Therapeutic approaches for Duchenne muscular dystrophy by Roberts, TC, Wood, MJA, Davies, KE

“…These efforts have led to the clinical approval of four exon skipping antisense oligonucleotides, one stop codon readthrough drug and one gene therapy product, with other approvals likely soon. …”

A novel mutation in the last exon of ATRX in a patient with alpha-thalassemia myelodysplastic syndrome. by Costa, D, Fisher, C, Miller, K, Pihan, G, Steensma, D, Gibbons, R, Higgs, D

“…At the molecular level, we identified of a novel mutation in the most 3' exon of the ATRX gene (CGA-->TGA substitution in codon 2407) resulting in a premature termination codon (p.R2407X). …”

Characterization, Comparative Analysis and Phylogenetic Implications of Mitogenomes of Fulgoridae (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha) by Wenqian Wang, Huan Zhang, Jérôme Constant, Charles R. Bartlett, Daozheng Qin

“…Combined with previously reported fulgorid mitogenomes, all PCGs initiate with either the standard start codon of ATN or the nonstandard GTG. The TAA codon was used for termination more often than the TAG codon and the incomplete T codon. …”
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Molecular Portrait of GISTs Associated With Clinicopathological Features: A Retrospective Study With Molecular Analysis by a Custom 9-Gene Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing Panel by Haoran Qian, Na Yan, Na Yan, Xiaotong Hu, Junchang Jiang, Zhengzheng Cao, Zhengzheng Cao, Dan Shen, Dan Shen

“…All variations in KIT exon 11 observed in this study were concentrated at a certain position of codon 550 to codon 576. Mutation in KIT exon 9 was mostly located at codon 502–503. …”
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Evaluation of genetic mutations associated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistance to isoniazid, rifampicin (MTBDR plus), fluoroquinolone and injectable second-line drugs (MTBDR... by Hasmik Margaryan

“…Mutations detected in the FQ, EMB and rrs-resistant respectively are: 13 (16.9%) strains with the majority of mutations (10 [13%]) in the codon of 94 of the gyrA gen; 20 (26%) strains, with the majority of mutations (7 [9.1%]) in the codon of 306 of the EMB gen; and 13 (16.8%) strains with the majority of mutations (9 [11.6%]) in the codon of 1401 of the rrs gen. …”
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Characterization and phylogenetic analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome of prickly redfish Thelenota ananas (Jaeger, 1833) by Hongtao Liu, Minghui Shen

“…All the PCGs shared a standard initiation codon ATG or GTG. CYTB and ND6 genes terminated with an incomplete stop codon T, while others ended with TAA or TAG. …”
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Aminoglycoside antibiotics and autism: a speculative hypothesis by Manev Hari, Manev Radmila

“…</p> <p>Presentation</p> <p>We hypothesize that aminoglycoside antibiotics could a) trigger the autism syndrome in susceptible infants by causing the stop codon readthrough, i.e., a misreading of the genetic code of a hypothetical critical gene, and/or b) improve autism symptoms by correcting the premature stop codon mutation in a hypothetical polymorphic gene linked to autism.…”
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The complete mitochondrial genome of Enallagma cyathigerum (Odonata: Coenagrionidae) and phylogenetic analysis by Li Zhang, Xiao-Tong Wang, Chun-Li Wen, Meng-Yao Wang, Xing-Zhuo Yang, Ming-Long Yuan

“…Eleven PCGs started with a typical ATN codon, whereas the remaining two PCGs (nad1 and nad3) used TTG as the initial codon. …”
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Characterisation and phylogenetic analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome of Ctenoplusia albostriata (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Plusiinae) by Shuang Xue, Yuanchen Zhang, Shanshan Gao, Meiling Zhang

“…Except for cox1 started with CGA, all other PCGs started with the standard ATN codons. Most of the PCGs terminated with the stop codon TAA, whereas cox1, cox2 and nad4 end with the incomplete codon T––. …”
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The complete mitochondrial genome of Rochia nilotica (Gastropoda: Tegulidae) by Dianhang Jiang, Zhi Liu, Xiaoqi Zeng, Xianming Tang, Shouguo Yang, Xiaodong Zheng

“…Thirteen protein-coding genes started with ATG codons, and 10 protein-coding genes used termination codon of TAA, whereas the remaining three had a termination codon of TAG. …”
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The complete mitochondrial genome of Ips calligraphus (Germar 1824) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) by Miao-Feng Xu, Rui Meng, Ke-Juan Shui, Bo Cai, Wei Lin

“…All of 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs) started with ATN. 12 PCGs used the typical stop codon ‘TAA,’ while ATP8 terminated with stop codon ‘TAG.’ …”
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Sequencing and analysis of the mitochondrial genome of Pennahia anea (Bloch, 1793) (Perciformes: Sciaenidae) by Thinh Dinh Do, Chien Pham Van, Minh Dong Dao, Thanh Vu Quyet, Van Quan Nguyen, Chang-Bae Kim

“…The sequence had the A-T content of 55.4% and GC content of 44.6%. All 13 PCGs used ATG codon for initiation, while TAA codon was the most common for termination. …”
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Complete mitochondrial genome of the dark mealworm Tenebrio obscurus Fabricius (Insecta: Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) by Yu Bai, Can Li, Min Yang, Shen Liang

“…The protein-coding genes had typical ATN (Met) as the initiation codon and were terminated by the typical stop codon TAN, except for COX2, COX3, nadh5 and nadh4. …”
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Phylogenetic relationship and characterization of the complete mitochondrial genome of Camponotus japonicus (Hymenoptera: Formicoidea: Formicidae) by Shuo Shen, Wei Li

“…All PCGs terminated with the stop codon TAA. The whole mitogenome exhibited heavy AT nucleotide bias (77.8%). …”
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The complete mitochondrial genome of a stonefly species, Suwallia bimaculata (Plecoptera: Chloroperlidae) by Jinjun Cao, Ying Wang, Mengdan Chen, Mingyang Yuan, Weihai Li

“…Most PCGs use typical start/stop codon, whereas ND5 use GTG as start codon. And, COII and ND5 stopped with incomplete terminaton signal T. …”
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The complete mitochondrial genome of Exopalaemon annandalei by YiMing Yuan, YanLong He, ShouHai Liu, Xiao Ji, YuTao Qin, XiaoBo Wang

“…Seven kinds of the initiation codon and five kinds of termination codon are employed in the 13 PCGs. …”
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The complete mitochondrial genome of a stonefly species, Etrocorema hochii (Plecoptera: Pelidae) by Zhuangzhuang Liu, Ying Wang, Weihai Li, Jinjun Cao

“…All PCGs use the typical start codon ATN, except ND1, ND2, and COI, which start with TTG, GTG, and ACC, respectively. …”
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Origin, mechanism and molecular basis of weed resistance to herbicides by Daniela Chodová, Jan Mikulka, Marie Kočová, Jaroslav Salava

“…Czech biotypes of resistant weeds with a mutation at codon 264 of the psbA gene encoding the D1 protein and at codon 574 of the acetolactate synthase gene are presented.…”
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Complete mitochondrial genome of the monogonont rotifer Brachionus rotundiformis (Rotifera, Brachionidae) by Hui-Su Kim, Dae-Sik Hwang, Hee-Jin Kim, Yoshitaka Sakakura, Atsushi Hagiwara, Jae-Seong Lee

“…Of the 12 protein-coding genes (PCGs), five genes (ND1, ATP6, ND5, CO3, ND3) had incomplete stop codons. Furthermore, the start codon of ND4 and CO3 gene was ATA, while the start codon of other PCGs was ATG. …”
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On the specific status of Scelimena spicupennis and a new record of S. discalis from China with mitochondrial genome characterization (Orthoptera, Tetrigidae) by Ying-Can Qin, Jing Liu, Xiao-Dong Li, Ya-Zhen Chen, Wei-An Deng

“…All of the PCGs started with the typical ATN (ATT, ATC or ATG) or TTG codon and most ended with complete TAA or TAG codon, with the exception of the ND5 gene, which terminated with an incomplete T. …”
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