Direct Observation of Transition Metal Ions Evolving into Single Atoms: Formation and Transformation of Nanoparticle Intermediates by Zheng Han, Yi Wang, Jiming Zheng, Ren Li, Boqian Jia, Dingding Li, Lei Bai, Xuting Guo, Lirong Zheng, Jinbo Bai, Kunyue Leng, Yunteng Qu

“…Theoretical calculations together with control experiments based on Cu unveil that the ion‐to‐NP conversion can arise from the carbon reduction, and NP‐to‐SA conversion being steered by generating more thermodynamically stable Cu‐N4 configuration instead of Cu NPs. …”
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A tEEG framework for studying designer’s cognitive and affective states by Mengting Zhao, Wenjun Jia, Daocheng Yang, Philon Nguyen, Thanh An Nguyen, Yong Zeng

“…The proposed tEEG framework aims to investigate design activities with loosely controlled experiments and decompose a complex design process into multiple primitive cognitive activities, corresponding to which different research hypotheses on basic design activities can be effectively formulated and tested. …”
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Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation (tACS) Mechanisms and Protocols by Amir V. Tavakoli, Amir V. Tavakoli, Kyongsik Yun, Kyongsik Yun, Kyongsik Yun

“…We suggest that tACS protocols be based on functional brain mechanisms and appropriate control experiments, including active sham and condition blinding.…”
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Anomaly Detection of Wind Turbine Driveline Based on Sequence Decomposition Interactive Network by Qiucheng Lyu, Yuwei He, Shijing Wu, Deng Li, Xiaosun Wang

“…The proposed method is validated to be more effective than the existing models according to the control experiments.…”
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Influence of Roller Blinds Shading Strategy on West and South Facing Buildings by Tzu-Yang Hu, Chun-Kuei Chen, Feng-Yi Lin, Ta-Hui Lin

“…This study investigates the impact of roller blinds as an energy-saving strategy in a subtropical climate. Lighting control experiments were performed on west-facing and south-facing windows in the Subtropical Performance-Testbed for Innovative eNergy Research in Buildings Laboratory (SPINLab). …”
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A Virtual Reality Whiteboard System for Remote Collaboration Using Natural Handwriting by Jiangkun Wang, Lei Jing

“…First, we compared the collaboration efficiency of the traditional whiteboard, the electronic whiteboard, and the proposed virtual reality whiteboard in a series of controlled experiments. It was discovered that the VR whiteboard significantly improves collaboration efficiency in comparison to the mouse-based electronic whiteboard and is comparable to the traditional whiteboard. …”
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Learning is enhanced by tailoring instruction to individual genetic differences by David G Mets, Michael S Brainard

“…However, this proposition has resisted clear demonstration in human studies, where it is difficult to control experience and quantify outcomes. Here, we take advantage of the tractable nature of vocal learning in songbirds (Lonchura striata domestica) to test the idea that matching instruction to individual genetic predispositions can enhance learning. …”
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Enhancement of Lysozyme Crystallization Using DNA as a Polymeric Additive by Bo Zhang, Yao Wang, Shiki Thi, Vincent Toong, Ping Luo, Shilong Fan, Lijin Xu, Zhongqiang Yang, Jerry Y. Y. Heng

“…Using three kinds of DNA with different molecular weights—calf DNA, salmon DNA, and herring DNA—this study showed an improvement in the success rate of lysozyme crystallization, as compared to control experiments, especially at low lysozyme concentration. …”
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Study of Obstacle-Crossing and Pitch Control Characteristic of a Novel Jumping Robot by Jixue Mo, Ze Yan, Bing Li, Fengfeng Xi, Yao Li

“…Besides, the dynamics model of aerial pitch control was built and its effect was verified by the pitch control experiment. Lastly, the robot’s obstacle-crossing experiments were performed and the results validated the robot’s good ability of obstacle-crossing and aerial body righting. …”
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KubeHound: Detecting Microservices’ Security Smells in Kubernetes Deployments by Giorgio Dell’Immagine, Jacopo Soldani, Antonio Brogi

“…We finally show that <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">KubeHound</span> can effectively detect instances of security smells in microservice applications by means of controlled experiments and by applying it to existing, third-party applications.…”
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Evaluation of an Ocean Reanalysis System in the Indian and Pacific Oceans by Changxiang Yan, Jiang Zhu

“…Compared with the control experiment without assimilation, IPORA greatly reduces the errors of temperature, salinity, sea level anomaly, and current fields, and improves the interannual variability. …”
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Controlling a peristaltic robot inspired by inchworms by Yanhong Peng, Hiroyuki Nabae, Yuki Funabora, Koichi Suzumori

“…Through a series of controlled experiments, we demonstrate that the robot can achieve a maximum transportation speed of 8.54 mm/s and handle loads exceeding 100 g, significantly outperforming existing models in both speed and load capacity. …”
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Researches on Some Biological and Ecological Characteristics of Sweet Corn by Luana GRECU (PĂCURAR), Maria APAHIDEAN, Voichiţa HAŞ, Florin RUSSU, Alexandu Ioan APAHIDEAN, Ancuţa BOANTĂ

“…The earliest hybrids Prima and Estival, have the lowest average number of grains/row, with very significant differences compared to control (experience average). Estival, Estival M and Jubilee hybrids show the highest number of rows of grains/cobs, with very significant differences over the average.…”
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Network Centrality as an Indicator for Pollinator Parasite Transmission via Flowers by Niels Piot, Guy Smagghe, Ivan Meeus

“…Although several controlled experiments have shown that flowers function as a transmission hub for parasites, the link with the plant–pollinator network has rarely been addressed in the field. …”
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Oxygen-Free Csp³-H Oxidation of Pyridin-2-yl-methanes to Pyridin-2-yl-methanones with Water by Copper Catalysis by Ming Zeng, Jia-Le Chen, Xue Luo, Yan-Jiao Zou, Zhao-Ning Liu, Jun Dai, Deng-Zhao Jiang, Jin-Jing Li

“…Pyridin-2-yl-methanes with aromatic rings, such as substituted benzene, thiophene, thiazole, pyridine, and triazine, undergo the reaction well to obtain the corresponding products in moderate to good yields. Several controlled experiments are operated for the mechanism exploration, indicating that water participates in the oxidation process, and it is the single oxygen source in this transformation. …”
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On the (Non-)Scalability of Target Media for Evaluating the Performance of Ancient Projectile Weapons by Pettigrew Devin B., Bamforth Douglas B.

“…When they work, controlled experiments can efficiently and clearly reveal essential characteristics of the functions and performance of ancient hunting and fighting weapons. …”
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A Dual-Inlet Pump with a Simple Valves System by Le Wang, Junming Liu, Xin Wang, Si Chen

“…The general operating frequency of the pump was obtained by combining the finite element analysis of the piezoelectric actuator under dry and wet modes with the mechanical vibration test, and a series of measured flow rates were compared and improved through valve stiffness optimization and pump chamber height adjustment in the subsequent control experiment. The proposed piezoelectric pump achieves a maximum flow rate of 33.18 mL/min at a 180 V_p-p voltage with the driving frequency of 100 Hz, which may bring new inspiration for the application of small intelligent pumps in the field of microfluidics.…”
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Neural Networks Applied for Predictive Parameters Analysis of the Refill Friction Stir Spot Welding Process of 6061-T6 Aluminum Alloy Plates by Dan Cătălin Bîrsan, Viorel Păunoiu, Virgil Gabriel Teodor

“…A finite element analysis was performed to understand the complexity of the thermomechanical phenomena during this welding process, validated by controlled experiments. An optimization model using neural networks was developed based on 98 parameter sets resulting from changing 3 welding parameters, namely pin penetration depth, pin rotation speed, and retention time. …”
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PtPdAg hollow nanodendrites : template‐free synthesis and high electrocatalytic activity for methanol oxidation reaction by Zhang, Tao, Sun, Yiqiang, Li, Xuejiao, Li, Xinyang, Liu, Dilong, Liu, Guangqing, Li, Cuncheng, Fan, Hong Jin, Li, Yue

“…These HNDs possess rich atomic steps and grain boundaries, leading to evidently higher catalytic activity in methanol electrooxidation reaction than commercial Pt black and solid particles with smooth surfaces. From control experiments and density functional theory calculations, it is proven that the tri‐metallic HND has a stronger electronic coupling as compared with the PtPd and PtAg nanoparticles. …”
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Feature extraction from pilot-controller voice communication using machine learning by Thanaraj, T.

“…Air traffic control (ATC) communication is an important link between pilots and controllers. Often, ATC controllers experience immense pressure when the airspace sector they are handling becomes more complex. …”
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