The Caenorhabditis elegans Gene mfap-1 Encodes a Nuclear Protein That Affects Alternative Splicing by Ma, Long, Gao, Xiaoyang, Luo, Jintao, Huang, Liange, Teng, Yanling, Horvitz, H. Robert

“…This mutant contains missense mutations in two adjacent codons of the C. elegans microfibrillar-associated protein 1 gene mfap-1. mfap-1(n4564 n5214) suppresses the Unc phenotypes of different rubberband Unc mutants in a pattern similar to that of mutations in the splicing factor genes uaf-1 (the C. elegans U2AF large subunit gene) and sfa-1 (the C. elegans SF1/BBP gene). …”
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Chloroplast Genome of Rambutan and Comparative Analyses in Sapindaceae by Fei Dong, Zhicong Lin, Jing Lin, Ray Ming, Wenping Zhang

“…Sixty-three simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and 98 repetitive sequences were detected. Twenty-nine codons showed biased usage and 49 potential RNA editing sites were predicted across 18 protein-coding genes in the rambutan chloroplast genome. …”
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Molecular characterization of Salmonella spp. and Listeria monocytogenes strains from biofilms in cattle and poultry slaughterhouses located in the federal District and State of Go... by Emilia Fernanda Agostinho Davanzo, Rebecca Lavarini Dos Santos, Virgilio Hipólito de Lemos Castro, Joana Marchesini Palma, Bruno Rocha Pribul, Bruno Stéfano Lima Dallago, Bruna Fuga, Margareti Medeiros, Simoneide Souza Titze de Almeida, Hayanna Maria Boaventura da Costa, Dália Dos Prazeres Rodrigues, Nilton Lincopan, Simone Perecmanis, Angela Patrícia Santana

“…In the sequence analysis, no premature stop codons were detected in the inlA gene of Listeria. …”
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Mitochondrial genome characteristics of six Phylloscopus species and their phylogenetic implication by Chao Yang, Xiaomei Dong, Qingxiong Wang, Xiang Hou, Hao Yuan, Xuejuan Li

“…ATG and TAA were the most frequent initiating and terminating codons, respectively. Several conserved boxes were identified in CR1, including C-string in domain I; F, E, D, and C boxes, as well as bird similarity and B boxes, in domain II; and CSB1 in domain III. …”
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Analyses of Chloroplast Genome of <i>Eutrema japonicum</i> Provide New Insights into the Evolution of <i>Eutrema</i> Species by Mengyao Li, Ran Zhang, Jie Li, Kaimin Zheng, Jiachang Xiao, Yangxia Zheng

“…It contains 290 simple sequence repeats and prefers to end their codons with an A or T, which is the same as other Brassicaceae species. …”
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Molecular Detection of gyrA Mutation in Clinical Strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae by Zeinab Ahmadi, Zahra Noormohammadi, Payam Behzadi, Reza Ranjbar

“…The data obtained from the sequencing confirmed the RFLP results and indicated the presence of point mutations in codons 83 and 87 in the gyrA gene which leads to the substitution of different amino acids in gyrA protein. …”
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The genome of <it>Aeromonas salmonicida </it>subsp. <it>salmonicida </it>A449: insights into the evolution of a fish pathogen by Murphy Colleen, Munholland Janet, Kimball Jennifer, Bouevitch Anne, Boyd Jessica M, Curtis Bruce, Singh Rama K, Reith Michael E, Sarty Darren, Williams Jason, Nash John HE, Johnson Stewart C, Brown Laura L

“…A large number of genes encoding potential virulence factors were identified; however, many appear to be pseudogenes since they contain insertion sequences, frameshifts or in-frame stop codons. A total of 170 pseudogenes and 88 insertion sequences (of ten different types) are found in the <it>A. salmonicida </it>genome. …”
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Multiple origins of resistance-conferring mutations in <it>Plasmodium vivax dihydrofolate reductase</it> by O'Neil Michael T, Maestre Amanda, Hapuarachchi Hapuarachchige C, Rungsihirunrat Kanchana, Prajapati Surendra, Auliff Alyson, Hawkins Vivian N, Cheng Qin, Joshi Hema, Na-Bangchang Kesara, Sibley Carol

“…The double mutant (58R/117N) <it>dhfr </it>allele has evolved from several origins, because the 58R is encoded by at least 3 different codons. The triple (58R/61M/117T) and quadruple (57L/61M/117T/173F, 57I/58R/61M/117T and 57L/58R/61M/117T) mutant alleles had at least three independent origins in Thailand, Indonesia, and Papua New Guinea/Vanuatu.…”
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Valoración incruenta de la permeabilidad de los injertos coronarios mediante tomografía computarizada multicorte by María Bueno Codoñer, Fernando Hornero Sos, José A. Buendía Miñano, Ignacio Rodríguez Albarrán, Sergio Cánovas López, Óscar Gil Albarova, Rafael García Fuster, José A. Montero Argudo, Jordi Estornell Erill

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Effect of Adding Resistant Maltodextrin to Pasteurized Orange Juice on Bioactive Compounds and Their Bioaccessibility by Elías Arilla, Purificación García-Segovia, Javier Martínez-Monzó, Pilar Codoñer-Franch, Marta Igual

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Drug susceptibility profiling and genetic determinants of drug resistance in Mycobacterium simiae isolates obtained from regional tuberculosis reference laboratories of Iran. by Sara Daneshfar, Azar Dokht Khosravi, Mohammad Hashemzadeh

“…Sequence analysis showed mutations in positions 2058 and 2059 of the rrl gene, as well non-synonymous mutation at codons 389, 444, and 571 of the gyrB gene. Sequence analysis showed no mutation in the gyrA gene. drug-resistant isolates with mutations showed higher MICs compared to non-mutant resistant isolates.…”
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In Vitro Cross-Linking MS Reveals SMG1–UPF2–SMG7 Assembly as Molecular Partners within the NMD Surveillance by Monikaben Padariya, Borivoj Vojtesek, Ted Hupp, Umesh Kalathiya

“…mRNAs containing premature stop codons are responsible for various genetic diseases as well as cancers. …”
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168. Impacto de la hipertensión pulmonar en la evolución de los ancianos sometidos a sustitución valvular aórtica by F.J. López Rodríguez, J.M.a González Santos, M.aJ. Dalmau Sorli, M. Bueno Codoñer, J.A. Blázquez González, P. Pabón Osuna, F. Martín Herrero, C. Martín Luengo

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Hepatitis B Virus preS/S Truncation Mutant rtM204I/sW196* Increases Carcinogenesis through Deregulated <i>HIF1A, MGST2,</i> and <i>TGFbi</i> by Ming-Wei Lai, Kung-Hao Liang, Chau-Ting Yeh

“…Some of these mutants introduce premature stop codons in the overlapping surface (s) gene, including rtA181T/sW172*, which has been shown to enhance oncogenicity. …”
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Targeted deletion of floral development genes in Arabidopsis with CRISPR/Cas9 using the RNA endoribonuclease Csy4 processing system by Yingzhu Liu, Yike Gao, Yaohui Gao, Qixiang Zhang

“…DNA sequencing analysis of RT-PCR products showed that targeted deletions of AP1 and TFL1 could lead to frameshift mutations and introduce premature stop codons to disrupt the open-reading frames of the target genes. …”
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The Mitochondrial Genome of <i>Cylicocyclus elongatus</i> (Strongylida: Strongylidae) and Its Comparative Analysis with Other <i>Cylicocyclus</i> Species by Yuan Gao, Zhonghuai Zhang, Chunren Wang, Kai Zhao

“…ATT and TAA were the most common start and termination codons of 12 PCGs, respectively. Comparative analyses of mt genomes nucleotide sequence and amino acid sequence showed that there were higher identities between <i>C. elongatus</i> and five other <i>Cylicocyclus</i>, rather than with <i>P. imparidentatum</i>. …”
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N6-Methyladenosine Methylome Profiling of Muscle and Adipose Tissues Reveals Methylase–mRNA Metabolic Regulatory Networks in Fat Deposition of Rex Rabbits by Gang Luo, Shuhui Wang, Yaotian Ai, Jiapeng Li, Zhanjun Ren

“…Our findings showed that there were 12,876 and 10,973 m⁶A peaks in the rabbit muscle and adipose tissue transcriptomes, respectively. Stop codons, 3′-untranslated regions, and coding regions were found to be mainly enriched for m⁶A peaks. …”
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Identification and analysis of evolutionary selection pressures acting at the molecular level in five forkhead subfamilies by Rannala Bruce, Fetterman Christina D, Walter Michael A

“…</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Application of site models, which estimate overall selection pressures on individual codons throughout the phylogeny, showed that the amino acid changes observed were either neutral or under negative selection. …”
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<it>Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum</it> β-glucosidase: a glucose-tolerant enzyme with high specific activity for cellobiose by Pei Jianjun, Pang Qian, Zhao Linguo, Fan Song, Shi Hao

“…By replacing the rare codons for the N-terminal amino acids of the target protein, the expression level of <it>bgl</it> was increased from 6.6 to 11.2 U/mg in LB medium. …”
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Influence of mutation bias and hydrophobicity on the substitution rates and sequence entropies of protein evolution by María José Jiménez-Santos, Miguel Arenas, Ugo Bastolla

“…In this case, the substitution rates are faster in genomes that evolve under mutational bias that favor hydrophobic amino acids by preferentially incorporating the nucleotide Thymine that is more frequent in hydrophobic codons. This appearingly contradictory result arises because buried sites occupied by hydrophobic amino acids are characterized by larger selective factors that largely amplify the substitution rate between hydrophobic amino acids, while the selective factors of exposed sites have a weaker effect. …”
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