The AP2 Transcription Factor <i>BrSHINE3</i> Regulates Wax Accumulation in Nonheading Chinese Cabbage by Zhaoyan Huo, Yang Xu, Song Yuan, Jiang Chang, Shuhao Li, Jinwei Wang, Huanhuan Zhao, Ru Xu, Fenglin Zhong

“…The analysis of the subcellular localization showed that <i>BrSHINE3</i> is mainly located in the nucleus and chloroplast of tobacco leaves, suggesting that the gene may function as a transcription factor. …”
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<i>Fusarium graminearum</i> Infection Strategy in Wheat Involves a Highly Conserved Genetic Program That Controls the Expression of a Core Effectome by Florian Rocher, Tarek Alouane, Géraldine Philippe, Marie-Laure Martin, Philippe Label, Thierry Langin, Ludovic Bonhomme

“…Several wheat compartments were predicted to be targeted by these putative effectors including apoplast, nucleus, chloroplast and mitochondria. Taken together, our results shed light on a highly conserved parasite strategy. …”
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Global analysis of lysine 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation during Fusarium graminearum infection in maize by Kang Zhang, Kang Zhang, Hongzhe Cao, Hongzhe Cao, Yuxin Ma, Helong Si, Jinping Zang, Hua Bai, Lu Yu, Xi Pang, Fan Zhou, Jihong Xing, Jihong Xing, Jingao Dong, Jingao Dong

“…Subcellular localization results showed that these Khib modified proteins were localized in cytoplasm, chloroplast, and nucleus. Then, comparative proteomic analysis of the defense response to F. graminearum infection showed that Khib modification participated in plant resistance to pathogen infection by regulating glycolysis, TCA cycle, protein synthesis, peroxisome, and secondary metabolic processes, such as benzoxazinoid biosynthesis, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, jasmonic acid synthesis, and tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis. …”
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Gene co-expression analysis of tomato seed maturation reveals tissue-specific regulatory networks and hubs associated with the acquisition of desiccation tolerance and seed vigour by Elise Bizouerne, Julia Buitink, Benoît Ly Vu, Joseph Ly Vu, Eddi Esteban, Asher Pasha, Nicholas Provart, Jérôme Verdier, Olivier Leprince

“…The common module was enriched with genes associated with mRNA processing in chloroplast and mitochondria (including penta- and tetratricopeptide repeat-containing proteins) and post-transcriptional regulation, as well several flowering genes. …”
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Aluminum phytotoxicity induced structural and ultrastructural changes in submerged plant Vallisneria natans by Qingwei Lin, Zhiwen Huai, Luqman Riaz, Xue Peng, Shishi Wang, Biyun Liu, Fei Yu, Jianmin Ma

“…Scanning/Transmission electron microscopy analysis displayed the Al-mediated disruption of vascular bundle structure in leaf cells, intercellular space and several vegetative tissues, and demonstrated that Al in vacuole and chloroplast subcellular segregation into electron dense deposition. …”
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Genome-Wide Analysis of the <i>GLK</i> Gene Family and Its Expression at Different Leaf Ages in the <i>Citrus</i> Cultivar Kanpei by Bo Xiong, Hongzhen Chen, Qingqing Ma, Junfei Yao, Jialu Wang, Wenjia Wu, Ling Liao, Xun Wang, Mingfei Zhang, Siya He, Jiaxian He, Guochao Sun, Zhihui Wang

“…The <i>GLK</i> gene family plays a crucial role in the regulation of chloroplast development and participates in chlorophyll synthesis. …”
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Proteomics Evidence of a Systemic Response to Desiccation in the Resurrection Plant <i>Haberlea rhodopensis</i> by Petko Mladenov, Diana Zasheva, Sébastien Planchon, Céline C. Leclercq, Denis Falconet, Lucas Moyet, Sabine Brugière, Daniela Moyankova, Magdalena Tchorbadjieva, Myriam Ferro, Norbert Rolland, Jenny Renaut, Dimitar Djilianov, Xin Deng

“…We also found a constitutively abundant dehydrin in <i>H. rhodopensis</i> whose phosphorylation levels increased under stress in the chloroplast fraction. This integrative multi-omics analysis revealed a systemic response to desiccation in <i>H. rhodopensis</i> and certain targets for further genomic and evolutionary studies on DT mechanisms and genetic engineering towards the improvement of drought tolerance in crops.…”
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Analysis of Genetic Diversity and Phylogenetic Relationships of Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) Genotypes Using Phenological, Molecular and DNA Barcoding Markers by Mohamed A. El-Esawi, Mohamed M. A. Elashtokhy, Sahar A. M. Shamseldin, Enas M. El-Ballat, Ehab M. Zayed, Yasmin M. Heikal

“…Moreover, based on the two chloroplast DNA regions (<i>rbcL</i> and <i>matK</i>), <i>MatK</i> was found to be more reliable for differentiating among <i>T. aestivum</i> genotypes. …”
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Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Changes in Whole Gene Expression, Biological Process, and Molecular Functions Induced by Nickel in Jack Pine (<i>Pinus banksiana</i>) by Alistar Moy, Karolina Czajka, Paul Michael, Kabwe Nkongolo

“…Of these genes, 21.7% were found in the plasma membrane, 16.1% in the cytosol, 12.4% with the chloroplast and 11.9% in the extracellular region. Nickel ions induced changes in gene expression, resulting in the emergence of differentially regulated categories. …”
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Purple stem Brassica napus exhibits higher photosynthetic efficiency, antioxidant potential and anthocyanin biosynthesis related genes expression against drought stress by Weiqi Chen, Yilin Miao, Ahsan Ayyaz, Fakhir Hannan, Qian Huang, Zaid Ulhassan, Yingying Zhou, Faisal Islam, Zheyuan Hong, Muhammad Ahsan Farooq, Weijun Zhou

“…Under drought conditions, the GS genotype showed apparent damages on chloroplast deformation like in thylakoid membrane and grana structural distortion and fewer starch grains and bigger plastoglobuli. …”
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Taxonomy, comparative genomics of Mullein (Verbascum, Scrophulariaceae), with implications for the evolution of Verbascum and Lamiales by Xiang Dong, Elijah Mbandi Mkala, Elizabeth Syowai Mutinda, Jia-Xin Yang, Vincent Okelo Wanga, Millicent Akinyi Oulo, Victor Omondi Onjolo, Guang-Wan Hu, Qing-Feng Wang

“…Several researchers have already worked on the phylogenetic and taxonomic analysis of Verbascum by using ITS data and chloroplast genome fragments and have produced different conclusions. …”
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Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of Heat Shock Protein 70 (<i>HSP70</i>) Gene Family in Pumpkin (<i>Cucurbita moschata</i>) Rootstock under Drought Stress Suggest... by Marzieh Davoudi, Jinfeng Chen, Qunfeng Lou

“…These genes were mostly localized in the cytoplasm, chloroplast, mitochondria, nucleus, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER). …”
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<i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> Response to Extracellular DNA: Self Versus Nonself Exposure by Maria Luisa Chiusano, Guido Incerti, Chiara Colantuono, Pasquale Termolino, Emanuela Palomba, Francesco Monticolo, Giovanna Benvenuto, Alessandro Foscari, Alfonso Esposito, Lucia Marti, Giulia de Lorenzo, Isaac Vega-Muñoz, Martin Heil, Fabrizio Carteni, Giuliano Bonanomi, Stefano Mazzoleni

“…Specifically, exposure to self-DNA limits cell permeability, affecting chloroplast functioning and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, eventually causing cell cycle arrest, consistently with macroscopic observations of root apex necrosis, increased root hair density and leaf chlorosis. …”
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Recent Trends in Research on the Genetic Diversity of Plants: Implications for Conservation by Yasmin G. S. Carvalho, Luciana C. Vitorino, Ueric J. B. de Souza, Layara A. Bessa

“…In plants, indices of genetic diversity (e.g., <i>k</i>, <i>h</i> and <i>&#960;</i>) and structure (e.g., F_ST) are typically inferred from sequences of chloroplast markers. Given the recent advances and popularization of molecular techniques for research in population genetics, phylogenetics, phylogeography, and ecology, we adopted a scientometric approach to compile evidence on the recent trends in the use of cpDNA sequences as markers for the analysis of genetic diversity in botanical studies, over the years. …”
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Effects of rearing system and antibiotic treatment on immune function, gut microbiota and metabolites of broiler chickens by Bochen Song, Peng Li, Huiping Xu, Zhong Wang, Jianmin Yuan, Bingkun Zhang, Zengpeng Lv, Zhigang Song, Yuming Guo

“…ABX treatment significantly reduced the α diversity of ileal microbiota, with less Chloroplast and Mitochondria. In addition, the levels of acetic acid, isobutyric acid, kynurenic acid and allolithocholic acid in the ileum of ground litter broilers were higher. …”
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Salt-Induced Modulation of Ion Transport and PSII Photoprotection Determine the Salinity Tolerance of Amphidiploid Brassicas by Nisma Farooq, Muhammad Omar Khan, Muhammad Zaheer Ahmed, Samia Fatima, Muhammad Asif Nawaz, Zainul Abideen, Brent L. Nielsen, Niaz Ahmad

“…The expression of key genes responsible for salt tolerance (<i>NHX1</i> and <i>AVP1</i>, which are nuclear-encoded) and photosynthesis (<i>psbA</i>, <i>psaA</i>, <i>petB</i>, and <i>rbcL</i>, which are chloroplast-encoded) were monitored for their genetic differences underlying stress tolerance. …”
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Cloning and Functional Analysis of Dwarf Gene <i>Mini Plant 1</i> (<i>MNP1</i>) in <i>Medicago truncatula</i> by Shiqi Guo, Xiaojia Zhang, Quanzi Bai, Weiyue Zhao, Yuegenwang Fang, Shaoli Zhou, Baolin Zhao, Liangliang He, Jianghua Chen

“…The subcellular localization showed that MNP1 was located in the chloroplast. Further analysis indicated that GA₃ could significantly restore the plant height of <i>mnp1-1</i>, and expression of <i>MNP1</i> in a <i>cps1</i> mutant of <i>Arabidopsis</i> partially rescued its mini-plant phenotype, indicating the conservation function of MNP1 in GA biosynthesis. …”
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High effects of climate oscillations on population diversity and structure of endangered Myricaria laxiflora by Hao Li, Hao Li, Guiyun Huang, Guiyun Huang, Liwen Qiu, Liwen Qiu, Jihong Liu, Yinhua Guo, Yinhua Guo

“…To study the water level fluctuations and climatic shifts on the genetic diversity and genetic differentiation of the six natural populations, 303 individuals from six populations were analyzed based on one nuclear DNA (ITS) and four chloroplast fragments (trnL-F, psbA-trnH, rps16, and rpl16). …”
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MicroRNA156 (miR156) Negatively Impacts Mg-Protoporphyrin IX (Mg-Proto IX) Biosynthesis and Its Plastid-Nucleus Retrograde Signaling in Apple by Qingbo Zheng, Yakun Chen, Xiaolin Jia, Yi Wang, Ting Wu, Xuefeng Xu, Zhenhai Han, Zhihong Zhang, Xinzhong Zhang

“…We previously reported that in apple (<i>Malus domestica</i> Borkh.) seedlings, the expression of microRNA156 (miR156) was significantly low in the adult phase, which was accompanied by high levels of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) accumulation in chloroplasts. However, it was unclear whether adult-phase-specific chloroplast H₂O₂ may induce PNRS and affect miR156 expression, or miR156 triggers adult phase PNRS during the ontogenesis. …”
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IodoTMT-labeled redox proteomics reveals the involvement of oxidative post-translational modification in response to para-hydroxybenzoic acid and hydrogen peroxide stresses in popl... by Guoqing Wei, Changxi Wang, Xiaoyan Lei, Xue Gao, Junru Li, Shuyong Zhang, Jing Guo

“…The differentially modified proteins (DMPs) were predicted to be mainly localized in the chloroplast and cytoplasm, with most proteins being enzymes with catalytic activities. …”
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