Starch metabolism in potato <i>Solanum tuberosum</i> L. by E. M. Sergeeva, K. T. Larichev, E. A. Salina, A. V. Kochetov

“…Transitory starch is synthesized in chloroplasts of photosynthetic organs and degraded in the absence of light, providing carbohydrates for cell needs. …”
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Effect of drought on photosynthetic apparatus, activity of antioxidant enzymes, and productivity of modern winter wheat varieties by V. V. Morgun, O. O. Stasik, D. A. Kiriziy, O. G. Sokolovska-Sergiienko

“…It was found that in the flag leaf under drought condition, the chlorophyll content, net CO2 assimilation rate, and transpiration rate decreased, while the leaf water deficit, the ratio of photorespiration to CO2 assimilation, and the activity of chloroplasts antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and ascorbate peroxidase) increased. …”
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Enhancing flavonoid production by promiscuous activity of prenyltransferase, BrPT2 from Boesenbergia rotunda by Yvonne Jing Mei Liew, Yean Kee Lee, Norzulaani Khalid, Noorsaadah Abd Rahman, Boon Chin Tan

“…The deduced protein sequence shared highest gene sequence homology (81%) with the predicted homogentisate phytyltransferase 2 chloroplastic isoform X1 from Musa acuminata subsp. Malaccensis. …”
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Categorizing 161 plant (streptophyte) mitochondrial group II introns into 29 families of related paralogues finds only limited links between intron mobility and intron-borne matura... by Simon Zumkeller, Volker Knoop

“…Abstract Group II introns are common in the two endosymbiotic organelle genomes of the plant lineage. Chloroplasts harbor 22 positionally conserved group II introns whereas their occurrence in land plant (embryophyte) mitogenomes is highly variable and specific for the seven major clades: liverworts, mosses, hornworts, lycophytes, ferns, gymnosperms and flowering plants. …”
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Mechanism of ADP-Inhibited ATP Hydrolysis in Single Proton-Pumping F_oF₁-ATP Synthase Trapped in Solution by Iván Pérez, Thomas Heitkamp, Michael Börsch

“…F_oF₁-ATP synthases in mitochondria, in chloroplasts, and in most bacteria are proton-driven membrane enzymes that supply the cells with ATP made from ADP and phosphate. …”
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Physiological and Cellular Ultrastructural Responses of <i>Sesuvium portulacastrum</i> under Cd Stress Grown Hydroponically by Mohammad Mazbah Uddin, Zhenfang Chen, Fuliu Xu, Lingfeng Huang

“…Cd stress had a considerable impact on the structure of the roots, stems, and leaves cells, such as distorted and thinner cell walls and the deformation of chloroplasts, mitochondria, and other organelles. Therefore, the increased number of nucleolus in the cell nucleus suggests that cells may be able to maintain their protein synthesis in a stressful environment. …”
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Beta carbonic anhydrases: novel targets for pesticides and anti-parasitic agents in agriculture and livestock husbandry by Reza Zolfaghari Emameh, Harlan Barker, Vesa P Hytönen, Martti E E Tolvanen, Seppo Parkkila

“…Results Six β-CAs of insects and parasites and six β-CAs of plants are predicted to be mitochondrial and chloroplastic, respectively, and thus may be involved in important metabolic functions. …”
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Comprehensive Transcriptome Analysis of Rare <i>Carpinus putoensis</i> Plants under NO₂ stress by Qianqian Sheng, Congzhe Liu, Min Song, Jingyuan Xu, Zunling Zhu

“…According to the KEGG pathway and GO analyses, photosynthesis, chloroplasts, plastids, and the stimulus response are related to NO₂ stress. …”
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In silico characterization and homology modeling of cytosolic APX gene predicts novel glycine residue modulating waterlogging stress response in pigeon pea by Anshika Tyagi, Sandhya Sharma, Harsha Srivastava, Nagendra Kumar Singh, Kishor Gaikwad

“…Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) is a member of the family of heme-containing peroxidases having a similar structure with Cytochrome c peroxidase (CCP) that effectively scavenge cytosolic and chloroplastic hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) under various stresses. …”
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Tea leaf’s microstructure and ultrastructure response to low temperature in indicating critical damage temperature by Yongzong Lu, Yongguang Hu, Richard L. Snyder, Eric R. Kent

“…TEM observations showed that the cell nucleus, cell walls, chloroplasts and mitochondria all had normal structure at a temperature of 8.6 °C where the membrane and granum lamella were clearly visible. …”
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Taro raphide‐associated proteins: Allergens and crystal growth by Robert E. Paull, Dessireé Zerpa‐Catanho, Nancy J. Chen, Gail Uruu, Ching Man Jennifer Wai, Michael Kantar

“…Using two‐dimensional (2D) gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry (MS) peptide sequencing of selected peptides from purified raphides and taro apex transcriptome sequencing, we showed the presence on the raphides of peptides normally associated with mitochrondria (ATP synthase), chloroplasts (chaperonin ~60 kDa), cytoplasm (actin, profilin), and vacuole (V‐type ATPase) that indicates a multistage biocrystallation process ending with possible invagination of the tonoplast and addition of mucilage that may be derived from the Golgi. …”
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Photovoltaic devices using photosynthetic protein complexes by Das, Rupa, 1980-

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Mechanism of carbon partitioning towards starch and triacylglycerol in Chlorella vulgaris under nitrogen stress through whole-transcriptome analysis by Nordin, Norazela, Yusof, Norjan, Maeda, Toshinari, Mustapha, Nurul Asyifah, Mohd Yusoff, Mohd Zulkhairi, Raja Khairuddin, Raja Farhana

“…The results suggested that nitrogen stress triggered high starch accumulation before the carbon was partitioned towards triacylglycerol (TAG) for long-term energy storage by two different pathways: chloroplastic TAG synthesis and glycerolipid metabolism. …”
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Effects of Glyphosate-Based Herbicide on Primary Production and Physiological Fitness of the Macroalgae <i>Ulva lactuca</i> by Ricardo Cruz de Carvalho, Eduardo Feijão, Ana Rita Matos, Maria Teresa Cabrita, Andrei B. Utkin, Sara C. Novais, Marco F. L. Lemos, Isabel Caçador, João Carlos Marques, Patrick Reis-Santos, Vanessa F. Fonseca, Bernardo Duarte

“…Although GBHs cause deleterious effects such as the inhibition of photosynthetic activity, particularly at 250 μg·L⁻¹, due to the impairment of the electron transport in the chloroplasts, these changes are almost completely reverted at the highest concentration (500 μg·L⁻¹). …”
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GDSL Esterase/Lipase GELP1 Involved in the Defense of Apple Leaves against <i>Colletotrichum gloeosporioides</i> Infection by Zhirui Ji, Meiyu Wang, Shuwu Zhang, Yinan Du, Jialin Cong, Haifeng Yan, Haimeng Guo, Bingliang Xu, Zongshan Zhou

“…Transient expression in <i>Nicotiana benthamiana</i> showed that GELP1-eGFP localized to the endoplasmic reticulum and chloroplasts. GELP1 overexpression in GL-3 plants increased resistance to <i>C. gloeosporioides</i>. …”
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Microcystin-LR, a Cyanobacterial Toxin, Induces Changes in the Organization of Membrane Compartments in Arabidopsis by Gabriella Petra Juhász, Sándor Kéki, Anita Dékány-Adamoczky, Csongor Freytag, Gábor Vasas, Csaba Máthé, Tamás Garda

“…MCY-LR also increased the frequency of stromules appearing on chloroplasts after 1 h treatments. Along the stromules, signals can be transported between plastids and endoplasmic reticulum. …”
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Nanopore sequencing of organellar genomes revealed heteroplasmy in simple thalloid and leafy liverworts by Jakub Sawicki, Katarzyna Krawczyk, Mateusz Kurzyński, Mateusz Maździarz, Łukasz Paukszto, Paweł Sulima, Monika Szczecińska

“…Membrane-bound organelles, such as mitochondria and chloroplasts, have played a crucial role in the evolution of plant cells. …”
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Functional Analysis of A Soybean Ferredoxin-NADP Reductase (FNR) Gene in Response to Soybean Mosaic Virus by Yingchao Shen, Adhimoolam Karthikeyan, Yunhua Yang, Na Ma, Jinlong Yin, Yuan Yuan, Liqun Wang, Haijian Zhi

“…The Ferredoxin-NADP reductase (FNR) gene plays a significant role in NADPH production, carbon assimilation, antioxidation, and cross-talking between chloroplasts and mitochondria in plants. This study aims to know the functional response of the soybean FNR gene (<i>GmFNR</i>) during a soybean mosaic virus (SMV) infection. …”
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Endosymbiotic Green Algae in <i>Paramecium bursaria</i>: A New Isolation Method and a Simple Diagnostic PCR Approach for the Identification by Christian Spanner, Tatyana Darienko, Tracy Biehler, Bettina Sonntag, Thomas Pröschold

“…Both algal genera are unicellular green algae characterized by cup-shaped chloroplasts containing a single pyrenoid and reproduction by autospores. …”
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Silencing an ATP-Dependent Caseinolytic Protease Proteolytic Subunit Gene Enhances the Resistance of Rice to <i>Nilaparvata lugens</i> by Shuting Chen, Miaofen Ye, Peng Kuai, Lin Chen, Yonggen Lou

“…These findings demonstrate that an OsClpP6-mediated Clp system in rice was involved in plant growth-defense trade-offs by affecting the biosynthesis of defense-related signaling molecules in chloroplasts. Moreover, rice plants, after recognizing BPH infestation, can enhance rice resistance to BPH by decreasing the Clp system activity. …”
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