Illumina RNA and SMRT Sequencing Reveals the Mechanism of Uptake and Transformation of Selenium Nanoparticles in Soybean Seedlings by Yuzhou Xiong, Xumin Xiang, Chunmei Xiao, Na Zhang, Hua Cheng, Shen Rao, Shuiyuan Cheng, Li Li

“…The top six hub genes and their closely coexpressed Se metabolism-related genes, such as <i>adenylylsulfate reductase</i> (<i>APR3</i>), <i>methionine-tRNA ligase</i> (<i>SYM</i>), and <i>chloroplastic Nifs-like cysteine desulfurases</i> (<i>CNIF1</i>), were screened by WGCNA and identified to play crucial roles in SeNPs accumulation and tolerance in soybean. …”
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Omics-assisted characterization of two-component system genes from Gossypium Raimondii in response to salinity and molecular interaction with abscisic acid by Asima Rasool, Farrukh Azeem, Mahmood Ur-Rahman, Muhammad Rizwan, Muhammad Hussnain Siddique, Daniyah Habiballah Bay, Najat Binothman, Najla Amin T. Al Kashgry, Sameer H. Qari

“…In plants, the TCS elements help in a variety of functions, including cell proliferation, response to abiotic and biotic stresses, leaf senescence, nutritional signaling, and division of chloroplasts. Three different kinds of proteins make up the TCS system in plants. …”
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FtsH4 protease controls biogenesis of the PSII complex by dual regulation of high light-inducible proteins by Vendula Krynická, Petra Skotnicová, Philip J. Jackson, Samuel Barnett, Jianfeng Yu, Anna Wysocka, Radek Kaňa, Mark J. Dickman, Peter J. Nixon, C. Neil Hunter, Josef Komenda

“…FtsH proteases are membrane-embedded proteolytic complexes important for protein quality control and regulation of various physiological processes in bacteria, mitochondria, and chloroplasts. Like most cyanobacteria, the model species Synechocystis sp. …”
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Cold Tolerance of <i>ScCBL6</i> Is Associated with Tonoplast Transporters and Photosynthesis in <i>Arabidopsis</i> by Yanli Zhou, Jingling Zhang, Changhong Zhao, Guangqiang Long, Chengli Zhou, Xudong Sun, Yunqiang Yang, Chengjun Zhang, Yongping Yang

“…Proteins encoded by differentially expressed genes were predicted to be localized in chloroplasts, mitochondria, and vacuoles, suggesting that ScCBL6 exerts a wide range of functions. …”
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Physiological and Biochemical Changes in Vegetable and Field Crops under Drought, Salinity and Weeds Stresses: Control Strategies and Management by Khaled Abdelaal, Moodi Saham Alsubeie, Yaser Hafez, Amero Emeran, Farahat Moghanm, Salah Okasha, Reda Omara, Mohammed A. Basahi, Doaa Bahaa Eldin Darwish, Mohamed F. M. Ibrahim, Ahmed Abou El-Yazied, Emadeldeen Ahmed Rashwan, Amr Elkelish, Mohamed Ahmed Mady, Farag Ibraheem

“…ROS such as superoxide (O₂^•−), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), peroxyl radical (ROO^•), and singlet oxygen (1O₂) are very important molecules produced naturally as by-products of metabolic processes in chloroplasts, mitochondria, peroxisomes, and the apoplast. …”
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A TaSnRK1α Modulates TaPAP6L‐Mediated Wheat Cold Tolerance through Regulating Endogenous Jasmonic Acid by Lingran Zhang, Ning Zhang, Sisheng Wang, Hongyan Tian, Lu Liu, Dan Pei, Xiaodong Yu, Lei Zhao, Feng Chen

“…A plastid‐lipid‐associated protein 6, chloroplastic‐like (TaPAP6L‐2B) strongly interacting with TaSnRK1α‐1A is screened. …”
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Overexpression of <i>GmRIQ2-like</i> (<i>Glyma.04G174400</i>) Enhances the Tolerance of Strong Light Stress and Reduces Photoinhibition in Soybean (<i>Glycine max</i> (L.) Merr.) by Jing Deng, Dongmei Li, Huayi Yin, Li Ma, Jiukun Zhang, Binbin Zhang

“…The subcellular localization results revealed that the protein encoded by <i>GmRIQ2-like</i> was located in chloroplasts. The quantitative real-time (qRT)-PCR results revealed that <i>GmRIQ2-like-</i>overexpression (OE) and -knock-out (KO) transgenic soybean seedlings were cultivated successfully. …”
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Tandem application of endophytic fungus Serendipita indica and phosphorus synergistically recuperate arsenic induced stress in rice by Shafaque Sehar, Qidong Feng, Muhammad Faheem Adil, Falak Sehar Sahito, Zakir Ibrahim, Zakir Ibrahim, Dost Muhammad Baloch, Najeeb Ullah, Younan Ouyang, Yushuang Guo, Imran Haider Shamsi

“…Ultrastructure images of root and shoot exhibited ravages of As in the form of chloroplasts-, nuclei-and cell wall-damage with enlarged vacuole area, mellowed mostly by the combined treatment of S. indica and P in both genotypes. …”
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Carotenoid Cleavage Dioxygenase Genes of <i>Chimonanthus praecox</i>, <i>CpCCD7</i> and <i>CpCCD8</i>, Regulate Shoot Branching in <i>Arabidopsis</i> by Xia Wang, Daofeng Liu, Jie Lin, Ting Zhu, Ning Liu, Ximeng Yang, Jing Ma, Shunzhao Sui

“…Both CpCCD7 and CpCCD8 localized to chloroplasts in <i>Arabidopsis</i>. <i>CpCCD7</i> and <i>CpCCD8</i> overexpression restored the phenotypes of branching mutant <i>max3-9</i> and <i>max4-1</i>, respectively. …”
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Evolution of the Inhibitory and Non-Inhibitory ε, ζ, and IF₁ Subunits of the F₁F_O-ATPase as Related to the Endosymbiotic Origin of Mitochondria by Francisco Mendoza-Hoffmann, Mariel Zarco-Zavala, Raquel Ortega, Heliodoro Celis-Sandoval, Alfredo Torres-Larios, José J. García-Trejo

“…To prevent futile F₁F_O-ATPase activity, several different inhibitory proteins or domains in bacteria (ε and ζ subunits), mitochondria (IF₁), and chloroplasts (ε and γ disulfide) emerged to block the F₁F_O-ATPase activity selectively. …”
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The structural features of Acetobacterium woodii F‐ATP synthase reveal the importance of the unique subunit γ‐loop in Na+ translocation and ATP synthesis by Bogdanović, Nebojša, Trifunović, Dragan, Sielaff, Hendrik, Westphal, Lars, Bhushan, Shashi, Müller, Volker, Grüber, Gerhard

“…Finally, the γ195–211 loop of A. woodii is discussed in comparison with the extra γ‐loops of mycobacterial and chloroplasts F‐ATP synthases described to be involved in species‐specific regulatory mechanisms.…”
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Plant-Growth Promoting Microbes Change the Photosynthetic Response to Light Quality in Spinach by Luca Vitale, Ermenegilda Vitale, Silvana Francesca, Christian Lorenz, Carmen Arena

“…Furthermore, the RB regime also stimulates the processes of light conversion into chemical energy through chloroplasts, as indicated by the higher values of Q_pp and <i>P</i>_Nmax in RB compared to W plants. …”
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Identification, Evolutionary Dynamics, and Gene Expression Patterns of the <i>ACP</i> Gene Family in Responding to Salt Stress in <i>Brassica</i> Genus by Fang Qian, Dan Zuo, Tuo Zeng, Lei Gu, Hongcheng Wang, Xuye Du, Bin Zhu, Jing Ou

“…Subcellular localization experiments demonstrated that <i>ACP</i> genes in <i>Brassica</i> species are localized in chloroplasts and mitochondria. <i>Cis</i>-acting element analysis revealed that most of the <i>ACP</i> genes were associated with various abiotic stresses. …”
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Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the RADIALIS-like Gene Family in <i>Camellia sinensis</i> by Shaoying Wang, Beibei Wen, Yun Yang, Shanshan Long, Jianjun Liu, Meifeng Li

“…According to protein functional interaction networks, CsaRL1a was well connected with WIN1-like, lysine histidine transporter-1-like, β-amylase 3 chloroplastic-like, carbonic anhydrase-2-like (CA2), and carbonic anhydrase dnaJC76 (DJC76). …”
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Inhibition of <i>Aspergillus flavus</i> Growth and Aflatoxin Production in <i>Zea mays</i> L. Using Endophytic <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i> by Amer M. Abdelaziz, Deiaa A. El-Wakil, Mohamed S. Attia, Omar M. Ali, Hamada AbdElgawad, Amr H. Hashem

“…The ultrastructure of the infected leaves showed severe disturbances in the internal structures, such as lack of differentiation in cells, cracking, and lysis in the cell wall and destruction in the nucleus semi-lysis of chloroplasts. Ultrastructure observations indicated that <i>A. fumigatus</i> treatment increased maize (leaf and root) cell wall thickness that consequentially reduced the invasion of the pathogenic <i>A. flavus</i>. …”
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Analysis of growth resistance mechanisms and causes in tea plants (Camellia sinensis) in high-pH regions of Northern China by Chun-Lei Li, Jing Xu, Hong-Mei Xu, Jie Liu, Long-Xiang Zhang, Zi-Kai Wang

“…Calcium (Ca) contents in Shouguang soil was 9.90 times higher than that of Rizhao soil.ConclusionsWe conclude that the soil in high-pH areas hindered tea plant uptake of N, Zn, Cu, and Mn, which had a detrimental effect on chloroplasts and reductions in chlorophyll synthesis, contributing to yellowing disease and albinism. …”
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Transcriptome Analysis of Genes Involved in Cold Hardiness of Peach Tree (<i>Prunus persica</i>) Shoots during Cold Acclimation and Deacclimation by Duk Jun Yu, Sung Hoon Jun, Junhyung Park, Jung Hyun Kwon, Hee Jae Lee

“…These DEGs, including <i>early light-induced protein 1</i>, <i>chloroplastic</i>, <i>14-kDa proline-rich protein DC2.15</i>, <i>glutamate dehydrogenase 2</i>, and <i>triacylglycerol lipase 2,</i> could be candidate genes to determine cold hardiness.…”
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Expression of the rice hoja blanca virus (RHBV) non-structural protein 3 (NS3) in Escherichia coli and its in situ localization in RHBV-infected rice tissues by Miguel Muñoz, Isela Bolaños, Griselda Arrieta-Espinoza, Ana M Espinoza

“…Immunoelectron microscopy with colloidal gold-labeled antibodies against NS3 protein and the viral nucleocapsid protein revealed in situ accumulation of NS3 protein in the cytoplasm but not in the viral inclusion bodies, vacuoles or chloroplasts of RHBV-infected plants, following the same pattern of distribution as the RHBV nucleocapsid protein. …”
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Synergistic Influence of <i>Arbuscular mycorrhizal</i> Fungi Inoculation with Nanoparticle Foliar Application Enhances Chili (<i>Capsicum annuum</i> L.) Antioxidant Enzymes, Anatom... by Eman G. Sayed, S. F. Desoukey, Abeer F. Desouky, Mervat F. Farag, Ragab I. EL-kholy, Samah N. Azoz

“…Regarding histological structure, the combination of AMF inoculation and ZnO-NPs + Se-NPs as a foliar spray showed an enhancement in the thickness of grana thylakoids and increased the number of chloroplasts. Intriguingly, the findings showed that AMF and a mixture of nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs + Se-NPs) could offer guidance for increasing plant development and productivity under cold-stress conditions.…”
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Genome-Wide Identification of <i>GATA</i> Family Genes in <i>Phoebe bournei</i> and Their Transcriptional Analysis under Abiotic Stresses by Ziyuan Yin, Wenhai Liao, Jingshu Li, Jinxi Pan, Sijia Yang, Shipin Chen, Shijiang Cao

“…Further studies showed that <i>PbGATA11</i> was localized to chloroplasts and expressed in five tissues, including the root bark, root xylem, stem bark, stem xylem, and leaf, which means that <i>PbGATA11</i> may have a potential role in the regulation of chlorophyll synthesis. …”
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