Intradermal ChAdOx1 Vaccine Following Two CoronaVac Shots: A Case Report by Ekachai Singhatiraj, Krit Pongpirul, Anan Jongkaewwattana, Nattiya Hirankarn

“…The 50% pseudovirus neutralization titer (PVNT50) against lentiviral pseudovirus bearing a codon-optimized spike gene (wild type, alpha, beta, and delta) were 1812.42, 822.99, 1025.42, 1347.13, respectively. …”
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Development and characterization of an enterovirus 71 (EV71) virus-like particles (VLPs) vaccine produced in Pichia pastoris by Zhijian Yang, Fan Gao, Xiaoliang Wang, Likang Shi, Zheng Zhou, Yuanxiang Jiang, Xinxing Ma, Chao Zhang, Chenliang Zhou, Xianfang Zeng, Ge Liu, Jiang Fan, Qunying Mao, Li Shi

“…We here report the construction and expression of the P1 and 3C genes of EV71 in Pichia pastoris for producing VLP-based EV71 vaccine antigen with a high yield and simple manufacturing process. Based on codon-optimized P1 and 3C genes, EV71-VLPs were efficiently expressed in Pichia pastoris system, and the expression level reached 270 mg/L. …”
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Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Serine Protein Kinase (<i>CASK</i>) Gene Polymorphisms in Pigeons by Andrzej Dybus, Hanna Kulig, Wilhelm Grzesiak, Justyna Domke, Yu-Hsiang Yu, Yeong-Hsiang Cheng

“…One of the detected polymorphic sites (g.8893G > A), located a very close to the start codon, was selected for genotyping in all individuals. …”
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Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the EXO70 gene family in grape (Vitis vinifera L) by Han Wang, Zong-Huan Ma, Juan Mao, Bai-Hong Chen

“…Bioinformatics was used to inquire VvEXO70 genes family members, gene structure, system evolution, cis-acting elements, subcellular and chromosomal localization, collinearity, selective pressure, codon bias and tissue expression. All of VvEXO70s had the conserved pfam03081 domain which maybe necessary for interacting with other proteins. …”
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The Influence of <i>Trctf1</i> Gene Knockout by CRISPR–Cas9 on Cellulase Synthesis by <i>Trichoderma reesei</i> with Various Soluble Inducers by Yudian Chen, Yushan Gao, Zancheng Wang, Nian Peng, Xiaoqin Ran, Tingting Chen, Lulu Liu, Yonghao Li

“…To evaluate the effect of the <i>Trctf1</i> gene on cellulase synthesis and develop a high-yielding cellulase strain, we established a CRISPR–Cas9 genome editing system in <i>T. reesei</i> Rut C30 using codon-optimized Cas9 protein and in vitro transcribed RNA. …”
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De novo splice site variant of ARID1B associated with pathogenesis of Coffin–Siris syndrome by Laura Pranckėnienė, Evelina Siavrienė, Lucie Gueneau, Eglė Preikšaitienė, Violeta Mikštienė, Alexandre Reymond, Vaidutis Kučinskas

“…Further, bioinformatic analysis predicted abnormal splicing in a translational frameshift of 11 amino acids and the creation of a premature termination codon. Results found a novel de novo splice site variant c.5025+2T>C in the ARID1B and truncated 1 633 amino acid protein NP_065783.3:p. …”
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Development of a Recombinant Pichinde Virus-Vectored Vaccine against Turkey Arthritis Reovirus and Its Immunological Response Characterization in Vaccinated Animals by Pawan Kumar, Tamer A. Sharafeldin, Rahul Kumar, Qinfeng Huang, Yuying Liang, Sagar M. Goyal, Robert E. Porter, Hinh Ly, Sunil K. Mor

“…In addition, three recombinant PICV-based TARV vaccines were produced carrying codon-optimized S1 and/or S3 genes of a TARV strain. …”
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ESTABLISHMENT OF A BACULOVIRUS EXPRESSION SYSTEM FOR PRODUCTION OF THE PORCINE CIRCOVIRUS TYPE 3 (PCV3) VIRUS-LIKE PARTICLES by C.C. Chang, C.W. Wu, M.S. Chien, C. Huang

“…Findings: In this study, we produce the original sequence PCV3 Cap (ori- PCV3Cap) and the codon-optimized sequence of the PCV3 Cap (opti-PCV3Cap), respectively. …”
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Conservation and Diversification of tRNA t⁶A-Modifying Enzymes across the Three Domains of Life by Chenchen Su, Mengqi Jin, Wenhua Zhang

“…The universal <i>N</i>⁶-threonylcarbamoyladenosine (t⁶A) modification occurs at position 37 of tRNAs that decipher codons starting with adenosine. Mechanistically, t⁶A stabilizes structural configurations of the anticodon stem loop, promotes anticodon–codon pairing and safeguards the translational fidelity. …”
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Characterization and Analysis of the Mitochondrial Genome of Common Bean (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i>) by Comparative Genomic Approaches by Changwei Bi, Na Lu, Yiqing Xu, Chunpeng He, Zuhong Lu

“…Among the 31 PCGs, four genes (<i>mttB</i>, <i>nad1</i>, <i>nad4L</i>, and <i>rps10</i>) use ACG as initiation codons, which are altered to standard initiation codons by RNA editing. …”
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The LIKE system, a novel protein expression toolbox for <it>Bacillus subtilis</it> based on the <it>liaI</it> promoter by Toymentseva Anna A, Schrecke Karen, Sharipova Margarita R, Mascher Thorsten

“…To enhance the performance of the P_{<it>liaI</it>}-derived system, site-directed mutagenesis was employed to optimize the ribosome binding site and alter its spacing to the initiation codon used for the translational fusion. The impact of these genetic modifications on protein production yield was measured using GFP as a model protein. …”

Study on the genetic diversity of tomato’s cultivars via SCoT marker by Sepideh Mirzaei, Hooman Salari

“…Objective This study was conducted to investigate the application of the start codon targeted (SCoT) markers in the genetic diversity of tomato. …”
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Renal Fanconi Syndrome Is Caused by a Mistargeting-Based Mitochondriopathy by Nadine Assmann, Katja Dettmer, Johann M.B. Simbuerger, Carsten Broeker, Nadine Nuernberger, Kathrin Renner, Holly Courtneidge, Enriko D. Klootwijk, Axel Duerkop, Andrew Hall, Robert Kleta, Peter J. Oefner, Markus Reichold, Joerg Reinders

“…Summary: We recently reported an autosomal dominant form of renal Fanconi syndrome caused by a missense mutation in the third codon of the peroxisomal protein EHHADH. The mutation mistargets EHHADH to mitochondria, thereby impairing mitochondrial energy production and, consequently, reabsorption of electrolytes and low-molecular-weight nutrients in the proximal tubule. …”
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OBTAINING THE RECOMBINANT ORF3 PROTEIN OF HEPATITIS E GENOTYPE 3 AND EVALUATION OF ITS ANTIGENIC PROPERTIES by G. I. Alatortseva, A. V. Sidorov, L. N. Nesterenko, L. N. Luhverchik, A. V. Milovanova, Yu. I. Ammur, M. I. Mikhailov, K. K. Kyuregyan, S. V. Zhavoronok, V. V. Zverev

“…The primary structure of the missing C-terminal region of the ORF3 VGE of the genotype 3 was calculated by bioinformatics methods. Codon optimization of the sequence for biosynthesis in E.coli cells was performed. …”
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Complete chloroplast genome data of Shorea macrophylla (Engkabang): Structural features, comparative and phylogenetic analysis by Ivy Yee Yen Chew, Hung Hui Chung, Leonard Whye Kit Lim, Melinda Mei Lin Lau, Han Ming Gan, Boon Siong Wee, Siong Fong Sim

“…The genome exhibits a similar GC content, gene order, structure, and codon usage when compared to previously reported chloroplast genomes from other plant species. …”
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Plastid Phylogenomic Analyses Reveal a Cryptic Species of <i>Ligusticopsis</i> (Apiaceae, Angiosperms) by Rongming Tian, Xueyimu Aou, Boni Song, Zixuan Li, Xingjin He, Songdong Zhou

“…Moreover, the plastid genomes of 12 <i>Ligusticopsis</i> species, including the new species, were highly conserved in terms of gene order, gene content, codon bias, IR boundaries and SSR content. Overall, the integration of morphological, comparative genomic and phylogenetic evidence indicates that <i>Ligusticopsis litangensis</i> actually represents a new species.…”
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Interleukin gene cloning and expression in E. coli by Filipa Oliveira, Fernando Cardoso

“…These synthetic genes were synthesised with the E. coli codon usage and inserted in pNZY29 cloning vector (Nzytech). …”
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UPF1 regulates mRNA stability by sensing poorly translated coding sequences by Damir Musaev, Mario Abdelmessih, Charles E. Vejnar, Valeria Yartseva, Linnea A. Weiss, Ethan C. Strayer, Carter M. Takacs, Antonio J. Giraldez

“…We find that the strength of translation initiation, upstream open reading frame (uORF) content, codon optimality, AU-rich elements, microRNA binding sites, and open reading frame (ORF) length function combinatorially to regulate mRNA stability. …”
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Assembly and comparative analysis of the complete multichromosomal mitochondrial genome of Cymbidium ensifolium, an orchid of high economic and ornamental value by Baoming Shen, Airong Shen, Lina Liu, Yun Tan, Sainan Li, Zhuming Tan

“…Repeat sequence analysis and prediction of RNA editing sites revealed a total of 915 dispersed repeats, 162 simple repeats, 45 tandem repeats, and 530 RNA editing sites. Analysis of codon usage showed a preference for codons ending in A/T. …”
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Chloroplast genome analyses of Caragana arborescens and Caragana opulens by LiE Liu, Hongyan Li, Jiaxin Li, Xinjuan Li, Na Hu, Honglun Wang, Wu Zhou

“…The two Caragana species exhibited similar codon usage patterns. rpl20-clpP, rps19-rpl2, and rpl23-ycf2 showed the highest nucleotide diversity (pi). …”
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