Mitochondrial genome of Trichagalma acutissimae (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Cynipidae) and phylogenetic analysis by Shuang Xue, Yuanchen Zhang, Shanshan Gao, Shaohui Lu, Jingshun Wang, Kunpeng Zhang

“…Except for nad4L that started with TTG, all other PCGs started with the standard ATN codon. All 13 PCGs terminate with the stop codon TAA. …”
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Sequencing and analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome of Laothoe amurensis sinica (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) from China and its phylogenetic analysis by Yang Sun, Jing Wang, Xu Wang

“…Most of 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs) initiate with the standard start codon of ATN and terminate with the typical stop codon TAA/TAG or incomplete T. …”
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Autonomous bioluminescent expression of the bacterial luciferase gene cassette (lux) in a mammalian cell line. by Dan M Close, Stacey S Patterson, Steven Ripp, Seung J Baek, John Sanseverino, Gary S Sayler

“…Historically expressible only in prokaryotes, the lux operon was re-synthesized through a process of multi-bicistronic, codon-optimization to demonstrate for the first time self-directed bioluminescence emission in a mammalian HEK293 cell line in vitro and in vivo.Autonomous in vitro light production was shown to be 12-fold greater than the observable background associated with untransfected control cells. …”
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The complete mitochondrial genome of Traulia minuta Huang & Xia, 1985 (Orthoptera: Catantopinae) by Zhongying Qiu, Yuting Wang, Hao Yuan, Xuan Zhao, Ningyu Ru, Li Liu, Yuanyuan Cui, Yantong Liu

“…All protein-coding genes (PCGs) started with typical ATN codon and ended with complete TAA/TAG codons except Nad5, which ended with incomplete T codon. …”
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The complete mitochondrial genome of a stonefly species, Neoperlops gressitti (Plecoptera: Pelidae) by Guoqiang Zhang, Ying Wang, Jinjun Cao

“…In all PCGs, eleven genes initial with the typical start codon ATN, the rest of the two genes (ND1, ND2) with TTG. …”
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The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of the hawkmoth, Ambulyx tobii (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) and phylogenetic analysis by Yin-Feng Meng, Guo-Tao Lv, Yi-Xin Huang, Xu Wang, Yong-Ling Wu

“…Most PCGs initiate with the standard start codon of ATN and terminate with the typical stop codon TAA/TAG. …”
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Mitochondrial genome of Taiwania circumdata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae) and phylogenetic analysis by Xing-Zhuo Yang, Xiao-Peng Li, Chun-Li Wen, Cheng-Lin Jia, Li Zhang, Ming-Long Yuan

“…Eleven PCGs started with a typical ATN codon, whereas the remaining two PCGs used TTG (nad1) and AAT (cox1) as the initial codon. …”
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The sequence structure and phylogenetic analysis by complete mitochondrial genome of kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes L.) by Dengkui Shao, Yidong Ma, Xiaojuan Li, Sang Ga, Yanjing Ren

“…In addition, 1,001 open reading frames and five RNA editing sites were annotated. Relative synonymous codon usage analysis revealed significant difference in usage frequency of synonymous codon. …”
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The complete mitochondrial genome of two-spotted cricket Gryllus bimaculatus (Grylloidea: Gryllidae) by Chong Wang, Qingyue Li, Caoling Xu, Gang Liu

“…ATT, ATG, and ATA are the most start codon. TAA is the most frequent stop codon. The new mtDNA sequence contains 16S rRNA and 12S rRNA of rRNA, which is located between tRNALeu and D-loop, separated by tRNAVal. …”
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Implications of tRNA abundance on translation elongation across bovine tissues by Anna K. Goldkamp, Darren E. Hagen

“…Highly expressed genes are believed to be codon-biased to support increased protein production, in which quickly translated codons correspond to highly abundant tRNAs. …”
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The complete mitochondrial genome of a grasshopper endemic to the Qinghai-Tibet plateau, Uvaroviola multispinosa (Acrididae: Oedipodinae) by Bing Yu, De-Long Guan, Sheng-Quan Xu

“…All PCGs are initiated by ATN codons, among them ATG is the most preferred. Eleven PCGs use a common stop codon of TAA or TAG, whereas the remaining two were terminated with single T as incomplete stop codon. …”
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Characterization of the complete mitochondrial genome of Euspira gilva with phylogenetic analysis by Zongxing Wang, Zongjun Xu, Bo Wang, Fengrong Zheng, Wei Chen, Quanli Zhou

“…All of the PCGs had ATG as their start codon. The common termination codon is TAA, except for nd4l terminated with TAG. …”
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The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of the hawkmoth, Dahira obliquifascia (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) and phylogenetic analysis by Li-Qing Qi, Hong Zhang, Xu Wang, Yi-Xin Huang

“…All 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs) initiate with the standard start codon of ATN and terminate with the typical stop codon TAA/TAG. …”
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The complete mitochondrial genome of blue pansy, Junonia orithya (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Nymphalinae) from Pakistan by Saira Bibi, Muhammad Fiaz Khan, Aqsa Rehman, Muzafar Shah, Faisal Nouroz, Aneesa Nayab

“…All PCGs are initiated by typical ATN codons, except for cox1 gene which is started by CGA codon. …”
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The complete mitochondrial genome of Marsh Sandpiper Tringa stagnatilis (Charadriiformes, Scolopacidae) by Jingjing Ding, Hao Wang, Deyun Tai, Xue Xu, Chaochao Hu, Qing Chang

“…Twenty-eight genes were encoded on the heavy strand, and the remaining nine genes were encoded on the light strand. The common start codon was ATG, and four stop codons and an incomplete stop codon (T–) were used in PCGs. …”
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Mitogenome of the leaf-footed bug Notobitus montanus (Hemiptera: Coreidae) and a phylogenetic analysis of Coreoidea. by Xiaoke Tian, Yongqin Li, Qin Chen, Qianquan Chen

“…The mitogenome, with 42.26% A, 30.54% T, 16.54% C, and 10.65% G, is 16,209 bp in size. Codon usage analysis indicated that high frequently used codons used either A or T at the third position of the codon. …”
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The mitochondrial genome of Erronea caurica (Cypraeidae) by Lirong Bai, Dahui Yu, Xueyu Yan, Jiawen Liu, Haoxin Jiang, Zhiying Zhao, Xia Liang

“…As previously reported mitochondrial genome in Cypraeoidea, all protein-coding genes of E. caurica use a typical start codon (ATN) and a complete stop codon (TAA or TAG). …”
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The mitochondrial genome analysis of Sphaeronemoura elephas (Plecoptera: Nemouridae) from Jiangxi Province of southeastern China by Xiping Wei, Jinjun Cao, Fanbin Kong, Ying Wang

“…Eleven PCGs used typical terminal codon TAA or TAG while the COII and ND5 stopped with the single T. …”
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Complete mitochondrial genome of Mustela sibirica (Carnivora: Mustelidae), a protected and endangered species in China by Wei Gao, Zhihao Lu, Yukang Liang, Zhu-Mei Ren

“…The 13 PCGs use ATG as initiation codons except ND3, ND5 and ND2 which initiate with codons ATA and ATT, respectively. …”
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Mitochondrial genome of Monolepta hieroglyphica (Coleoptera: Chrysomeloidea: Chrysomelidae) and phylogenetic analysis by Wei Li, Shuo Shen, Hongyu Chen

“…Except for three genes (cox1, nad4 and nad5) end with the incomplete stop codon T––, all other PCGs terminated with the stop codon TAA or TAG. …”
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