linmeng Han, Jiaqi Zhang, Chunyu Zhang, Chenxi Yang, Lu Chen, Xue Bai, Kai Zhang, Kaiyuan Wu, Michael N. Sack, Lingdi Wang, Lu Zhu

“…Interestingly, liver–enriched glutaminase 2 (GLS2) appears to play a greater role than ubiquitous and canonical tumour–enriched glutaminase 1 (GLS1) in promoting murine HCC. …”
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MiR-455-3p inhibits gastric cancer progression by repressing Wnt/β-catenin signaling through binding to ARMC8 by Ting Zhan, Mengge Chen, Weijie Liu, Zheng Han, Qingxi Zhu, Meng Liu, Jie Tan, Jiaxi Liu, Xiaoli Chen, Xia Tian, Xiaodong Huang

“…We also observed that miR-455-3p repressed canonical Wnt pathway activation by binding to ARMC8. …”
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Organotypic 3D Cell-Architecture Impacts the Expression Pattern of miRNAs–mRNAs Network in Breast Cancer SKBR3 Cells by María de los Ángeles Gastélum-López, Maribel Aguilar-Medina, Cristina García Mata, Jorge López-Gutiérrez, Geovanni Romero-Quintana, Mercedes Bermúdez, Mariana Avendaño-Felix, César López-Camarillo, Carlos Pérez-Plascencia, Adriana S Beltrán, Rosalío Ramos-Payán

“…These genes are involved in 150 gene ontology (GO) biological processes such as regulation of cell morphogenesis, regulation of cell shape, regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway, morphogenesis of epithelium, regulation of cytoskeleton organization, as well as in the MAPK and AGE–RAGE signaling KEGG-pathways. …”
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Incorporation of <i>N7</i>-Platinated Guanines into Thermus Aquaticus (Taq) DNA Polymerase: Atomistic Insights from Molecular Dynamics Simulations by Federica De Castro, Giada Ciardullo, Francesco Paolo Fanizzi, Mario Prejanò, Michele Benedetti, Tiziana Marino

“…A comprehensive in silico molecular modeling analysis was conducted to compare the interactions of Thermus aquaticus (Taq) DNA polymerase with three distinct <i>N7</i>-platinated deoxyguanosine triphosphates: [Pt(dien)(<i>N7</i>-dGTP)] (<b>1</b>), <i>cis</i>-[Pt(NH₃)₂Cl(<i>N7</i>-dGTP)] (<b>2</b>), and <i>cis</i>-[Pt(NH₃)₂(H₂O)(<i>N7</i>-dGTP)] (<b>3</b>) {dien = diethylenetriamine; dGTP = 5′-(2′-deoxy)-guanosine-triphosphate}, using canonical dGTP as a reference, in the presence of DNA. …”
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Unique Variants of Avian Coronaviruses from Indigenous Chickens in Kenya by Henry M. Kariithi, Jeremy D. Volkening, Iryna V. Goraichuk, Leonard O. Ateya, Dawn Williams-Coplin, Tim L. Olivier, Yatinder S. Binepal, Claudio L. Afonso, David L. Suarez

“…Despite having genome organization (5′UTR-[Rep1a/1ab-S-3a-3b-E-M-4b-4c-5a-5b-N-6b]-3′UTR), canonical conservation of essential genes and size (~27.6 kb) typical of IBVs, the Kenyan isolates do not phylogenetically cluster with any genotypes of the 37 IBV lineages and 26 unique variants (UVs). …”
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p90RSK2, a new MLCK mediates contractility in myosin light chain kinase null smooth muscle by Jaspreet Kalra, Mykhaylo Artamonov, Mykhaylo Artamonov, Hua Wang, Hua Wang, Aaron Franke, Aaron Franke, Zaneta Markowska, Li Jin, Li Jin, Zygmunt S. Derewenda, Ramon J. Ayon, Avril Somlyo

“…Introduction: Phosphorylation of smooth muscle (SM) myosin regulatory light chain (RLC20) is a critical switch leading to SM contraction. The canonical view held that only the short isoform of myosin light chain kinase (MLCK1) catalyzed this reaction. …”
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POP1 inhibits MSU-induced inflammasome activation and ameliorates gout by Lucia de Almeida, Savita Devi, Mohanalaxmi Indramohan, Qi-Quan Huang, Rojo A. Ratsimandresy, Richard M. Pope, Andrea Dorfleutner, Andrea Dorfleutner, Andrea Dorfleutner, Christian Stehlik, Christian Stehlik, Christian Stehlik, Christian Stehlik

“…Canonical inflammasomes are innate immune protein scaffolds that enable the activation of inflammatory caspase-1, and subsequently the processing and release of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-18, and danger signals, as well as the induction of pyroptotic cell death. …”
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High-Throughput Chemical Screen Identifies a 2,5-Disubstituted Pyridine as an Inhibitor of Candida albicans Erg11 by Antonia C. Du Bois, Alice Xue, Chester Pham, Nicole M. Revie, Kirsten J. Meyer, Yoko Yashiroda, Charles Boone, Justin R. Nodwell, Peter Stogios, Alexei Savchenko, Nicole Robbins, Kali R. Iyer, Leah E. Cowen

“…Chemical-genetic, biochemical, and modeling analyses suggest that CpdLC-6888 inhibits Erg11 in a manner similar to the azoles despite lacking the canonical five-membered nitrogen-containing azole ring. …”
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CD4 and LAG-3 from sharks to humans: related molecules with motifs for opposing functions by Fumio Takizawa, Keiichiro Hashimoto, Ryuichiro Miyazawa, Yuko Ohta, Ana Veríssimo, Ana Veríssimo, Martin F. Flajnik, David Parra, Kotaro Tokunaga, Hiroaki Suetake, J. Oriol Sunyer, Johannes M. Dijkstra

“…Thus, although restricted to some species and gene copies, in evolution both CD4 and LAG-3 molecules appear to have acquired functional motifs besides their canonical Cx(C/H) and ITIM-like motifs, respectively. …”
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Hypoxia enhances anti-fibrotic properties of extracellular vesicles derived from hiPSCs via the miR302b-3p/TGFβ/SMAD2 axis by Milena Paw, Agnieszka A. Kusiak, Kinga Nit, Jacek J. Litewka, Marcin Piejko, Dawid Wnuk, Michał Sarna, Kinga Fic, Kinga B. Stopa, Ruba Hammad, Olga Barczyk-Woznicka, Toni Cathomen, Ewa Zuba-Surma, Zbigniew Madeja, Paweł E. Ferdek, Sylwia Bobis-Wozowicz

“…We show that EV-H5 act through the canonical TGFβ/SMAD pathway, primarily via miR-302b-3p, which is the most abundant miRNA in EV-H5. …”
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Dissecting G_q/11-Mediated Plasma Membrane Translocation of Sphingosine Kinase-1 by Kira Vanessa Blankenbach, Ralf Frederik Claas, Natalie Judith Aster, Anna Katharina Spohner, Sandra Trautmann, Nerea Ferreirós, Justin L. Black, John J. G. Tesmer, Stefan Offermanns, Thomas Wieland, Dagmar Meyer zu Heringdorf

“…We have shown before that G_q-coupled receptors and constitutively active Gα_q/11 specifically induced a rapid and long-lasting SphK1 translocation, independently of canonical G_q/phospholipase C (PLC) signaling. …”
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Detrimental effects of PCSK9 loss-of-function in the pediatric host response to sepsis are mediated through independent influence on Angiopoietin-1 by Mihir R. Atreya, Natalie Z. Cvijanovich, Julie C. Fitzgerald, Scott L. Weiss, Michael T. Bigham, Parag N. Jain, Adam J. Schwarz, Riad Lutfi, Jeffrey Nowak, Geoffrey L. Allen, Neal J. Thomas, Jocelyn R. Grunwell, Torrey Baines, Michael Quasney, Bereketeab Haileselassie, Matthew N. Alder, Patrick Lahni, Scarlett Ripberger, Adesuwa Ekunwe, Kyle R. Campbell, Keith R. Walley, Stephen W. Standage

“…Given the potential pleiotropic effects of PCSK9 on the endothelium, beyond canonical effects on serum lipoproteins, both of which may influence sepsis outcomes, we sought to test the influence of PCSK9 LOF genotype on endothelial dysfunction. …”
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Altered Peripheral Blood Gene Expression in Childhood Cancer Survivors With Anthracycline‐Induced Cardiomyopathy – A COG‐ALTE03N1 Report by Purnima Singh, Disheet A. Shah, Mariam Jouni, Romina B. Cejas, David K. Crossman, Tarek Magdy, Shaowei Qiu, Xuexia Wang, Liting Zhou, Noha Sharafeldin, Lindsey Hageman, Donald E. McKenna, Saro H. Armenian, Frank M. Balis, Douglas S. Hawkins, Frank G. Keller, Melissa M. Hudson, Joseph P. Neglia, A Kim Ritchey, Jill P. Ginsberg, Wendy Landier, Ravi Bhatia, Paul W. Burridge, Smita Bhatia

“…Interleukin 1 receptor type 1, 2 (IL1R1, IL1R2), and matrix metalloproteinase 8, 9 (MMP8, MMP9) appeared in multiple canonical pathways. LDHA‐knockout human‐induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived cardiomyocytes showed increased sensitivity to doxorubicin. …”
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