The Mitogenome of <i>Sedum plumbizincicola</i> (Crassulaceae): Insights into RNA Editing, Lateral Gene Transfer, and Phylogenetic Implications by Hengwu Ding, De Bi, Sijia Zhang, Shiyun Han, Yuanxin Ye, Ran Yi, Jianke Yang, Birong Liu, Longhua Wu, Renying Zhuo, Xianzhao Kan

“…We further identified totally 508 RNA editing sites in PCGs, and demonstrated that the second codon positions of mitochondrial genes are most prone to RNA editing events. …”
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Comparative mitogenomic analysis of mirid bugs (Hemiptera: Miridae) and evaluation of potential DNA barcoding markers by Juan Wang, Li Zhang, Qi-Lin Zhang, Min-Qiang Zhou, Xiao-Tong Wang, Xing-Zhuo Yang, Ming-Long Yuan

“…Our results showed that the general mitogenomic features (gene content, gene arrangement, base composition and codon usage) were well conserved among these mirids. …”
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Effects of Efavirenz for the Treatment of HIV on the Basis of Genetic Polymorphisms by Brighty Elizabeth Kurian, Swamy Miryala, Srikrishna Raghavendra Boddu

“…One such polymorphism, rs3745274, where there is a change from G to T at codon 516 results in an amino acid change from glutamine to histidine at position 172. …”
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The population structure and genetic diversity of Listeria monocytogenes ST9 strains based on genomic analysis by Zexuan Song, Shunshi Ji, Yan Wang, Lijuan Luo, Yiqian Wang, Pan Mao, Lingling Li, Huaying Jiang, Changyun Ye

“…The ST9 isolates were divided into three clusters after phylogenetic analysis; 67.63% of ST9 isolates contained putative plasmids with different sizes and genomic structure, the putative prophages inserted in the chromosome at ten hotspots, and seven types of premature stop codon (PMSC) mutations in inlA were found in 81.86% of the ST9 isolates. …”
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Case Report: Identification of a rare nonsense mutation in the POC1A gene by NGS in a diabetes mellitus patient by Dongfeng Li, Shihui Li, Jingjing Zhou, Lili Zheng, Gui Liu, Chengzhang Ding, Xingyun Yuan

“…Genetic screening revealed that there was a pathogenic variant at the POC1A gene locus and a cytosine-to-thymine mutation at the G81 locus, turning the Arg to a termination codon and shortening the POC1A protein from 359 amino acids (aa) to 80 aa. …”
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Five new mitogenomes sequences of Calidridine sandpipers (Aves: Charadriiformes) and comparative mitogenomics of genus Calidris by Wan Chen, Keer Miao, Junqi Wang, Hao Wang, Wan Sun, Sijia Yuan, Site Luo, Chaochao Hu, Qing Chang

“…There were four start codons, four stop codons, and one incomplete stop codon (T–). …”
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NGS-Based Analysis of Atypical Deep Penetrating Nevi by Antonella Manca, Maria Cristina Sini, Anna Maria Cesinaro, Francesca Portelli, Carmelo Urso, Maria Lentini, Roberta Cardia, Llucia Alos, Martin Cook, Sara Simi, Panagiotis Paliogiannis, Vincenzo De Giorgi, Antonio Cossu, Giuseppe Palmieri, Daniela Massi

“…The only case with progressive nodal disease carried alterations in the β-catenin pathway and mutations in IDH1 and NRAS (codon 61). By a comprehensive mutation analysis, we found low genetic heterogeneity and a lack of significant associations between specific gene mutations and histopathological features, despite atypical features. …”
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Immunoinformatics-aided design of a new multi-epitope vaccine adjuvanted with domain 4 of pneumolysin against Streptococcus pneumoniae strains by Mona Shafaghi, Zohreh Bahadori, Hamid Madanchi, Mohammad Mehdi Ranjbar, Ali Akbar Shabani, Seyed Fazlollah Mousavi

“…The structural stability of the docked complex was confirmed by molecular dynamics. Finally, codon optimization was performed for gene expression in E. coli, followed by in silico cloning in the pET28a(+) vector. …”
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Two Simple Methods for Optimizing the Production of "Difficult-to-Express" GnRH-DFF40 Chimeric Protein by Mahdi Barazesh, Zohreh Mostafavipour, Soudabeh Kavousipour, Shiva Mohammadi, Pooneh Mokarram

“…Here we introduce two successful and reproducible conditions for production and purification of "difficult-to-express" GnRH-DFF40 protein. Methods: A synthetic codon optimized GnRH-DFF40 fusion gene was cloned in pET28a plasmid. …”
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Precision Medicine in Systemic Mastocytosis by Maura Nicolosi, Andrea Patriarca, Annalisa Andorno, Abdurraouf Mokhtar Mahmoud, Alessandra Gennari, Renzo Boldorini, Gianluca Gaidano, Elena Crisà

“…More than 80% of patients with SM carry a somatic point mutation of <i>KIT</i> at codon 816, which may be targeted by kinase inhibitors. …”
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Comparative and Phylogenetic Analysis of Complete Plastomes among Aristidoideae Species (Poaceae) by Xiu-Xiu Guo, Xiao-Jian Qu, Xue-Jie Zhang, Shou-Jin Fan

“…The number of SSRs ranged from 30 (<i>Sartidia isaloensis</i>) to 54 (<i>Aristida purpurea</i>). Codon usage analysis showed that plastome genes preferred to use codons ending with A/T. …”
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Establishment of a mouse embryonic stem cell line carrying a reporter of mT-F2A-EGFP based on CRISPR/Cas9n technology by WANG Jingyi, WANG Qiong

“…Objective·To establish a T-box transcription factor Brachyury (T gene) fluorescence reporter cell line, in which foot-and-mouth disease virus 2A (F2A) and enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) were knocked in at the end of mouse T gene (mT-F2A-EGFP) in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) by CRISPR/Cas9n (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9 nickase)-mediated homologous-directed repair (HDR) technology.Methods·First of all, the specific single guide RNA (sgRNA) plasmid targeting the sequence near the stop codon of the mouse T gene and the plasmid donor containing F2A-EGFP were constructed. …”
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Role of BgaA as a Pneumococcal Virulence Factor Elucidated by Molecular Evolutionary Analysis by Masaya Yamaguchi, Moe Takemura, Moe Takemura, Kotaro Higashi, Kana Goto, Yujiro Hirose, Tomoko Sumitomo, Masanobu Nakata, Narikazu Uzawa, Shigetada Kawabata

“…Our evolutionary analysis showed that among the examined genes, nanA and bgaA had high proportions of codon that were under significant negative selection. …”
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Comparative mitochondrial genome analysis of three leafhopper species of the genus Abrus Dai & Zhang (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) from China with phylogenetic implica... by Muhammad Asghar Hassan, Zhixiang Tan, Rongrong Shen, Jichun Xing

“…The nucleotide composition of these genomes is highly biased toward A + T nucleotides (76.2%, 76.3%, and 74.7%), AT-skews (0.091 to 0.095, and 0.095), negative GC-skews (− 0.138, − 0.161, and − 0.138), and codon usage. All 22 tRNA genes had typical cloverleaf secondary structures, except for trnS1 (AGN) which lacks the dihydrouridine arm, and distinctively trnG in the mitogenome of A. expansivus lacks the TψC arm. …”
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Transcriptome-wide N6-methyladenosine methylation profile of atherosclerosis in mice by Xinbin Zheng, Bo Zhou, Yuzhen Li, Hengren Zhong, Zhengxin Huang, Minhua Gu

“…Peaks mainly appeared in the coding sequence (CDS) regions close to the stop codon with the RRACH motif. Moreover, functional enrichment analysis demonstrated that m6A-containing genes were significantly enriched in AS-relevant pathways. …”
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A Novel Pathogenic IGSF1 Variant in a Patient with GH and TSH Deficiency Diagnosed by High IGF-I Values at Transition to Adult Care by Aslı Derya Kardelen, Esin Karakılıç Özturan, Şükran Poyrazoğlu, Firdevs Baş, Serdar Ceylaner, Sjoerd D. Joustra, Jan M. Wit, Feyza Darendeliler

“…This prompted an analysis of IGSF1, in which a novel hemizygous variant causing a stop codon at c.3559C>T (p.Q1187*) was found, confirming the diagnosis of IGSF1 deficiency syndrome. …”
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Epidemiological, Clinical, Therapeutic, and Evolutionary Aspects of Acute Kidney Damage during Severe Malaria in Children at the Borgou Departmental Teaching Hospital (Benin) by Séraphin Ahoui, Alphonse Noudamadjo, Gerard Kpanidja, Evariste Eteka, K.O. Auguste Akoto, Falilatou Agbeille, Muriel Toutche, Aristide Dah, Julien Didier Adedemy, Joseph Agossou

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Comparative Activity of Six Recombinant Stilbene Synthases in Yeast for Resveratrol Production by Nemesio Villa-Ruano, Antonio Rivera, Efraín Rubio-Rosas, Gerardo Landeta-Cortés, Jenaro Leocadio Varela-Caselis, Omar Romero-Arenas

“…<i>atropurpurea</i>, <i>Rheum tataricum</i>, <i>Vitis vinifera</i> and <i>Arachis hypogaea</i>. Codon optimized versions of these sequences were inserted in an expression vector flanked by the constitutive PGK and GPD promoters before expression in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>. …”
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Characterization of the morphology and complete mitochondrial genomes of Eupteryx minusula and Eupteryx gracilirama (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae) from Karst area, Southw... by Zhouwei Yuan, Kangning Xiong, Ni Zhang, Can Li, Yuehua Song

“…All of the protein-coding genes are starting with ATN, except for some in mitogenome, which has a single T or TAN as a stop codon. All tRNAs have the typical cloverleaf-shaped structure except for trnS1 (AGN) (E. minuscula) which has a reduced DHU arm. …”
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Complete Chloroplast Genome Sequences of Four Species in the <i>Caladium</i> Genus: Comparative and Phylogenetic Analyses by Yuanjun Ye, Jinmei Liu, Yiwei Zhou, Genfa Zhu, Jianjun Tan, Yechun Xu

“…The effective number of codons (ENC) values and neutrality plot analyses provided the foundation that the natural selection pressure could greatly affect the codon preference. …”
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