Enhanced Autophagic Activity Improved the Root Growth and Nitrogen Utilization Ability of Apple Plants under Nitrogen Starvation by Liuqing Huo, Zijian Guo, Qi Wang, Li Cheng, Xin Jia, Ping Wang, Xiaoqing Gong, Cuiying Li, Fengwang Ma

“…These characteristics contributed to the increased uptake of limited nitrogen nutrients by transgenic plants, which also reduced the starvation damage to the chloroplasts. Therefore, the <i>MdATG10</i>-overexpressing apple plants could maintain higher photosynthetic ability and possess better growth under nitrogen starvation stress.…”
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Biology of Two-Spotted Spider Mite (<i>Tetranychus urticae</i>): Ultrastructure, Photosynthesis, Guanine Transcriptomics, Carotenoids and Chlorophylls Metabolism, and Decoyinine as... by Ambra S. Parmagnani, Giuseppe Mannino, Carla Brillada, Mara Novero, Luca Dall’Osto, Massimo E. Maffei

“…Despite the presence of intact chloroplasts and chlorophyll in TSSMs, we demonstrate that TSSMs do not retain any photosynthetic activity. …”
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Overexpression of plastid lipid-associated protein in marine diatom enhances the xanthophyll synthesis and storage by Er-Ying Jiang, Er-Ying Jiang, Yong Fan, Nghi-Van Phung, Wan-Yue Xia, Guang-Rong Hu, Fu-Li Li, Fu-Li Li, Fu-Li Li

“…Plastoglobules, which are lipoprotein structures surrounded by a single hydrophobic phospholipid membrane, are subcellular organelles in plant chromoplasts and chloroplasts. They contain neutral lipids, tocopherols, quinones, chlorophyll metabolites, carotenoids and their derivatives. …”
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Genome-wide identification, evolution and function analysis of UGTs superfamily in cotton by Liangqing Sun, Liangqing Sun, Lanjie Zhao, Hui Huang, Yuexin Zhang, Junjuan Wang, Xuke Lu, Shuai Wang, Delong Wang, Xiugui Chen, Chao Chen, Lixue Guo, Nan Xu, Hong Zhang, Jing Wang, Cun Rui, Mingge Han, Yapeng Fan, Taili Nie, Wuwei Ye

“…UGT proteins were widely distributed in cells, with the highest distribution in chloroplasts. UGTs of the same clade shared similar intron/exon structural features. …”
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The effect of low growth temperature on Hill reaction and Photosystem 1 activities in three biotypes of Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad. with different sensitivity to atrazine and ALS-... by D. Holá, M. Kočová, O. Rothová, D. Chodová, J. Mikulka

“…A possible influence of low growth temperature on the photochemical activity of isolated mesophyll chloroplasts was studied in three biotypes of kochia [Kochia scoparia (L.) …”
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Integrative Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analysis at Organ Scale Reveals Gene Modules Involved in the Responses to Suboptimal Nitrogen Supply in Tomato by Begoña Renau-Morata, Rosa-Victoria Molina, Eugenio G. Minguet, Jaime Cebolla-Cornejo, Laura Carrillo, Raúl Martí, Víctor García-Carpintero, Eva Jiménez-Benavente, Lu Yang, Joaquín Cañizares, Javier Canales, Joaquín Medina, Sergio G. Nebauer

“…GO analyses of the identified genes revealed conserved biological functions involved in C and N metabolism and remobilization as well as other specifics such as the mitochondrial alternative respiration and chloroplastic cyclic electron flux. In addition, integrative analyses uncovered N regulated genes in root and leaf clusters, which are positively correlated with changes in the levels of different metabolites such as organic acids, amino acids, and formate. …”
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Metabolic evolution and the self-organization of ecosystems by Braakman, Rogier, Follows, Michael J, Chisholm, Sallie (Penny)

“…Moreover, the metabolic codependencies of Prochlorococcus and SAR11 are highly similar to those of chloroplasts and mitochondria within plant cells. These observations lead us to propose a general theory relating metabolic evolution to the self-amplification and self-organization of the biosphere. …”
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Isoprene: An Antioxidant Itself or a Molecule with Multiple Regulatory Functions in Plants? by Susanna Pollastri, Ivan Baccelli, Francesco Loreto

“…Isoprene (C₅H₈) is a small lipophilic, volatile organic compound (VOC), synthesized in chloroplasts of plants through the photosynthesis-dependent 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway. …”
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The red/blue light ratios from light-emitting diodes affect growth and flower quality of Hippeastrum hybridum ‘Red Lion’ by Shunli Wang, Xiaoting Liu, Xiaoning Liu, Jingqi Xue, Xiuxia Ren, Yanning Zhai, Xiuxin Zhang

“…Microscopic analysis showed that stomatal density was high, and the number of chloroplasts was large in the R10B90 treatment group, which enhanced photosynthesis. …”
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Development of a Prediction Method of Cell Density in Autotrophic/Heterotrophic Microorganism Mixtures by Machine Learning Using Absorbance Spectrum Data by Akihito Nakanishi, Hiroaki Fukunishi, Riri Matsumoto, Fumihito Eguchi

“…As a result of the SHAP analyses, not only the optical density, but also the absorbance of the Soret and Q bands derived from the chloroplasts of C. reinhardtii could contribute to the prediction as the features. …”
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Report of a Fish Kill Due to a Dinoflagellate Bloom in Perak and Penang, Malaysia by ROZIAWATI MOHD RAZALI, NURIN IZZATI MUSTAPA, WAN NORHANA MD. NOORDIN, MASAZURAH A. RAHIM, KIENG SOON HII, PO TEEN LIM, CHUI PIN LEAW, HARMAN MUHD-FAROUK, KU KASSIM KU YAACOB

“…The sulcus was slightly narrow surrounding the cell about one turn, but the cingulum was rather deep, encircling the cell approximately twice, and the chloroplasts were brownish, granular and scattered peripherally. …”
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Una nueva especie de Euglena (Euglenozoa: Euglenales) aislada de ambientes extremófilos en las Pailas de Barro del Volcán Rincón de la Vieja, Costa Rica by Ana Sittenfeld, Maribelle Vargas, Ethel Sánchez, Marielos Mora, Aurelio Serrano

“…Euglena pailasensis sp. nov. main features are: the absence of flagella, the presence filaments like "pilis", the presence of chloroplasts with pyrenoids crossed by several tylakoids, and acid and heat tolerance. …”
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Conformational dynamics of bacterial trigger factor in apo and ribosome-bound states. by Mehmet Tarik Can, Zeynep Kurkcuoglu, Gokce Ezeroglu, Arzu Uyar, Ozge Kurkcuoglu, Pemra Doruker

“…The chaperone trigger factor (TF) binds to the ribosome exit tunnel and helps cotranslational folding of nascent chains (NC) in bacterial cells and chloroplasts. In this study, we aim to investigate the functional dynamics of fully-atomistic apo TF and its complex with 50S. …”
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Cca-miR398 increases copper sulfate stress sensitivity via the regulation of CSD mRNA transcription levels in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana by Zhichao Sun, Lilu Shu, Wei Zhang, Zhengjia Wang

“…We identified that hickory cca-miR398 was related to copper sulfate stress response, targeting Copper/Zinc superoxide dismutases (cytosolic (CSD1) and chloroplastic (CSD2)) and a 5b subunit of mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase (COX5b.1) that are linked directly to stress regulatory networks. …”
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Cellular insights of beech leaf disease reveal abnormal ectopic cell division of symptomatic interveinal leaf areas. by Paulo Vieira, Mihail R Kantor, Andrew Jansen, Zafar A Handoo, Jonathan D Eisenback

“…Hyperplasia and hypertrophy of the different leaf cell layers, coupled with an abnormal proliferation of chloroplasts especially in the mesophyll cell layers, resulted in the typical interveinal leaf banding. …”
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Application of Satellite Image Processing Methods for Hydrocarbon Field Search by R. V. Fiodоrtsev, A. R. Silie Cuenca, D. A. Kozhevnikov, V. M. Medina, R. Delgado

“…The object of the study is software methods of the Earth surface images processing obtained from the VRSS-2 satellite to determine the spectral composition of the vegetation cover to detect the presence of carotenoids during prolonged exposure to hydrocarbons.The photosynthetic pigments of higher plants (chlorophylls, carotenoids and phytobiliproteins) were analyzed. In the chloroplasts of higher plants, chlorophyll and carotenoids are present in a ratio of about 3:1. …”
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Changes in the Physicochemical Properties of One Bud and Two Leaves at Different Leaf Positions during Congou Black Tea Processing by ZHOU Jingyun, HUANG Rui, OUYANG Ke, LU Anxia, CHEN Linmu, TONG Huarong

“…Besides, optical microscopic (OM) and transmission electron microscopic (TEM) analysis showed the structures of mesophyll cells and chloroplasts in both leaves were destroyed in the rolling process, indicating the beginning of fermentation. …”
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The phytotoxicity of microplastics to the photosynthetic performance and transcriptome profiling of Nicotiana tabacum seedlings by Linhong Teng, Yihao Zhu, Haibin Li, Xiliang Song, Lianhui Shi

“…Functional annotation revealed that the reduction in environment stress was mainly due to the repressed expression of light harvesting-, electron transport- and photosystem-related genes in chloroplasts. This study regarding the physiological and molecular responses of photosynthetic performance to soil PE-MP pollution provides a new viewpoint for exploring the plant photosynthesis regulating and protective mechanisms under soil MP stresses.…”
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Molecular Evolution of Maize Ascorbate Peroxidase Genes and Their Functional Divergence by Chunxiang Qu, Lin Wang, Yingwei Zhao, Chao Liu

“…</i> The <i>APX</i> genes of class A were located in the chloroplasts or mitochondria, and the class B and C genes were localized in the peroxisomes and cytoplasm, respectively. …”
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Structural bioinformatics studies of bacterial outer membrane beta-barrel transporters and their AlphaFold2 predicted water-soluble QTY variants. by Akash Sajeev-Sheeja, Eva Smorodina, Shuguang Zhang

“…Beta-barrel outer membrane proteins (OMP) are integral components of Gram-negative bacteria, eukaryotic mitochondria, and chloroplasts. They play essential roles in various cellular processes including nutrient transport, membrane stability, host-pathogen interactions, antibiotic resistance and more. …”
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