Full Length Transcriptome Highlights the Coordination of Plastid Transcript Processing by Marine Guilcher, Arnaud Liehrmann, Chloé Seyman, Thomas Blein, Guillem Rigaill, Benoit Castandet, Etienne Delannoy

“…In the leaf of <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>, with about 1.5 million strand-specific reads mapped to the chloroplast genome, we could recapitulate most of the complexity of the plastid transcriptome (polygenic transcripts, multiple isoforms associated with post-transcriptional processing) using virtual Northern blots. …”
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In vitro propagation and DNA barcode analysis of the endangered Silene schimperiana in Saint Katherine protectorate by Heba El-Sayed Ghareb, Shafik Darwish Ibrahim, Ghada Abd El-Moneim Hegazi

“…DNA barcode analysis of Silene schimperiana was carried out using two chloroplast DNA markers (cpDNA): 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large subunit (rbcL) and RNA polymerase subunit (rpoC1) and a nuclear ribosome DNA marker (ncDNA), internal transcribed spacer (ITS). …”
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Leaf morphology and ultrastructure responses to elevated O3 in transgenic Bt (cry1Ab/cry1Ac) rice and conventional rice under fully open-air field conditions. by Chunyan Li, Biao Liu, Chunhua Li, Qing Zeng, Mingzhuo Hao, Zhengmin Han, Jianguo Zhu, Xiaogang Li, Wenjing Shen

“…Compared with SY63, E-O3 caused early swelling of the thylakoids of chloroplasts and more substantial breakdown of chloroplasts in Bt-SY63. …”
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Enhanced Reduction of Ferredoxin in PGR5-Deficient Mutant of <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> Stimulated Ferredoxin-Dependent Cyclic Electron Flow around Photosystem I by Shu Maekawa, Miho Ohnishi, Shinya Wada, Kentaro Ifuku, Chikahiro Miyake

“…Recent research has demonstrated that the expression of Fd-CEF activity is contingent upon the oxidation of plastoquinone. Moreover, chloroplast NAD(P)H dehydrogenase does not catalyze Fd-CEF in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>. …”
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Phylogenomics and Biogeography of the Mammilloid Clade Revealed an Intricate Evolutionary History Arose in the Mexican Plateau by Delil A. Chincoya, Salvador Arias, Felipe Vaca-Paniagua, Patricia Dávila, Sofía Solórzano

“…We analyzed 52 orthologous loci from 142 complete genomes of chloroplast (103 taxa) to generate a cladogram and a chronogram; in the latter, the ancestral distribution was reconstructed with the Dispersal-Extinction-Cladogenesis model. …”
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CO2 -fixing liquid droplets : towards a dissection of the microalgal pyrenoid by Wunder, Tobias, Oh, Zhen Guo, Mueller-Cajar, Oliver

“…This strategy frequently involves compartmentalization of the enzyme in the pyrenoid, a non-membrane enclosed compartment of the chloroplast stroma. Recently, tremendous advances have been achieved concerning the structure, physical properties, composition and in vitro reconstitution of the pyrenoid matrix from the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. …”
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The phase separation underlying the pyrenoid-based microalgal Rubisco supercharger by Wunder, Tobias, Cheng, Steven Le Hung, Lai, Soak-Kuan, Li, Hoi-Yeung, Mueller-Cajar, Oliver

“…In eukaryotic microalgae a key strategy involves sequestration of the enzyme in the pyrenoid, a liquid non-membranous compartment of the chloroplast stroma. Here we show using pure components that two proteins, Rubisco and the linker protein Essential Pyrenoid Component 1 (EPYC1), are both necessary and sufficient to phase separate and form liquid droplets. …”
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The Divergence of Chromosome Structures and 45S Ribosomal DNA Organization in Cucumis debilis Inferred by Comparative Molecular Cytogenetic Mapping by Setiawan, Agus Budi, Purwantoro, Aziz, Teo, Chee How, Nhi, Phan Thi Phuong, Kato, Kenji, Kikuchi, Shinji, Koba, Takato

“…A maximum likelihood tree was constructed by combining the chloroplast and internal transcribed spacer of 45S rDNAs to infer its relationship within Cucumis. …”
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Comparative morphological and photosynthetic studies on three Malaysian species of Pogonatum from habitats of varying light irradiances by Nasrulhaq-Boyce, A., Mohamed, M.A.H., Lim, A.L., Barakbah, S.S., Yong, K.T., Nor, D.M.

“…However, soluble protein content was higher in the sun species compared to its shade-adapted counterparts, and the soluble protein to total chlorophyll ratio was highest in P. neesii. The chloroplasts in the leaves of P. cirratum subsp. macrophyllum were significantly larger than those in the other two species, and had more grana and thylakoids per chloroplast profile. …”

Cloning and characterization of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase small subunit (RbcS) cDNA from green microalga Ankistrodesmus convolutus by Thanh, Tran, Chi, Vu Thi Quynh, Abdullah, Mohd Puad, Omar, Hishamuddin, Noroozi, Mostafa, Napis, Suhaimi

“…The full-length of A. convolutus RbcS cDNA (AcRbcS) contained 28 bp of 5' untranslated region (UTR), 225 bp of 3' non-coding region, and an open reading frame of 165 amino acids consisting of a chloroplast transit peptide with 24 amino acids and a mature protein of 141 amino acids. …”
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Vicariance and oceanic barriers drive contemporary genetic structure of widespread mangrove species Sonneratia alba J. Sm in the Indo-West Pacific by Wee, Alison K. S., Xian, Jessica Hui Teo, Chua, Jasher L., Takayama, Koji, Asakawa, Takeshi, Meenakshisundaram, Sankararamasubramanian Halasya, Onrizal, -, Adjie, Bayu, Ardli, Erwin Riyanto, Sungkaew, Sarawood, Suleiman, Monica, Nguyen, Xuan Tung, Salmo, Severino Garengo, Yllano, Orlex Baylen, Saleh, Mohd Nazre Bin, Khin, Khin Soe, Tateishi, Yoichi, Watano, Yasuyuki, Tsuda, Yoshiaki, Kajita, Tadashi, Webb, Edward Layman

“…We employed 11 nuclear microsatellite loci and two chloroplast regions to genotyped 25 S. alba 483 2 of 21 populations. …”
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Morphological and molecular systematics of Shorea section Richetoides (Dipterocarpaceae) in Peninsular Malaysia by Alwan, Ikhlas Hussain

“…Morphological anaylsis was done using distance method of Neighbor Joining Method (NJ), and molecular analysis was carried out using two phylogenetic analyses methods, NJ and Maximum Parsimony (MP).Two non-coding regions from chloroplast (trnL intron, and trnL-F IGS) were used to construct the phylogenetic trees and rooted with genus Hopea. …”
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Cellular Anatomy / by Lemus, Lurlene, author 648739

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Ultrastructural and Photosynthetic Responses of Pod Walls in Alfalfa to Drought Stress by Hui Wang, Qingping Zhou, Peisheng Mao

“…Stomata were evidently observed on the outer epidermis of the pod wall. Chloroplasts had intact structures arranged alongside the cell wall, which on DAP5 were already capable of producing photosynthate. …”
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Exogenous brassinosteroids alleviate calcium deficiency-induced tip-burn by maintaining cell wall structural stability and higher photosynthesis in mini Chinese Cabbage by Yutong Li, Yutong Li, Jizhong Ma, Xueqin Gao, Jianzhong Tie, Yue Wu, Zhongqi Tang, Linli Hu, Linli Hu, Jihua Yu, Jihua Yu

“…In addition, BRs increased photosynthetic rate by increasing the activities of Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) and fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase) related to Calvin cycle, maintaining relatively complete chloroplast structure and higher chlorophyll content via down-regulating the expression of BrPPH1 and BrPAO1 genes related to chlorophyll degradation. …”
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Characterization and Function of the 1-Deoxy-D-xylose-5-Phosphate Synthase (DXS) Gene Related to Terpenoid Synthesis in <i>Pinus massoniana</i> by Rong Li, Peizhen Chen, Lingzhi Zhu, Fan Wu, Yu Chen, Peihuang Zhu, Kongshu Ji

“…The subcellular localization of <i>PmDXS</i> was in the chloroplast. We also cloned a full-length 1024 bp <i>PmDXS</i> promoter. …”
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Morphology, Palynology and Molecular Phylogeny of <i>Barleria cristata</i> L. (Acanthaceae) Morphotypes from India by Asif S. Tamboli, Suraj S. Patil, Suhas K. Kadam, Yeon-Sik Choo, Manoj M. Lekhak, Jae Hong Pak

“…Phylogenetic analyses based on chloroplast DNA sequences revealed that our samples formed a clade sister to the <i>B. cristata</i> specimen used in the previous study. …”
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Combining Physio-Biochemical Characterization and Transcriptome Analysis Reveal the Responses to Varying Degrees of Drought Stress in <i>Brassica napus</i> L. by Shuai Fang, Peimin Zhao, Zengdong Tan, Yan Peng, Lintang Xu, Yutong Jin, Fang Wei, Liang Guo, Xuan Yao

“…Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) revealed that the up-regulated genes were mainly enriched in the stress response processes, such as response to water deprivation and abscisic acid, while the down-regulated genes were mainly enriched in the chloroplast-related parts affecting photosynthesis. …”
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Comparative and phylogenetic analysis of Asparagus meioclados Levl. and Asparagus munitus Wang et S. C. Chen plastomes and utility of plastomes mutational hotspots by Yulu Tian, Xue Liu, Yuanjiang Xu, Benxia Yu, Le Wang, Xianyou Qu

“…On account of the similar morphology, Asparagus meioclados and Asparagus munitus were used as Tian-Dong in southwest China. Chloroplast (cp) genomes are highly active genetic components of plants and play an extremely important role in improving the efficiency of the identification of plant species. …”
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Molybdenum-Induced Regulation of Antioxidant Defense-Mitigated Cadmium Stress in Aromatic Rice and Improved Crop Growth, Yield, and Quality Traits by Muhammad Imran, Saddam Hussain, Longxin He, Muhammad Furqan Ashraf, Muhammad Ihtisham, Ejaz Ahmad Warraich, Xiangru Tang

“…The results showed that Cd toxicity significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) reduced plant dry biomass, grain yield, photosynthetic efficiency, and pigment contents, and impaired chloroplast ultra-structural configuration and simultaneously destabilized the plant metabolism owing to higher accumulation of hydrogen peroxide, electrolyte leakage, and malondialdehyde contents. …”
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