Comparative Analysis Reveals Different Evolutionary Fates and Biological Functions in Wheat Duplicated Genes (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) by Licao Cui, Hao Cheng, Zhe Yang, Chuan Xia, Lichao Zhang, Xiuying Kong

“…In this study, the resulting data showed that the duplicated genes evolved faster with shorter gene lengths, higher codon usage bias, lower expression levels, and higher tissue specificity when compared to non-duplicated genes. …”
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Effect of the Addition of the Fifth Amino Acid to [GADV]-Protein on the Three-Dimensional Structure by Koichi Kato, Tomoki Nakayoshi, Ryota Oyaizu, Natsuko Noda, Eiji Kurimoto, Akifumi Oda

“…The [GA(D/E)V]-peptide with G:A:D:V:E = 2:2:1:2:1 according to the occurrence ratio in the codon table also increased the secondary structure contents compared to the [GADV]-peptide, indicating that the addition of glutamic acid increased the structure formation ability of the primitive protein candidates.…”
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Examining the Relationship between Depression, Anxiety and Stress in Kidney Cancer Patients by Türev Demirtaş, Zekeriya Temircan

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21-Hydroxylase deficiency in Brazil by T.A.S.S. Bachega, A.E.C. Billerbeck, G. Madureira, J.A.M. Marcondes, C.A. Longui, M.V. Leite, I.J.P. Arnhold, B.B. Mendonça

“…To diagnose these remaining alleles we sequenced the CYP21 gene of one patient with the SV form and identified a heterozygous G->A transition in codon 424. This mutation leads to a substitution of glycine by serine in a conserved region and was also found in a compound heterozygous state in 4 other patients. …”
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Mutation in the RPE65 gene causing hereditary retinal dystrophy in the Briard dogs: application of a new detection method by R. Bechyňová, J. Dostál, A. Stratil, F. Jílek, P. Horák

“…This deletion results in a frameshift and leads to a premature stop codon and expression of a non-functional protein. …”
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A Dysferlin Exon 32 Nonsense Mutant Mouse Model Shows Pathological Signs of Dysferlinopathy by Océane Ballouhey, Marie Chapoton, Benedicte Alary, Sébastien Courrier, Nathalie Da Silva, Martin Krahn, Nicolas Lévy, Noah Weisleder, Marc Bartoli

“…This mutant mouse model is expected to be useful for testing various therapeutic approaches such as termination codon readthrough, pharmacological approaches, and exon skipping. …”
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STXBP6 Gene Mutation: A New Form of SNAREopathy Leads to Developmental Epileptic Encephalopathy by Mirella Vinci, Carola Costanza, Rosanna Galati Rando, Simone Treccarichi, Salvatore Saccone, Marco Carotenuto, Michele Roccella, Francesco Calì, Maurizio Elia, Luigi Vetri

“…The truncated protein in the <i>STXBP6</i> gene leading to a premature stop codon could negatively modulate the synaptic vesicles’ exocytosis. …”
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SARS-CoV-2 Nsp1 cooperates with initiation factors EIF1 and 1A to selectively enhance translation of viral RNA. by Ranen Aviner, Peter V Lidsky, Yinghong Xiao, Michel Tassetto, Damian Kim, Lichao Zhang, Patrick L McAlpine, Joshua Elias, Judith Frydman, Raul Andino

“…When EIF1/1A are depleted, more ribosomes initiate translation from a conserved upstream CUG start codon found in all genomic and subgenomic viral RNAs. …”
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The epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory features of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease patients in China: surveillance data from 2006 to 2010. by Chen Gao, Qi Shi, Chan Tian, Cao Chen, Jun Han, Wei Zhou, Bao-Yun Zhang, Hui-Ying Jiang, Jin Zhang, Xiao-Ping Dong

“…The presence of myoclonus was significantly closely related with the appearance of PSWC in EEG. Polymorphisms of codon 129 in PRNP of the notified cases revealed a highly predominant M129M genotype in Han Chinese. …”
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Identification of candidate genes for reproductive traits in cattle using a functional interaction network approach by Francisco Alejandro Paredes-Sánchez, Daniel Trejo-Martínez, Elsa Verónica Herrera-Mayorga, Williams Arellano-Vera, Felipe Rodríguez Almeida, Ana María Sifuentes-Rincón

“…This causes emergence of a stop codon and a protein truncated by 287 aa. The allelic frequency distributions found in two beef cattle breeds highlight the promise of further research into the effects of protein truncation and the potential of these proteins as molecular markers for semen quality.…”
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The fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase deficiency and the p.(Lys204ArgfsTer72) variant by Franciele Cabral Pinheiro, Rodrigo Ligabue-Braun, Ana Cecília Menezes de Siqueira, Camila Matuella, Carolina Fischinger Moura de Souza, Fabíola Paoli Monteiro, Fernando Kok, Ida Vanessa Doederlein Schwartz, Fernanda Sperb-Ludwig

“…This frameshift creates a premature termination codon in the last coding exon which escapes the nonsense-mediated decay mechanism, according to in silico analysis. …”
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Deficient plakophilin-1 expression due to a mutation in PKP1 causes ectodermal dysplasia-skin fragility syndrome in Chesapeake Bay retriever dogs. by Thierry Olivry, Keith E Linder, Ping Wang, Petra Bizikova, Joseph A Bernstein, Stanley M Dunston, Judy S Paps, Margret L Casal

“…Sequencing revealed a homozygous splice donor site mutation within the first intron of PKP1 resulting in a premature stop codon, thereby explaining the inability to detect plakophilin-1 in the skin. …”
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Characteristics and Comparative Analysis of the Special-Structure (Non-Single-Circle) Mitochondrial Genome of <i>Capsicum pubescens</i> Ruiz & Pav by Di Wu, Wenting Fu, Gaoling Fan, Dongfu Huang, Kangyun Wu, Yongfa Zhan, Xiangmin Tu, Jianwen He

“…We investigated several aspects of its genome, including characteristics, codon usage, RNA editing sites, repeat sequences, selective pressure, gene clusters, and phylogenetic relationships. …”
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Developing a multiepitope vaccine against dengue virus in Bangladesh using immunoinformatics approach by Sajidur Rahman Akash, Md Imran Hossain, Md Sarafat Ali

“…To improve the stability of the vaccine protein, disulfide engineering was performed in a region with high mobility. Additionally, codon adaptation and in silico cloning ensure that the proposed subunit vaccine will be expressed at a higher level in E. coli. …”
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Novel recombinant DNA vaccine candidates for human respiratory syncytial virus: Preclinical evaluation of immunogenicity and protection efficiency by Mohamed A. Farrag, Haitham M. Amer, Peter Öhlschläger, Maaweya E. Hamad, Fahad N. Almajhdi

“…Three different versions of the codon-optimized HRSV fusion (F) gene were individually cloned into the pPOE vector. …”
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The Complete Mitochondrial Genomes of <i>Aelia sibirica</i> and <i>A. fieberi</i> (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae), and Phylogenetic Implications by Dajun Liu, Hufang Zhang, Shuhui Fu, Yating Wang, Wanqing Zhao, Qing Zhao

“…By comparing the mitochondrial genome structure, base composition, codon usage, RNA secondary structure, and other characteristics, it was found that the mitochondrial genome characteristics of the two species were similar. …”
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Sensing chemical-induced genotoxicity and oxidative stress via yeast-based reporter assays using NanoLuc luciferase. by Minami Shichinohe, Shun Ohkawa, Yuu Hirose, Toshihiko Eki

“…This study aimed to develop a novel yeast-based assay using a codon-optimized stable or unstable NanoLuc luciferase (yNluc and yNluCP) gene linked to a DNA damage- or oxidative stress-responsive promoter, enabling convenient sensing genotoxicity or oxidative stress, respectively. …”
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Using runaway replication to express polyhydroxyalkanoic acid (pha) genes from a novel marine bacterium in enteric bacteria: The influence of temperature and phasins on PHA accumul... by Dana Kolibachuk, Benjamin J Ryder, Edward R Lyons, Ariel Woolsey, Margaret K Lopes, Keya Thakkar, Mayelin Pacheco Nunez, Michaela Duquenoy, Nevan R Valente, Ashley Nieves

“…A mutational analysis confirmed the identity of the start codon for the PHA synthase gene and provided evidence supporting the requirement for phasins to allow for PHA accumulation in the recombinant hosts. …”
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β-Globin Gene Cluster Haplotypes in Iranian Patients with β-Thalassemia by Rahimi Z., Merat A., Akhzari M., Haghshenass M., Ronald L. Nagel, Nathalie Gerard, Rajagopal Krish-namoorthy

“…IVS I.110 (G&amp;#8594;A) mutation was linked to haplotype I. Mutation in codon 30 (G&amp;#8594;A) was associated with haplotype V. …”
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Association of COMT Val158Met Polymorphism with Fibromyalgia in Khartoum State, Sudan by Safaa Mamoun Abdelmageid, Faisal Mousa Alamir, Hassan Yousif Abdelrahman, Hind Mohamed Abushama

“…The most common variant studied in the COMT gene is the valine (Val) to methionine (Met) substitution at codon 158. This is the first study in Sudan addressing FM cases and genetic susceptibility to the disease. …”
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