Identification and preliminary characterization of conserved uncharacterized proteins from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Arabidopsis thaliana, and Setaria viridis by Eric P. Knoshaug, Peipei Sun, Ambarish Nag, Huong Nguyen, Erin M. Mattoon, Ningning Zhang, Jian Liu, Chen Chen, Jianlin Cheng, Ru Zhang, Peter St. John, James Umen

“…Compared to whole proteomes for each species, the Deep Green set was enriched for proteins with predicted chloroplast targeting signals predictive of photosynthetic or plastid functions, a result that was consistent with enrichment for daylight phase diurnal expression patterning. …”
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Lipid Polymorphism of the Subchloroplast—Granum and Stroma Thylakoid Membrane—Particles. I. ³¹P-NMR Spectroscopy by Ondřej Dlouhý, Uroš Javornik, Ottó Zsiros, Primož Šket, Václav Karlický, Vladimír Špunda, Janez Plavec, Győző Garab

“…To shed light on the origin of these non-lamellar phases, we performed ³¹P-NMR spectroscopy experiments on sub-chloroplast particles of spinach: stacked, granum and unstacked, stroma thylakoid membranes. …”
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Identification of New Proteins and Potential Mitochondrial F₁F₀-ATPase Inhibitor Factor 1-Associated Mechanisms in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> Using iTRAQ-Bas... by Cuiting Chen, Yiqing Meng, Zhongyuan Hu, Jinghua Yang, Mingfang Zhang

“…Gene ontology enrichment analysis revealed that these DEPs were the most significantly enriched in pathways such as “long-day photoperiodism, flowering,” “positive regulation of protein import into chloroplast stroma,” and “pollen sperm cell differentiation,” which are closely associated with reproductive development. …”
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Effect of Particle Size on the Aerobic and Anaerobic Digestion Characteristics of Whole Rice Straw by Lina Luo, Youpei Qu, Weijia Gong, Liyuan Qin, Wenzhe Li, Yong Sun

“…The phyla of <i>Firmicutes</i> (61.5%), <i>Proteobacteria</i> (9.3%), <i>Chloroflexi</i> (8.3%), <i>Bacteroidetes</i> (4.1%), <i>Cyanobacteria/Chloroplast</i> (4.6%) were mainly responsible for VFAs production and lignocellulose degradation. …”
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Plastid genome of Passiflora tripartita var. mollissima (poro-poro) from Huánuco, Peru [version 2; peer review: 2 approved] by Silvia Ana Valverde-Zavaleta, Flavio Aliaga, Mario Zapata-Cruz

“…We report the poro-poro plastid genome to expand the knowledge of its molecular markers, evolutionary studies, molecular pathways, and conservation genetics. The complete chloroplast (cp) genome is 163,451 bp in length with a typical quadripartite structure, containing a large single-copy region of 85,525 bp and a small single-copy region of 13,518 bp, separated by a pair of inverted repeat regions (IR) of 32,204 bp, and the overall GC content was 36.87%. …”
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The In Vitro Interaction of 12-Oxophytodienoic Acid and Related Conjugated Carbonyl Compounds with Thiol Antioxidants by Daniel Maynard, Andrea Viehhauser, Madita Knieper, Anna Dreyer, Ghamdan Manea, Wilena Telman, Falk Butter, Kamel Chibani, Renate Scheibe, Karl-Josef Dietz

“…In addition, 12-OPDA and 12-OPDA-related conjugated carbonyl compounds interacted with proteins, e.g., with members of the thioredoxin (TRX)-fold family. 12-OPDA modified two cysteinyl residues of chloroplast TRX-f1. The OPDAylated TRX-f1 lost its activity to activate the Calvin–Benson-cycle enzyme fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase). …”
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Transcriptome Analysis of CYP450 Family Members in <i>Fritillaria cirrhosa</i> D. Don and Profiling of Key <i>CYP450s</i> Related to Isosteroidal Alkaloid Biosynthesis by Rui Li, Maotao Xiao, Jian Li, Qi Zhao, Mingcheng Wang, Ziwei Zhu

“…Finally, the subcellular localization prediction of FcCYPs and transient expression analysis within <i>Nicotiana benthamiana</i> showed that the FcCYPs were mainly localized in the chloroplast. This study presents a systematic analysis of the CYP450 gene family in <i>F. cirrhosa</i> and provides a foundation for further functional characterization of the <i>CYPs</i> involved in ISA biosynthesis.…”
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Formin-2 drives polymerisation of actin filaments enabling segregation of apicoplasts and cytokinesis in Plasmodium falciparum by Johannes Felix Stortz, Mario Del Rosario, Mirko Singer, Jonathan M Wilkes, Markus Meissner, Sujaan Das

“…In addition to its role in erythrocyte invasion, Plasmodium falciparum actin is implicated in endocytosis, cytokinesis and inheritance of the chloroplast-like organelle called the apicoplast. Previously, the inability to visualise filamentous actin (F-actin) dynamics had restricted the characterisation of both F-actin and actin regulatory proteins, a limitation we recently overcame for Toxoplasma (Periz et al, 2017). …”
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Assembly of the Complete Mitochondrial Genome of <i>Gelsemium elegans</i> Revealed the Existence of Homologous Conformations Generated by a Repeat Mediated Recombination by Chuihuai You, Tianzhen Cui, Chang Zhang, Shoujian Zang, Yachun Su, Youxiong Que

“…The homologous segments between the chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes accounted for 5.85% of the mitochondrial genome. …”
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Genome-wide identification of BONZAI (BON) genes in Glycine max L. and their regulated expression patterns under saline environment by Shrushti Joshi, Sripati Abhiram Sahoo, Tushar Khare, Ashish Kumar Srivastava, Vinay Kumar

“…Using the BONZAI domain, a total of five putative BON orthologous were identified in the soybean genome (GmBONs), whose sub-cellular localization was limited to chloroplast and cytoplasm. The identified cis-regulatory elements of GmBONs promoters indicated their involvement in regulating responses generated under environmental stress conditions and showed hormonal signal responsiveness. …”
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Transcriptome-Based Study on the Phylogeny and Hybridization of Marattialean Ferns (Marattiaceae) by Jing Zhao, Xinmao Zhou, Shaoli Fang, Zhangming Zhu, Yuxin Li, Hong Yu, Zhaorong He

“…Except the low support with mitochondrial genes of Marattiaceae, nuclear genes and chloroplast genes strongly supported a sister relationship between Marattiaceae and leptosporangiate ferns. …”
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Photosystem Disorder Could be the Key Cause for the Formation of Albino Leaf Phenotype in Pecan by Ji-Yu Zhang, Tao Wang, Zhan-Hui Jia, Zhong-Ren Guo, Yong-Zhi Liu, Gang Wang

“…Moreover, almost all the genes (68) mapped in the photosynthesis pathway showed decreased expression in ALs compared to GLs, declaring that the photosynthetic system embedded within the thylakoid membrane of chloroplast was disturbed in ALs of pecan. This study provides a theoretical basis for elucidating the molecular mechanism underlying the phenotype of chlorina seedlings of pecan.…”
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Proteomic Analyses of Thioredoxins f and m Arabidopsis thaliana Mutants Indicate Specific Functions for These Proteins in Plants by Juan Fernández-Trijueque, Antonio-Jesús Serrato, Mariam Sahrawy

“…A large number of plastidial thioredoxins (TRX) are present in chloroplast and the specificity versus the redundancy of their functions is currently under discussion. …”
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Expression of a Chlorophyll <i>b</i> Reductase Gene from <i>Zoysia japonica</i> Causes Changes in Leaf Color and Chlorophyll Morphology in <i>Agrostis stolonifera</i> by Di Dong, Zhuoxiong Yang, Yuan Ma, Shuwen Li, Mengdi Wang, Yinruizhi Li, Zhuocheng Liu, Liebao Han, Yuehui Chao

“…Additionally, transgenic plants exhibited morphological alterations in their chloroplast structure, and the number of grana and thylakoids per grana stack reduced dramatically. …”
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Annotation of Siberian Larch (<i>Larix sibirica</i> Ledeb.) Nuclear Genome—One of the Most Cold-Resistant Tree Species in the Only Deciduous GENUS in <i>Pinaceae</i> by Eugenia I. Bondar, Sergey I. Feranchuk, Ksenia A. Miroshnikova, Vadim V. Sharov, Dmitry A. Kuzmin, Natalya V. Oreshkova, Konstantin V. Krutovsky

“…The recent release of the nuclear, chloroplast and mitochondrial genome assemblies of Siberian larch (<i>Larix sibirica</i> Ledeb.), one of the most cold-resistant tree species in the only deciduous genus of Pinaceae, with seasonal senescence and a rot-resistant valuable timber widely used in construction, greatly contributed to the development of genomic resources for the larch genus. …”
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Applied phylogeography of Cyclopia intermedia (Fabaceae) highlights the need for ‘duty of care’ when cultivating honeybush by Nicholas C. Galuszynski, Alastair J. Potts

“…Methods We applied High Resolution Melt analysis (HRM), with confirmation Sanger sequencing, to screen two non-coding chloroplast DNA regions (two fragments from the atpI-aptH intergenic spacer and one from the ndhA intron) in wild C. intermedia populations. …”
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An electrochemical biosensor for the rapid genetic identification of Musang King durian by Mohammad Malek Faizal Azizi, Sohana Romeli, Hazana Razali, Eda Yuhana Ariffin, Muhammad Afiq Tajol Ariffin, Lee Yook Heng, Norliza Abu-Bakar, Han Yih Lau

“…To enable the rapid identification of the MK variety, PCR amplification of ten durian varieties using six gene candidates from the chloroplast genome was first performed to obtain DNA probes that were specific to the MK durian variety. …”
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Transcriptome analysis of Citrus limon infected with Citrus yellow vein clearing virus by Yu Bin, Qi Zhang, Yue Su, Chunqing Wang, Qiqi Jiang, Zhen Song, Changyong Zhou

“…Additionally, CYVCV infection could cause structural changes in chloroplast and inhibition of photosynthesis pathway, which probably contribute to the appearance of leaf chlorotic mottling and yellow vein clearing in CYVCV-infected lemon plants. …”
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Physiological, transcriptome and co-expression network analysis of chlorophyll-deficient mutants in flue-cured tobacco by Yuqing Feng, Yujing Li, Yuanyuan Zhao, Hongzhi Shi

“…Conclusion Our results demonstrated that differences in chlorophyll and nitrate content were caused by the combined effects of chloroplast development, photosynthesis, as well as related biological activity. …”
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Applying and refining DNA analysis to determine the identity of plant material extracted from the digestive tracts of katydids by Laurel B. Symes, Nicole L. Wershoven, Lars-Olaf Hoeger, Jessica S. Ralston, Sharon J. Martinson, Hannah M. ter Hofstede, Christine M. Palmer

“…Methods Our approach uses three chloroplast primer sets that were previously developed to identify vegetation on BCI. …”
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