The marker choice: Unexpected resolving power of an unexplored CO1 region for layered DNA barcoding approaches. by Jessica Rach, Tjard Bergmann, Omid Paknia, Rob DeSalle, Bernd Schierwater, Heike Hadrys

“…In contrast, the amplification of the "Folmer region" using the universal primers was difficult and the third codon positions of this fragment have experienced nucleotide substitution saturation. …”
Get full text

Genomic Insights into the Rice Blast Fungus through Estimation of Gene Emergence Time in Phylogenetic Context by Jaeyoung Choi, Jong-Joon Lee, Junhyun Jeon

“…Our phylostrata-wide analysis of genes revealed that genes in the same phylostratum tend to be similar in many physical and functional characteristics such as gene length and structure, GC contents, codon adaptation index, and level of transcription, which correlates with biological functions in evolutionary context. …”
Get full text

A Modelling Framework Linking Resource-Based Stochastic Translation to the Optimal Design of Synthetic Constructs by Peter Sarvari, Duncan Ingram, Guy-Bart Stan

“…We show how our framework can be used to link a synthetic construct’s modular design (promoter, ribosome binding site (RBS) and codon composition) to protein yield during continuous culture, with a particular focus on the effects of low-efficiency codons and their impact on ribosomal queues. …”
Get full text

Detection of Testicular Metastasis from Renal Cell Carcinoma on PSMA-PET Scan by Theresa Olmstead, Michael Emmerling, Surekha Bantumilli, Mathew Raynor, Matthew E. Nielsen, Marc A. Bjurlin, Tracy L. Rose

Get full text

Characterization of complete mitochondrial genome of Pogonophryne albipinna (Perciformes: Artedidraconidae) by Nazia Tabassum, Md. Jobaidul Alam, Jeong-Hoon Kim, Soo Rin Lee, Ji-Hyun Lee, Hyun Park, Hyun-Woo Kim

“…Except for ATP6 gene and COI (GTG), 11 genes begin with the typical start codon, while incomplete stop codons (T– –) were identified in COII, ND4, and CytB. …”
Get full text

Cloning and Comparative Studies of Seaweed Trehalose-6-Phosphate Synthase Genes by Bin Wang, Delin Duan, Jianting Yao, Manli Weng, Guoyong Jiang, Baotai Guo, Jianwei Sun, Jinsong Xuan, Yanbin Feng, Ge Zhao, Guoliang Wang, Tao Liu

“…PyTPS encodes a protein of 908 amino acids before a stop codon, and has a calculated molecular mass of 101,591 Daltons. …”
Get full text

An engineered bacterium auxotrophic for an unnatural amino acid: a novel biological containment system by Yusuke Kato

“…This synthetic auxotrophy was achieved by conditional production of the antidote protein against the highly toxic enzyme colicin E3. An amber stop codon was inserted in the antidote gene. The translation of the antidote mRNA was controlled by a translational switch using amber-specific 3-iodo-L-tyrosine incorporation. …”
Get full text

Propagation of a De Novo Gene under Natural Selection: Antifreeze Glycoprotein Genes and Their Evolutionary History in Codfishes by Xuan Zhuang, C.-H. Christina Cheng

“…In three select species representing different AFGP-bearing clades, we analyzed all AFGP gene family members and the broader scale <i>AFGP</i> genomic regions in detail. Codon usage analyses suggest that motif duplication produced the intragenic AFGP tripeptide coding repeats, and rapid sequence divergence post-duplication stabilized the recombination-prone long repetitive coding region. …”
Get full text

Reduction in noise-induced functional loss of the cochleae in mice with pre-existing cochlear dysfunction due to genetic interference of prestin. by Qunfeng Cai, Bo Wang, Donald Coling, Jian Zuo, Jie Fang, Shiming Yang, Krystal Vera, Bo Hua Hu

“…To address this question, a genetic model of prestin dysfunction in mice was created by inserting an internal ribosome entry site (IRES)-CreERT2-FRT-Neo-FRT cassette into the prestin locus after the stop codon. Homozygous mice exhibit a threshold elevation of auditory brainstem responses with large individual variation. …”
Get full text

Co-inherited mutations of Fas and caspase-10 in development of the autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome by Lenardo Michael J, Chiocchetti Annalisa, Rosolen Angelo, Crescenzio Nicoletta, Garelli Emanuela, Ferretti Massimo, Campagnoli Maria F, Cerutti Elisa, Ramenghi Ugo, Dianzani Umberto

“…The second had a mutation causing a premature stop codon (Q47X) in the Fas gene and the Y446C substitution in caspase-10. …”
Get full text

Two interesting cases of a rare haemoglobin variant – Haemoglobin J Meerut with varied clinical presentations by Aneesha Kataria, Sabina Khan, Shivali Sehgal, Sujata Jetley

“…It results from mutation at codon 120 of the α globin gene changing the alanine to glutamic acid. …”
Get full text

The complete mitochondrial genome of Dudusa sphingiformis (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae) and phylogenetic analysis by Feng Zhou, Liyuan Yao, Zhibo Hou, Peng Yu, Lingyun Chen, Junyu Liang

“…Almost all the PCGs initiated with typical ATN codons, except for cox1 with CGA. Among them, nine PCGs terminated with TAA or TAG, while other four PCGs (cox1, cox2, nad5, and nad4) with incomplete stop codon T. …”
Get full text

The interplay between PolyQ and protein context delays aggregation by forming a reservoir of protofibrils. by Donatella Bulone, Laura Masino, David J Thomas, Pier Luigi San Biagio, Annalisa Pastore

“…Polyglutamine (polyQ) diseases are inherited neurodegenerative disorders caused by the expansion of CAG codon repeats, which code for polyQ in the corresponding gene products. …”
Get full text

The complete mitochondrial genome of the blue runner, Caranx crysos (Mitchill, 1815) (Teleostei: Carangidae) by A-Young Jeon, Ji-Hyun Lee, Sapto Andriyono, J. Adonis Zuweh, Hyun-Woo Kim

“…The circular mitogenome encoded a typical 37 genes, including 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 2 ribosomal RNA genes (12S rRNA and 16S rRNA), and 22 tRNA genes. An unusual start codon (GTG) was identified for the COX1 gene, and incomplete stop codons (T–/TA–) were found in seven genes, including ND2, ND3, ND4, COX2, COX3, ATP6, and CytB. …”
Get full text

NMR study of eukaryotic translation termination by Wong, Leo E

“…Exact mechanism of stop codon recognition by class I release factor eRF1 and the cooperative role of class II release factor eRF3 remain obscure. …”
Get full text

Molecular phylogeny of horseshoe crab using mitochondrial Cox1 gene as a benchmark sequence by John, Akbar, Khan Chowdhury, Ahmed Jalal, Yunus, Kamaruzzaman, Kasim, Zaleha, Kumar, C. Prasanna

“…The observed mean Genetic Distance (GD) value was higher in 3rd codon position in all the selected group of organisms. …”
Get full text

Molecular phylogeny of horseshoe crab by Yunus, Kamaruzzaman, John, Akbar, Kasim, Zaleha, Khan Chowdhury, Ahmed Jalal

“…The observed mean Genetic Distance (GD) value was higher in 3rd codon position in all the selected group of organisms. …”
Get full text

A ribosomopathy reveals decoding defective ribosomes driving human dysmorphism. by Paolini, N, Attwood, M, Sondalle, S, Vieira, C, van Adrichem, A, di Summa, F, O'Donohue, M, Gleizes, P, Rachuri, S, Briggs, J, Fischer, R, Ratcliffe, P, Wlodarski, M, Houtkooper, R, von Lindern, M, Kuijpers, T, Dinman, J, Baserga, S, Cockman, M, MacInnes, A

“…The amino acid substitutions lie in two highly conserved loop regions of uS12 with known roles in maintaining the accuracy of mRNA codon translation. Primary cells revealed one substitution severely impaired OGFOD1-dependent hydroxylation of a neighboring proline residue resulting in 40S ribosomal subunits that were blocked from polysome formation. …”

Allelic variation in normal human FBN1 expression in a family with Marfan syndrome: a potential modifier of phenotype? by Hutchinson, S, Furger, A, Halliday, D, Judge, D, Jefferson, A, Dietz, H, Firth, H, Handford, P

“…This suggested that allelic variation in normal FBN1 expression might occur in MFS families, and have potential clinical implications particularly for those with premature termination codon (PTC) mutations who usually display low levels of expression from the mutant allele due to nonsense-mediated decay (NMD). …”

A stretched conformation of DNA with a biological role? by Bosaeus, N, Reymer, A, Beke-Somfai, T, Brown, T, Takahashi, M, Wittung-Stafshede, P, Rocha, S, Norden, B

“…Because a triplet is the length of a gene codon, we speculate that the structural physics of nucleic acids may have biased the evolution of recombinase proteins to exploit triplet base stacks and also the genetic code.…”