Intricate insights into immune response in dry eye disease by Ruminder P Kaur, Bharat Gurnani, Kirandeep Kaur

“…Dry eye disease (DED) is a complex disorder of the ocular surface with a loss of tear film homeostasis, causing an imbalance in the tear–air interface and leading to ocular discomfort, pain, and vision issues. …”
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Application and assessment of quality of life questionnaires in Parkinson's disease by Yan WANG, Wen-zhao WANG, Zhong-xin ZHAO

“…<p>Parkinson's disease (PD), a common neurodegenerative disease in the elderly, is a complex disorder with motor impairment and non-motor manifestations that result in progressive disability and severe complications that have a significant impact on patients' quality of life (QoL). …”
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Physiological changes throughout an insect ear due to age and noise - A longitudinal study by Alix Blockley, Daisy Ogle, Charlie Woodrow, Fernando Montealegre-Z, Ben Warren

“…This work shows that hearing loss manifests as a complex disorder due to differential effects of age and noise on several processes and cell types within the ear. …”
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Regenerative Medicine-Based Treatment for Vitiligo: An Overview by Barbara Bellei, Federica Papaccio, Mauro Picardo

“…Vitiligo is a complex disorder with an important effect on the self-esteem and social life of patients. …”
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Alpha 2 Delta (α2δ) Ligands, gabapentin and pregabalin: what is the evidence for potential use of these ligands in irritable bowel syndrome by Jeremy eGale, Lesley A Houghton, Lesley A Houghton

“…Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a complex disorder that is characterized by abdominal pain and altered bowel habit, and often associates with other gastrointestinal symptoms such as feelings of incomplete bowel movement and abdominal bloating, and extra-intestinal symptoms such as headache, dyspareunia, heartburn, muscle pain and back pain. …”
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Infantile Systemic Hyalinosis by Sharwari Jaiswal, Bhushan Madke, Meenakshi Chandak, Shivani Jangid

“…Our case contributes to the limited literature on ISH, emphasizing the importance of collaborative efforts in diagnosing and managing this complex disorder.…”
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Epigenetic mechanisms in multiple sclerosis and the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). by Burrell, A, Handel, A, Ramagopalan, S, Ebers, G, Morahan, J

“…Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex disorder of the central nervous system characterized by demyelination, axonal loss, and inflammation. …”

C2/3 Transfacetal fixation: An underutilized technique of C2 fixation in the management of atlantoaxial dislocation − A technical note with review of literature by Deepak Kumar Singh, Diwakar Shankar, Rakesh Kumar Singh, Mohammad Kaif, Kuldeep Yadav

“…Background: Atlantoaxial Dislocation (AAD) is a complex disorder of craniovertebral junction (CVJ). Many techniques are available to treat AAD but there are some specific conditions where some techniques have advantage over the other. …”
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Unusual presentation of transthyretin (ATTR) cardiac amyloidosis: A case report of pruritus as a possible initial symptom and challenging diagnosis by Massood Baghaee, Mahsa Mohammadi, Amir Moradi, Erfan Ghadirzadeh, Hanie Karimi, Parastoo Ghorbani, Mohsen Rajabnia, Mojgan Forootan

“…Abstract Amyloidosis is a complex disorder in which misfolded proteins accumulate in various organs of the body. …”
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The role of orthodontists in the multidisciplinary management of obstructive sleep apnea by Jorge Faber, Aliciane Mota, Lai-In Ho, M Ali Darendeliler

“…Abstract Background Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a complex disorder characterized by interruptions in breathing during sleep, leading to a range of adverse outcomes from reduced quality of life to serious health risks, including cardiovascular diseases and increased mortality. …”
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Bardet-Biedl syndrome in a 19-year-old male: the first case report from Palestine by Hamza B. Karmi, Yahya Abu Jwaid, Mohammad Hakam Shehadeh, Dareen Njoom, Aya Awwad, Hasan Eideh

“…This report highlights diagnostic and therapeutic challenges and underscores the need for further research on this complex disorder.…”
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Mild traumatic brain injury as a pathological process by Yana Naumenko, Irada Yuryshinetz, Yelyzaveta Zabenko, Tetyana Pivneva

“…In this review paper, we systematize current knowledge of biomechanical and molecular mechanisms of mild TBI and provide general information on the classification and epidemiology of this complex disorder.…”
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The role of mitochondria in cardiovascular diseases related to atherosclerosis by Victor Yu Glanz, Igor A. Sobenin, Andrey V. Grechko, Shaw-Fang Yet, Alexander N. Orekhov

“…Atherosclerosis is a complex disorder that involves several mechanisms of pathogenesis tightly related to each other: lipid accumulation, inflammation and structural changes in the arterial wall. …”
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Outcome and treatment of cesarean scar ectopic pregnancy under ultrasound-guided vacuum aspiration by Naz Azad Abdullah

“…Conclusions Cesarean scar ectopic pregnancy is a dangerous and complex disorder with an increasing occurrence in recent years. …”
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Vulvodynia – A contemporary understanding and practical approach in primary care settings by Sasikala Devi Amirthalingam, Sivalingam Nalliah

“…Neurobiological and psychosocial elements contribute to a better understanding of the management of this complex disorder. Initial evaluation with detailed history-taking and focused pelvic examination are essential to exclude organic diseases contributing to vulvar pain. …”
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Association of <it>ADHIB </it>and <it>ALDH2 </it>gene polymorphisms with alcohol dependence: A pilot study from India by Vaswani Meera, Prasad Pushplata, Kapur Suman

“…<p>Abstract</p> <p>Functional polymorphism in the genes encoding alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) 1B and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) 2 are considered most important among several genetic determinants of alcohol dependence, a complex disorder. There is no report on the widely studied Arg47His and Glu487Lys polymorphisms from Indian alcoholdependent populations. …”
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Comorbid psychiatric disorders in 201 cases of encopresis by Fatih Unal, Berna Pehlivantürk

“… Although encopresis is a common and complex disorder, relatively few studies have evaluated the comorbid psychiatric disorders in this condition. …”
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Daridorexant for the Treatment of Insomnia by Christopher L Robinson, Rajesh Supra, Evan Downs, Saurabh Kataria, Katelyn Parker, Alan D. Kaye, Omar Viswanath, Ivan Urits

“…Insomnia often occurs in the presence of coexisting comorbidities making it a complex disorder that requires a multifactorial approach to therapy. …”
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The investigation of Cushing syndrome: essentials in optimizing appropriate diagnosis and management. by Juszczak, A, Grossman, A

“…Confirmation of the diagnosis of CS and accurate localization of its source are vital to optimize therapy for this complex disorder.…”

Whole Genome Sequencing in Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome by Jeanne L. Theis, Timothy M. Olson

“…Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is a genetically complex disorder. Whole genome sequencing enables comprehensive scrutiny of single nucleotide variants and small insertions/deletions, within both coding and regulatory regions of the genome, revolutionizing susceptibility-gene discovery research. …”
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