Long-Term Overgrazing-Induced Memory Decreases Photosynthesis of Clonal Offspring in a Perennial Grassland Plant by Xiangyang Hou, Xiliang Li, Weibo Ren, Ningning Hu, Jize Zhang, Huiqin Guo, Zhiying Liu, Lingqi Kong, Zinian Wu, Hui Wang

“…Moreover, gene expression patterns showed that the bud-cultured dwarf L. chinensis significantly down-regulated (by 1.86- to 5.33-fold) a series of key genes that regulate photosynthetic efficiency, stomata opening, and chloroplast development compared with the non-dwarf L. chinensis. …”
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Population structure in Quercus suber L. revealed by nuclear microsatellite markers by Filipe Sousa, Joana Costa, Carla Ribeiro, Marta Varandas, Francisco Pina-Martins, Fernanda Simões, José Matos, Maria Glushkova, Célia Miguel, Maria Manuela Veloso, Margarida Oliveira, Cândido Pinto Ricardo, Dora Batista, Octávio S. Paulo

“…The genetic diversity of Q. suber has been subject to different studies using both chloroplast and nuclear data, but population structure patterns remain unclear. …”
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Minerals and chelated-based manganese fertilization influences the productivity, uptake, and mobilization of manganese in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in sandy loam soils by Salwinder Singh Dhaliwal, Vivek Sharma, Arvind Kumar Shukla, Vibha Verma, Manmeet Kaur, Amnah Mohammed Alsuhaibani, Ahmed Gaber, Prabhjot Singh, Alison M. Laing, Akbar Hossain

“…Manganese (Mn) is an essential micronutrient in plants, and it is necessary for hydrolysis in photosystem II, chlorophyll biosynthesis, and also chloroplast breakdown. Limited Mn availability in light soil resulted in interveinal chlorosis, poor root development, and the development of fewer tillers, particularly staple cereals including wheat, while foliar Mn fertilizers were found efficient in improving crop yield as well as Mn use efficiency. …”
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Genome-Wide Identification and Abiotic Stress Response Analysis of PP2C Gene Family in Woodland and Pineapple Strawberries by Lili Guo, Shixiong Lu, Tao Liu, Guojie Nai, Jiaxuan Ren, Huimin Gou, Baihong Chen, Juan Mao

“…The size of the FaPP2C gene family was significantly different from that of the FvPP2C gene family, but both FaPP2Cs and FvPP2Cs were localized in the nucleus, cytoplasm, and chloroplast. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 56 <i>FvPP2Cs</i> and 228 <i>FaPP2Cs</i> could be divided into 11 subfamilies. …”
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Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of Alligator Weed Leaves Reveals That Cationic Peroxidase 1 Plays Vital Roles in the Potassium Deficiency Stress Response by Li-Qin Li, Cheng-Cheng Lyu, Jia-Hao Li, Chuan-Yin Wan, Lun Liu, Min-Qiu Xie, Rui-Jie Zuo, Su Ni, Fan Liu, Fu-Chun Zeng, Yi-Fei Lu, Li-Ping Yu, Xue-Li Huang, Xi-Yao Wang, Li-Ming Lu

“…In this study, we investigated the physiological and proteomic changes in leaves of alligator weed under LK stress. We found that chloroplast and mesophyll cell contents in palisade tissue increased, and that the total chlorophyll content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and net photosynthetic rate (PN) increased after 15 day of LK treatment, but the soluble protein content decreased. …”
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DROUGHT-INDUCED UNKNOWN PROTEIN 1 positively modulates drought tolerance in cultivated alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) by Dong Luo, Xi Zhang, Jie Liu, Yuguo Wu, Qiang Zhou, Longfa Fang, Zhipeng Liu

“…MsDIUP1 was localized to the nucleus, chloroplast, and plasma membranes. Overexpression of MsDIUP1 in Arabidopsis resulted in increased tolerance to drought, with higher seed germination, root length, fresh weight, and survival rate than in wild-type (WT) plants. …”
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The East Asian Winter Monsoon Acts as a Major Selective Factor in the Intraspecific Differentiation of Drought-Tolerant <i>Nitraria tangutorum</i> in Northwest China by Hengxia Yin, Lirong Wang, Yong Shi, Chaoju Qian, Huakun Zhou, Wenying Wang, Xiao-Fei Ma, Lam-Son Phan Tran, Benyin Zhang

“…Thus, the phylogeographical structure and historical dynamics of this plant species were elucidated using its five chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) fragments. Hierarchical structure analysis revealed three distinct, divergent lineages: West, East-A, and East-B. …”
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Spotting the Targets of the Apospory Controller <i>TGS1</i> in <i>Paspalum notatum</i> by Carolina Marta Colono, Maricel Podio, Lorena Adelina Siena, Juan Pablo A. Ortiz, Olivier Leblanc, Silvina Claudia Pessino

“…We found that <i>CHLOROPHYLL A-B BINDING PROTEIN 1B-21</i> (<i>LHC Ib-21</i>, a component of the chloroplast light harvesting complex), <i>QUI-GON JINN</i> (<i>QGJ</i>, encoding a MAP3K previously associated with apomixis) and miR2275 (a meiotic 24-nt phasi-RNAs producer) are directly or indirectly targeted by <i>TGS1</i>. …”
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Rapid evolutionary divergence of diploid and allotetraploid Gossypium mitochondrial genomes by Zhiwen Chen, Hushuai Nie, Yumei Wang, Haili Pei, Shuangshuang Li, Lida Zhang, Jinping Hua

“…Unlike the highly variable genome structure, evolutionary distance of mitochondrial genes was 1/6th the frequency of that in chloroplast genes of Gossypium. RNA editing events were conserved in cotton mitochondrial genes. …”
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Macadamia germplasm and genomic database (MacadamiaGGD): A comprehensive platform for germplasm innovation and functional genomics in Macadamia by Pan Wang, Pan Wang, Yi Mo, Yi Mo, Yi Wang, Yi Wang, Yuchong Fei, Yuchong Fei, Jianting Huang, Jianting Huang, Jun Ni, Jun Ni, Zeng-Fu Xu, Zeng-Fu Xu

“…In this work, we developed the first integrated germplasm and genomic database for macadamia (MacadamiaGGD), which includes five genomes of four species; three chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes; genome annotations; transcriptomic data for three macadamia varieties, germplasm data for four species and 262 main varieties; nine genetic linkage maps; and 35 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). …”
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Prediction of RNA editing sites and genome-wide characterization of PERK gene family in maize (Zea mays L.) in response to drought stress by Shahmeer Shahid, Muhammad Ali Sher, Furqan Ahmad, Shoaib ur Rehman, Babar Farid, Humayun Raza, Zulfiqar Ali, Amir Maqbool, Saleh Alfarraj, Mohammad Javed Ansari

“…We also predict RNA editing sites in mitochondrial and chloroplast genome. Results: Phylogenetic study of PERK genes from eight different plant species divided into four distinct clades. …”
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Integrated Analysis of Hi-C and RNA-Seq Reveals the Molecular Mechanism of Autopolyploid Growth Advantages in Pak Choi (Brassica rapa ssp. chinensis) by Huiyuan Wu, Xiaoming Song, Shanwu Lyu, Yiming Ren, Tongkun Liu, Xilin Hou, Ying Li, Changwei Zhang

“…Subsequently, eight DEGs with genomic structural variants were selected as potential candidate genes, including four DEGs involved in photosynthesis (BraA01003143, BraA09002798, BraA04002224, and BraA08000594), three DEGs related to chloroplast (BraA05002974, BraA05001662, and BraA04001148), and one DEG associated with disease resistance (BraA09004451), which all showed high expression in autotetraploids. …”
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An Integration of MicroRNA and Transcriptome Sequencing Analysis Reveal Regulatory Roles of miRNAs in Response to Chilling Stress in Wild Rice by Wenlong Zhao, Weiyu Xiao, Jinliang Sun, Mingxin Chen, Mingqing Ma, Yaqi Cao, Weijian Cen, Rongbai Li, Jijing Luo

“…KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that the target genes that are regulated by chilling-induced miRNAs are involved in the regulation of various biological processes/pathways, including protein biosynthesis, redox process, photosynthetic process, and chloroplast development in two genotypes. CRISPR/Cas9 editing of the target genes of the key DEMs in a chilling tolerant rice variety Zhonghua 11 (ZH11) found that <i>LOC_Os11g48020</i> (<i>OsGL1-11</i>), one of the putative target genes of osa-miR1846a/b-5p and encoding a wax synthesis protein, is correlated with a chilling stress tolerance phenotype, implying osa-miR1846a/b-5p/<i>OsGL1-11</i> plays an important role in <i>CTS-12</i>-mediated chilling stress tolerance regulatory pathway(s). …”
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Aneuploidy promotes intraspecific diversification of the endemic East Asian herb Lycoris aurea complex by Jinxia Wang, Lu Sun, Hao Zhu, Hao Zhu, Yanni Lv, Weiqi Meng, Guosheng Lv, Dong Zhang, Kun Liu, Kun Liu

“…For analyzing the phylogeographic pattern and genetic structure of this complex, we sequenced four chloroplast DNA fragments (4,748 bp in total) of 241 individuals from 42 populations. …”
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Global Phosphoproteomic Analysis Reveals the Defense and Response Mechanisms of Japonica Rice under Low Nitrogen Stress by Shupeng Xie, Hualong Liu, Tianze Ma, Shen Shen, Hongliang Zheng, Luomiao Yang, Lichao Liu, Zhonghua Wei, Wei Xin, Detang Zou, Jingguo Wang

“…The modification of proteins involved in chloroplast development, chlorophyll synthesis, photosynthesis, carbon metabolism, phytohormones, and morphology-related proteins were differentially altered, which was an important reason for changes in rice morphological, physiological, and yield-related traits. …”
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The Shared Proteome of the Apomictic Fern <i>Dryopteris affinis</i> ssp. <i>affinis</i> and Its Sexual Relative <i>Dryopteris oreades</i> by Sara Ojosnegros, José Manuel Alvarez, Jonas Grossmann, Valeria Gagliardini, Luis G. Quintanilla, Ueli Grossniklaus, Helena Fernández

“…Most proteins are predicted to localize to the cytoplasm, the chloroplast, or the nucleus, and are linked to enzymatic, binding, and structural activities. …”
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Analysis of Photosynthetic Differences of Rice Germplasm in Southeast Asia Based on Leaf-Tissue Structure, Physiology, and iTRAQ by Xiaoli Zhang, Maoyan Tang, Hui Wang, Wei Tao, Qiang Wang, Lei Chen, Guoqing Gao, Ronghua Lv, Tianfeng Liang

“…Using C1 and G164 as materials, we compared the tissue structure, chloroplast ultrastructure, photosynthetic physiological indicators, and proteomics of sword leaves to determine the factors affecting photosynthetic function. …”
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DNA Extraction Protocol for Biological Ingredient Analysis of Liuwei Dihuang Wan by Xinwei Cheng, Xiaohua Chen, Xiaoquan Su, Huanxin Zhao, Maozhen Han, Cunpei Bo, Jian Xu, Hong Bai, Kang Ning

“…To further evaluate the different extraction methods, amplification of the second internal transcribed spacer (ITS2) and the chloroplast genome trnL intron was carried out. The results have shown that PCR amplification was successful only with template of DNA extracted by using TCM-CTAB. …”
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Assessment of the Geographic Origin of Romanian Common Bean (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> L.) Landraces Using Molecular Markers and Morphological Traits by Paula-Maria Galan, Livia-Ioana Leti, Silvia Strajeru, Denisa-Elena Petrescu, Mirela-Mihaela Cimpeanu, Alina-Carmen Tanasa, Dan-Marius Sandru, Dragos-Lucian Gorgan

“…Also, the <i>PvRPS4</i> gene from the chloroplast genome showed one SNP within its coding region, different for those two gene pools, which is directly involved in a nonsynonymous substitution. …”
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Comparative Proteomic Analysis by iTRAQ Reveals that Plastid Pigment Metabolism Contributes to Leaf Color Changes in Tobacco (<i>Nicotiana tabacum</i>) during Curing by Shengjiang Wu, Yushuang Guo, Muhammad Faheem Adil, Shafaque Sehar, Bin Cai, Zhangmin Xiang, Yonggao Tu, Degang Zhao, Imran Haider Shamsi

“…Our results displayed significant differences in leaf color parameters and ultrastructural fingerprints that indicate an acceleration of chloroplast disintegration and promotion of pigment degradation in tobacco leaves due to curing. …”
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