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1401
Pilot-scale steam explosion pretreatment with 2-naphthol to overcome high softwood recalcitrance
Published 2017-05-01“…Mixing with the biomass before pretreatment could enhance digestibility by up to 55% compared to control experiments. Impregnation of the biomass with 2-naphthol was yet more effective. …”
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1402
HPA-1 polymorphism of αIIbβ3 modulates platelet adhesion onto immobilized fibrinogen in an in-vitro flow system
Published 2007-02-01“…Perfusion of blood preincubated with Abciximab over fibrinogen-coated cover-slips showed reduced platelet adherence (absolute fluorescence: 168 ± 35 U vs. 53000 ± 19000 at control experiments, p < 0.05), as well as by perfusion over BSA-coated glass coverslips. …”
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1403
Cytotoxicity and Characterization of Ultrafine Particles from Desktop Three-Dimensional Printers with Multiple Filaments
Published 2023-08-01“…In this study, controlled experiments were conducted where the particles emitted were used to expose cells grown in an air-liquid interface (ALI) system. …”
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1404
Satellite Radiance Data Assimilation Using the WRF-3DVAR System for Tropical Storm Dianmu (2021) Forecasts
Published 2022-06-01“…In the first, the control experiment, only conventional data in Binary Universal Form for the Representation of Meteorological Data (PREPBUFR) observations from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) were assimilated. …”
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1405
Data Enrichment as a Method of Data Preprocessing to Enhance Short-Term Wind Power Forecasting
Published 2023-02-01“…It can cooperate with any existing forecasting models that have weather prediction data as inputs. The controlled experiments on three actual individual wind farms have verified the effectiveness of the proposed data enrichment method: The normalized root mean square error (NRMSE) of the day-ahead wind power forecast of XGBoost and LSTM with data enrichment is 11% to 27% lower than that of XGBoost and LSTM without data enrichment. …”
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1406
Synthesis of Amino Acids Bearing Halodifluoromethyl Moieties and Their Application to p53-Derived Peptides Binding to Mdm2/Mdm4
Published 2023-04-01“…By reducing the side chain length of Nle(ϵNHCOCF2X) to Abu(γNHCOCF2X) as control experiments and through quantum mechanical calculations, we suggest that the observed affinity enhancement is related to halogen bond-induced intramolecular stabilization of the α-helical binding mode of the peptide or a direct interaction with His54 in human Mdm4.Graphical Abstract: Keywords: halogen bonding, solid-phase peptide synthesis, unnatural amino acids, fluorescence polarization assay, oncological target, MdmX…”
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1407
The Effect of the Environment on the Case Hardening Characteristics of AISI 1018 Steel during Cassava Leaf Pack Cyaniding
Published 2023-12-01“…The process was carried out at two different temperatures (850 °C and 950 °C) and under three environmental conditions: Process 1, the control experiment, was carried out in air only; in Process 2, the medium comprised pulverized cassava leaves; and in Process 3 a combination of pulverized cassava leaves plus barium carbonate (BaCO<sub>3</sub>) was used as an energizer (CBC mixture). …”
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1408
Intelligent Wood Inspection Approach Utilizing Enhanced Swin Transformer
Published 2024-01-01“…The instance segmentation model parameters are also modified, encompassing multi-scale training, an increased number of training samples, improved image input size, and effective data widening techniques, all of which enhance log measurement accuracy and resolve the issue of partially occluded logs.This study conducts multiple control experiments to evaluate various scale metrics, such as mean average precision (mAP), log true detection rate, false detection rate, as well as comparing the root count and volume of logs through prediction. …”
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1409
The Effect of Trophic Modes on Biomass and Lipid Production of Five Microalgal Strains
Published 2022-01-01“…Microalgae strains were cultivated in the presence of 1% glucose using mixotrophic and heterotrophic conditions, while autotrophic cultures served as control experiments. The results demonstrate that <i>S. obliquus</i> performed the highest biomass productivity that reached 0.13 and 0.14 g L<sup>−1</sup> d<sup>−1</sup> under mixotrophic and heterotrophic conditions, respectively. …”
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1410
Effectiveness of the Execution and Prevention of Metric-Based Adversarial Attacks on Social Network Data <sup>†</sup>
Published 2020-06-01“…We conduct a series of controlled experiments on synthetic network data to identify attacks that allow the adversary to achieve their objective with a single move. …”
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1411
Comparison of microscopic adsorption characteristics of Zn(II), Pb(II), and Cu(II) on kaolinite
Published 2022-09-01“…Abstract In this research, kaolinite was used to investigate the comparative adsorption of copper, lead, and zinc ions through batch control experiments and first principles calculations. Different adsorption conditions were considered as the effect of solution acidity, initial concentration of ions, and contact shaking time. …”
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1412
Modulation of Paracellular-like Drug Transport across an Artificial Biomimetic Barrier by Osmotic Stress-Induced Liposome Shrinking
Published 2022-03-01“…Apparent permeabilities for calcein and acyclovir across the PermeaPad<sup>®</sup> barrier were found to increase approximately 2.0 and 1.7 fold, respectively, upon hypo-osmotic pretreatment (soaking in hypotonic medium, while the permeation of hydrocortisone and celecoxib remained unchanged. A control experiment with lipid-free barriers (support sheets) indicated that the permeation of all the compounds was virtually unchanged upon hypo-osmotic pretreatment. …”
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1413
Quality of biogas generated through co-digestion of Brewer’s spent grain and cattle dung
Published 2023-11-01“…Digestion of two substrates was managed at a retention time of 10 days at BSG: CD ratios: 1:3, 1:2, 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, BSG and CD control experiments with substrates combination of 4.5 kg in each setup. …”
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1414
Novel Intelligent Spatiotemporal Grid Earthquake Early-Warning Model
Published 2021-08-01“…Five groups of control experiments were designed, namely with the use of atmospheric temperature anomaly data only, use of historical earthquake data only, a non-group convolution control group, a support vector machine control group, and a seismic statistical analysis control group. …”
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1415
Reducing sea turtle bycatch with net illumination in an Indonesian small-scale coastal gillnet fishery
Published 2022-11-01“…We conducted controlled experiments of net illumination as a potential BRT to reduce sea turtle bycatch in a coastal gillnet fishery based in Paloh, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. …”
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1416
A Hexadecanuclear Cobalt-Added Tungstogermanate Containing Counter Cobalt Hydrates: Synthesis, Structure and Photocatalytic Properties
Published 2023-07-01“…Compound <b>1</b> can effectively drive the heterogeneous photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction in the presence of [Ir(ppy)<sub>2</sub>(dtbbpy)][PF<sub>6</sub>] as the photosensitizer, with triethanolamine (TEOA) and N-Hydroxy succinimide (NHS) used as the dual sacrificial reagents. Control experiments revealed the important role of NHS in enhancing the hydrogen-evolution activities. …”
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1417
Biocontrol of <i>Stemphylium vesicarium</i> and <i>Pleospora allii</i> on Pear by <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> and <i>Trichoderma</i> spp.: Preventative and Curative Effects on Inoculu...
Published 2021-07-01“…Two strategies were tested in controlled experiments: application before (preventative strategy) or after (curative strategy) pear leaf debris colonization by <i>S. vesicarium</i>, evaluating the growth inhibition and sporulation of <i>S. vesicarium</i> and the pseudothecia production of <i>P. allii</i>. …”
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1418
Fabrication of device with poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-b-ssDNA copolymer brush for resistivity study
Published 2017-10-01“…By performing the controlled experiments, in the same manner, using another sequence with lengths similar to that of the target sequence without complementarity. …”
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1419
Assessment of Climate Indices over the Carpathian Basin Based on ALADIN5.2 and REMO2015 Regional Climate Model Simulations
Published 2023-02-01“…ERA-Interim reanalysis was used in the evaluation experiment, while the CNRM-CM5 and the MPI-ESM-LR global climate models (GCM) provided the forcings in the control experiments. The model outputs were compared with the CarpatClim-HU observational dataset for the 1981–2000 period. …”
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1420
Controlling Laser Irradiation with Tissue Temperature Feedback Enhances Photothermal Applications: Ex-Vivo Evaluation on Bovine Liver
Published 2022-12-01“…In contrast, fixed-dose application groups displayed a high final temperature range and variation in the control experiment. Temperature–time responses of samples varied significantly, in agreement with a wide range of optical and thermal coefficients. …”
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