Rac and Rho GTPases in cancer cell motility control by Parri Matteo, Chiarugi Paola

“…In addition it depends on Rac1-mediated cell polarization and lamellipodia formation. Conversely, in amoeboid movement cells have a rounded morphology, the movement is independent from proteases but requires high Rho GTPase to drive elevated levels of actomyosin contractility. …”
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The CD34-related molecule podocalyxin is a potent inducer of microvillus formation. by Julie S Nielsen, Marcia L Graves, Shierley Chelliah, A Wayne Vogl, Calvin D Roskelley, Kelly M McNagny

“…<h4>Background</h4>Podocalyxin is a CD34-related transmembrane protein involved in hematopoietic cell homing, kidney morphogenesis, breast cancer progression, and epithelial cell polarization. Although this sialomucin has been shown to block cell adhesion, the mechanisms involved remain enigmatic. …”
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Aurora A and cortical flows promote polarization and cytokinesis by inducing asymmetric ECT-2 accumulation by Katrina M Longhini, Michael Glotzer

“…In the early Caenorhabditis elegans embryo, cell polarization and cytokinesis are interrelated yet distinct processes. …”
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Liposomal vaccine formulations as prophylactic agents: design considerations for modern vaccines by Luis O. De Serrano, David J. Burkhart

“…After antigen processing and presentation, CD4+ T cell polarization occurs, further leading to B cell and CD8+ activation and humoral and cell-mediated adaptive immune responses. …”
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Roles of Virion-Incorporated CD162 (PSGL-1), CD43, and CD44 in HIV-1 Infection of T Cells by Tomoyuki Murakami, Akira Ono

“…In infected polarized CD4⁺ T cells, HIV-1 Gag localizes to a rear-end protrusion known as the uropod. Regardless of cell polarization, Gag colocalizes with and promotes the virion incorporation of a subset of uropod-directed host transmembrane proteins, including CD162, CD43, and CD44. …”
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Experimental evolution and proximate mechanisms in biology by Xiao Yi

“…In some examples, from evolution experiments, updates were made to known proximate processes – gene regulation and cell polarization. In some examples, new contexts were found for known proximate processes – cell division and drug resistance of cancer. …”
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Vaccination against IL-17 suppresses autoimmune arthritis and encephalomyelitis. by Röhn, T, Jennings, G, Hernandez, M, Grest, P, Beck, M, Zou, Y, Kopf, M, Bachmann, M

“…Recently, a subset of IL-17-producing T helper cells (Th17) distinct from Th1 and Th2 cells has been described, which constitutes a new T cell polarization state. Aberrant Th17 responses and overexpression of IL-17 have been implicated in a number of autoimmune disorders including rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis. …”

Combining composition graded positive and negative electrodes for higher performance Li-ion batteries by Cheng, C, Drummond, R, Duncan, SR, Grant, PS

“…Graded electrodes had a relatively low cell polarization that became more marked as the C-rate increased. …”

Mucosa–Environment Interactions in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis by Bruno Lucchino, Francesca Romani Spinelli, Cristina Iannuccelli, Maria Paola Guzzo, Fabrizio Conti, Manuela Di Franco

“…Several immune abnormalities, such as local ACPA production, increased T cell polarization towards a pro-inflammatory phenotype, and innate immune cell activation can be documented in at-risk subjects. …”
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Post-Translational Modification and Subcellular Compartmentalization: Emerging Concepts on the Regulation and Physiopathological Relevance of RhoGTPases by Inmaculada Navarro-Lérida, Miguel Sánchez-Álvarez, Miguel Ángel del Pozo

“…Rho GTPases are key regulators of the remodeling of cytoskeleton and cell membranes and their coordination and integration with different biological processes, including cell polarization and motility, as well as other signaling networks such as growth signaling and proliferation. …”
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Pak1 and PP2A antagonize aPKC function to support cortical tension induced by the Crumbs-Yurt complex by Cornelia Biehler, Katheryn E Rothenberg, Alexandra Jette, Helori-Mael Gaude, Rodrigo Fernandez-Gonzalez, Patrick Laprise

“…Overall, our data increase our understanding of how proteins sustaining epithelial cell polarization and Myosin-dependent cell contractility interact with one another to control epithelial tissue architecture.…”
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Unipolar distributions of junctional Myosin II identify cell stripe boundaries that drive cell intercalation throughout Drosophila axis extension by Robert J Tetley, Guy B Blanchard, Alexander G Fletcher, Richard J Adams, Bénédicte Sanson

“…We show that initial Myosin II bipolar cell polarization gives way to unipolar enrichment at parasegmental boundaries and two further boundaries within each parasegment, concomitant with a doubling of cell number as the tissue elongates. …”
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Novel Opportunities for Cathepsin S Inhibitors in Cancer Immunotherapy by Nanocarrier-Mediated Delivery by Natalie Fuchs, Mergim Meta, Detlef Schuppan, Lutz Nuhn, Tanja Schirmeister

“…Cathepsin S (CatS) is a secreted cysteine protease that cleaves certain extracellular matrix proteins, regulates antigen presentation in antigen-presenting cells (APC), and promotes M2-type macrophage and dendritic cell polarization. CatS is overexpressed in many solid cancers, and overall, it appears to promote an immune-suppressive and tumor-promoting microenvironment. …”
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Helminth-derived proteins as immune system regulators: a systematic review of their promise in alleviating colitis by Maimonah Alghanmi, Faisal Minshawi, Tarfa A. Altorki, Ayat Zawawi, Isra Alsaady, Abdallah Y Naser, Hassan Alwafi, Soa’ad M. Alsulami, Ala A. Azhari, Anwar M Hashem, Rowa Alhabbab

“…The findings underscore the pivotal role of helminth-derived proteins in immunomodulation, specifically in the axis of cytokine secretion and immune cell polarization. The findings offer new opportunities for treating chronic inflammatory conditions such Crohn’s disease.…”
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CDC-42 and RAC-1 regulate opposite chemotropisms in Neurospora crassa. by Lichius, A, Goryachev, AB, Fricker, M, Obara, B, Castro-Longoria, E, Read, N

“…Cell polarization and fusion are crucial developmental processes that occur in response to intracellular and extracellular signals. …”

The RNA-binding protein IMP2 drives a stromal-Th17 cell circuit in autoimmune neuroinflammation by Rami Bechara, Nilesh Amatya, Saikat Majumder, Chunsheng Zhou, Yang Li, Qixing Liu, Mandy J. McGeachy, Sarah L. Gaffen

“…Consistent with this, Imp2−/− mice showed reduced CCL2 production in LNs during EAE, causing impairments in monocyte recruitment and Th17 cell polarization. Imp2–/– mice were fully protected from CNS inflammation. …”
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PLA2G4A promotes right-sided colorectal cancer progression by inducing CD39+γδ Treg polarization by Yang Zhan, Lei Zheng, Jia Liu, Dongzhi Hu, Junfeng Wang, Kai Liu, Jiansheng Guo, Ti Zhang, Dalu Kong

“…The γδ T cell is a promising candidate cell in tumor immunotherapy. However, γδ T cells polarize to CD39+γδ Tregs upon colorectal cancer (CRC) induction, and the underlying mechanism remains unclear. …”
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Clustering and ordering in cell assemblies with generic asymmetric aligning interactions by Thibault Bertrand, Joseph d'Alessandro, Ananyo Maitra, Shreyansh Jain, Barbara Mercier, René-Marc Mège, Benoit Ladoux, Raphaël Voituriez

“…In particular, observations have shown that binary cell-cell collisions generally lead to antialignment of cell polarities and separation of pairs—a process called contact inhibition of locomotion (CIL), which is expected to disfavor the formation of large-scale cell clusters with coherent motion even though the latter is often observed in tissues. …”
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New Insights into the Mutual Promotion of Rosacea, Anxiety, and Depression from Neuroendocrine Immune Aspects by Yang X, Cai M

“…In contrast to the mainstream belief that the causal association between rosacea and psychiatric disorders is that rosacea increases the psychological burden of patients and thus triggers psychiatric disorders simply by altering their facial appearance, this review outlines the possible common mechanisms between rosacea and anxiety and depression disorders, starting from the pathophysiological mechanisms of transient receptor potential family cation channels, HPA axis, and Th1/Th17 cell polarization. It envisages the possibility of the neuroendocrine-immune interplay between rosacea and anxiety and depression, and new ideas on the complex causal relationship between rosacea and psychiatric disorders, offering more orientations to open up new therapeutic approaches for rosacea.Keywords: rosacea, anxiety disorders, depressive disorders, neurological factors, endocrine factors, immunological factors…”
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Comprehensive analysis of different tumor cell-line produced soluble mediators on the differentiation and functional properties of monocyte-derived dendritic cells. by Sára Burai, Ramóna Kovács, Tamás Molnár, Márta Tóth, Tímea Szendi-Szatmári, Viktória Jenei, Zsuzsanna Bíró-Debreceni, Shlomie Brisco, Margit Balázs, Attila Bácsi, Gábor Koncz, Anett Mázló

“…We investigated the impact of tumor cell-derived conditioned media on the differentiation of DCs from CD14+ monocytes, sequentially determining the phenotype, cytokine production, phagocytic, and the T cell polarizing capacity of moDCs. We completed our observations by analyzing our data with bioinformatic tools to provide objective correlations between phenotypical and functional properties of different tumor-educated moDCs. …”
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