Structure of the TatC core of the twin-arginine protein transport system. by Rollauer, SE, Tarry, M, Graham, J, Jääskeläinen, M, Jäger, F, Johnson, S, Krehenbrink, M, Liu, S, Lukey, M, Marcoux, J, McDowell, M, Rodriguez, F, Roversi, P, Stansfeld, P, Robinson, C, Sansom, MS, Palmer, T, Högbom, M, Berks, B, Lea, S

“…The twin-arginine translocation (Tat) pathway is one of two general protein transport systems found in the prokaryotic cytoplasmic membrane and is conserved in the thylakoid membrane of plant chloroplasts. The defining, and highly unusual, property of the Tat pathway is that it transports folded proteins, a task that must be achieved without allowing appreciable ion leakage across the membrane. …”

Eukaryote Organisms / by Whaley, Leslie, author 648828

“…Most eukaryotic cells also contain other membrane-bound organelles such as mitochondria, chloroplasts and the Golgi apparatus. All species of large complex organisms are eukaryotes, including animals, plants and fungi, although most species of eukaryotic protists are microorganisms. …”
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Evolutionary aspects of the Viridiplantae nitroreductases by Siarhei A. Dabravolski

“…Our phylogeny estimation and preservation of the chloroplasts/mitochondrial localization indicate the evolutional origin of the plant nitroreductases from the cyanobacterial endosymbiont. …”
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Fucoxanthin and Its Metabolite Fucoxanthinol in Cancer Prevention and Treatment by Luc J. Martin

“…Fucoxanthin is a carotenoid present in the chloroplasts of brown seaweeds. When ingested, it is metabolized mainly to fucoxanthinol by digestive enzymes of the gastrointestinal tract. …”
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Structural model for the protein-translocating element of the twin-arginine transport system. by Rodriguez, F, Rouse, S, Tait, C, Harmer, J, De Riso, A, Timmel, C, Sansom, MS, Berks, B, Schnell, J

“…The twin-arginine translocase (Tat) carries out the remarkable process of translocating fully folded proteins across the cytoplasmic membrane of prokaryotes and the thylakoid membrane of plant chloroplasts. Tat is required for bacterial pathogenesis and for photosynthesis in plants. …”

Assembling the tat protein translocase by Alcock, F, Stansfeld, P, Basit, H, Habersetzer, J, Baker, M, Palmer, T, Wallace, M, Berks, B

“…The twin-arginine protein translocation system (Tat) transports folded proteins across the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane and the thylakoid membranes of plant chloroplasts. The Tat transporter is assembled from multiple copies of the membrane proteins TatA, TatB, and TatC. …”

Structural basis of outer membrane protein insertion by the BAM complex by Stansfeld, P, Gu, Y, Li, H, Zeng, Y, Zhang, Z, Paterson, N, Wang, Z, Zhang, Y, Wang, W, Dong, C

“…<p>All Gram-negative bacteria, mitochondria and chloroplasts have outer membrane proteins (OMPs) that perform many fundamental biological processes. …”

Assembling the Tat protein translocase by Alcock, F, Stansfeld, P, Basit, H, Habersetzer, J, Baker, M, Palmer, T, Wallace, M, Berks, B

“…The twin-arginine protein translocation system (Tat) transports folded proteins across the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane and the thylakoid membranes of plant chloroplasts. The Tat transporter is assembled from multiple copies of the membrane proteins TatA, TatB, and TatC. …”

Use of cluster analysis in the systematics of the algal genus Cryptomonas by Anton, Ann, Duthie, Hamish C.

“…The following characters were considered to be of taxonomic significance in separating the species: (i) cell shape and size, (ii) number of chloropasts, (iii) number and position of chloroplasts, (iv) flagella and gullet system, and (v) number and position of other included bodies. …”
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Mitigative effect of 6-benzyladenine on photosynthetic capacity and leaf ultrastructure of maize seedlings under waterlogging stress by J. WANG, Y.L. WANG, D.Y. WANG, J.X. HUANG, Y.B. LIU, M. ZHU, F.H. LI

“…Under the waterlogging conditions, 6-BA treatment of plants helped preserve the structural integrity of the chloroplasts and retain higher contents of photosynthetic pigments. …”
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Co-evolution of large inverted repeats and G-quadruplex DNA in fungal mitochondria may facilitate mitogenome stability: the case of Malassezia by Anastasia C. Christinaki, Bart Theelen, Alkmini Zania, Selene Dall’ Acqua Coutinho, Javier F. Cabañes, Teun Boekhout, Vassili N. Kouvelis

“…This mechanism is common in chloroplasts but, hitherto, rarely found in mitogenomes.…”
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Genome induced mutation in Callistephus chinensis Ness. - evaluation of plant fertility and seed characteristics by P. Hanzelka, F. Kobza

“…Achene (seed) size and thousand seed weight (TSW) can be classified among indirect identification methods (size of stomata, number of chloroplasts in guard cells, etc.) of polyploid plants.…”
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Formation of a β-barrel membrane protein is catalyzed by the interior surface of the assembly machine protein BamA by James Lee, David Tomasek, Thiago MA Santos, Mary D May, Ina Meuskens, Daniel Kahne

“…The β-barrel assembly machine (Bam) complex in Gram-negative bacteria and its counterparts in mitochondria and chloroplasts fold and insert outer membrane β-barrel proteins. …”
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Modifications in Tissue and Cell Ultrastructure as Elements of Immunity-Like Reaction in <i>Chenopodium quinoa</i> against Prune Dwarf Virus (PDV) by Edmund Kozieł, Katarzyna Otulak-Kozieł, Józef J. Bujarski

“…It turned out that PDV infection can cause deformations in host cells but also induce changes in the organelles, such as chloroplasts in inoculated leaves. Moreover, we also demonstrated specific reactions/changes, which could be associated with both types of vascular tissue capable of effectively blocking the systemic spread of PDV to upper leaves. …”
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DnaK3 Is Involved in Biogenesis and/or Maintenance of Thylakoid Membrane Protein Complexes in the Cyanobacterium <i>Synechocystis</i> sp. PCC 6803 by Adrien Thurotte, Tobias Seidel, Ruven Jilly, Uwe Kahmann, Dirk Schneider

“…As mentioned above, Hsp70 proteins are involved in photoprotection and repair of PS II in chloroplasts.…”
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A Structural Perspective on the RNA Editing of Plant Respiratory Complexes by Maria Maldonado, Kaitlyn Madison Abe, James Anthony Letts

“…This work shows how the structural perspective can bridge the gap between sequence and phenotype and provides a framework for the continued analysis of RNA-editing mutants in plant mitochondria and, by extension, in chloroplasts.…”
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Types of Cells in Biology / by Gearhart, Brooklynn, author 648822

“…Most eukaryotic cells also contain other membrane-bound organelles such as mitochondria, chloroplasts and the Golgi apparatus. All species of large complex organisms are eukaryotes, including animals, plants and fungi, although most species of eukaryotic protists are microorganisms. …”
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DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) / by Pullen, Christopher, author 648640

“…Eukaryotic organisms (animals, plants, fungi, and protists) store most of their DNA inside the cell nucleus and some of their DNA in organelles, such as mitochondria or chloroplasts. In contrast, prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea) store their DNA only in the cytoplasm. …”
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Life in biophotovoltaics systems by Shangjie Ge-Zhang, Taoyang Cai, Mingbo Song

“…In this mini-review, we summarized the biological materials widely used in BPV at present, mainly cyanobacteria, green algae, biological combinations (using multiple microorganisms in the same BPV system) and isolated products (purified thylakoids, chloroplasts, photosystem I, photosystem II), introduced how researchers overcome the shortcomings of low photocurrent output of BPV, pointed out the limitations that affected the development of BPV’ biological materials, and put forward reasonable assumptions accordingly.…”
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CHARACTERISTICS OF FLOWER NECTARIES OF Hedera helix L. (Araliaceae) by Agata Konarska

“…The nectary was supplied by vascular bundles with phloem and xylem. Numerous chloroplasts were visible in the cytoplasm of the external layers of glandular parenchyma; they were either typical with small starch grains or untypical with circular arrangement of thylakoids. …”
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