An Efficient and Automated Image Preprocessing Using Semantic Segmentation for Improving the 3D Reconstruction of Soybean Plants at the Vegetative Stage by Yongzhe Sun, Linxiao Miao, Ziming Zhao, Tong Pan, Xueying Wang, Yixin Guo, Dawei Xin, Qingshan Chen, Rongsheng Zhu

“…In order to ensure the accuracy of the 3D model, while reducing the difficulty of image preprocessing and improving the speed of 3D reconstruction, deep learning semantic segmentation technology was used in the present study to preprocess original images of soybean plants. Additionally, control experiments involving soybean plants of different varieties and different growth periods were conducted. …”
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Infrared-Fused Vision-Based Thermoregulation Performance Estimation for Personal Thermal Comfort-Driven HVAC System Controls by Ali Ghahramani, Qian Xu, Syung Min, Andy Wang, Hui Zhang, Yingdong He, Alexander Merritt, Ronnen Levinson

“…To evaluate the efficacy of our proposed approach in responding to thermal stimuli, we designed a series of controlled experiments to simulate exposure to cold and hot environments. …”
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Responses of soil bacterial communities to precipitation change in the semi-arid alpine grassland of Northern Tibet by Xueqin Li, Xueqin Li, Yan Yan, Xuyang Lu, Lijiao Fu, Lijiao Fu, Yanling Liu, Yanling Liu

“…Here we conducted a precipitation control experiment to simulate precipitation change by reducing and increasing rainfall by 25%, 50%, and 75% in the alpine grasslands of northern Tibet. …”
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A comparison of Illumina and Ion Torrent sequencing platforms in the context of differential gene expression by Nicholas F. Lahens, Emanuela Ricciotti, Olga Smirnova, Erik Toorens, Eun Ji Kim, Giacomo Baruzzo, Katharina E. Hayer, Tapan Ganguly, Jonathan Schug, Gregory R. Grant

“…Conclusions Taken together, our results indicate that while Illumina and Ion Torrent have similar capacities to detect changes in biology from a treatment/control experiment, these platforms may be tailored to interrogate different transcriptional phenomena through careful selection of alignment software.…”
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Microgravity Affects Thyroid Cancer Cells during the TEXUS-53 Mission Stronger than Hypergravity by Sascha Kopp, Marcus Krüger, Johann Bauer, Markus Wehland, Thomas J. Corydon, Jayashree Sahana, Mohamed Zakaria Nassef, Daniela Melnik, Thomas J. Bauer, Herbert Schulz, Andreas Schütte, Burkhard Schmitz, Hergen Oltmann, Stefan Feldmann, Manfred Infanger, Daniela Grimm

“…As sounding rocket flights consist of several flight phases with different acceleration forces, rigorous control experiments are mandatory. Hypergravity (hyper-<i>g</i>) experiments were performed at 18<i>g</i> on a centrifuge in simulation of the rocket launch and s-&#181;<i>g</i> was simulated by a random positioning machine (RPM). qPCR analyses of selected genes revealed no remarkable expression changes in controls as well as in hyper-<i>g</i> samples taken at the end of the first minute of launch. …”
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Marsh-induced backwater: the influence of non-fluvial sedimentation on a delta's channel morphology and kinematics by K. M. Sanks, J. B. Shaw, S. M. Zapp, J. Silvestre, R. Dutt, K. M. Straub

“…However, in the control experiment, the channel beds generally exist at or above relative sea level, creating channel movement resembling morphodynamic backwater kinematics and topographic flow expansions. …”
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Very High Resolution Images and Superpixel-Enhanced Deep Neural Forest Promote Urban Tree Canopy Detection by Yang Liu, Huaiqing Zhang, Zeyu Cui, Kexin Lei, Yuanqing Zuo, Jiansen Wang, Xingtao Hu, Hanqing Qiu

“…To compare the detection accuracy of SDNF, the random forest (RF) was used to conduct a control experiment with synchronization. Compared with the RF model, SDNF always performed better in OA under the same training sample size. …”
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Perovskite-Inspired Photovoltaic Materials: Toward Best Practices in Materials Characterization and Calculations by Schulz, Philip, Schelhas, Laura T., Holder, Aaron M., Stone, Kevin H., Perkins, John D., Vigil-Fowler, Derek, Siol, Sebastian, Scanlon, David O., Zakutayev, Andriy, Walsh, Aron, Smith, Ian C., Melot, Brent C., Wang, Yiping, Shi, Jian, Marques, Francisco C., Berry, Joseph J., Tumas, William, Lany, Stephan, Stevanović, Vladan, Toney, Michael F., Hoye, Robert L. Z., Kurchin, Rachel Chava, Buonassisi, Anthony

“…This article highlights the lessons learned from the seminar and the insights of some of the attendees, with reference to both recent literature and controlled experiments to illustrate the challenges discussed. …”
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Impact of Radiance Data Assimilation on the Prediction of Heavy Rainfall in RMAPS: A Case Study by Yanhui Xie, Jiancheng Shi, Shuiyong Fan, Min Chen, Youjun Dou, Dabin Ji

“…In comparison with the control experiment that only assimilated conventional observations, the experiment with the integrated satellite radiance data improved the rainfall forecast accuracy for 6 h accumulated precipitation after about 6 h, especially for rainfall amounts that were greater than 25 mm. …”
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Biodegradation of Selected Hydrocarbons by <i>Fusarium</i> Species Isolated from Contaminated Soil Samples in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia by Fatimah Al-Otibi, Rasha M. Al-Zahrani, Najat Marraiki

“…The biosurfactants produced by the three isolates stimulated tomato seeds’ germination more than in control experiments. Conclusion: The current study suggested the possible oil-biodegradation activities induced by three <i>Fusarium</i> isolates from Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. …”
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Silicone wristbands as personal passive samplers of exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls in contaminated buildings by Marie Frederiksen, Helle Vibeke Andersen, Sofie Lillelund Ovesen, Katrin Vorkamp, Stephanie C. Hammel, Lisbeth E. Knudsen

“…The aim of this study was to test silicone wristbands as a method for estimating personal exposure to PCBs in buildings both in controlled experiments and field settings. In the controlled study, the sampling kinetics of silicone wristbands were investigated in a 31-day uptake study. …”
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Toxicity and sub-lethal effect of endemic plants from family Anacardiaceae on oviposition behavior of Aedes albopictus by Wan Fatma Zuharah, Chan Jia Ling, Nurfazlina Zulkifly, Nik Fadzly

“…For comparison, only seasoned water was used in control experiment. Results: G. renghas demonstrated lower LC50 value of 372.80 mg/L compared to M. fasciculiflora (467.90 mg/L). …”
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MinION Sequencing of Yeast Mock Communities To Assess the Effect of Databases and ITS-LSU Markers on the Reliability of Metabarcoding Analysis by Angela Conti, Debora Casagrande Pierantoni, Vincent Robert, Laura Corte, Gianluigi Cardinali

“…However, these novel technologies need to be assessed and standardized with controlled experiments, such as mock communities. The interest behind this work was to evaluate how long reads performed identification and quantification of species mixed in precise proportions and how the choice of database affects such analyses. …”
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Grape Tomato Growth, Yield, and Fruit Mineral Content as Affected by Rootstocks in a High Tunnel Organic Production System by Tian Gong, Xuelian Zhang, Jeffrey K. Brecht, Zachary E. Black, Xin Zhao

“…Grape tomato scions ‘BHN 1022’ (determinate) and ‘Sweet Hearts’ (indeterminate) were grafted onto ‘DR0141TX’ (vegetative), ‘Estamino’ (generative), and ‘Multifort’ (noncharacterized) rootstocks with self- and nongrafted scions as controls. Experiments were conducted twice with different transplanting dates (Expt. 1: 31 Jan. vs. …”
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Alkaline mineral addition to anoxic to hypoxic Baltic Sea sediments as a potentially efficient CO2-removal technique by Michael Fuhr, Klaus Wallmann, Andrew W. Dale, Habeeb Thanveer Kalapurakkal, Mark Schmidt, Stefan Sommer, Christian Deusner, Timo Spiegel, Jannes Kowalski, Sonja Geilert, Sonja Geilert

“…The addition of both materials increased benthic alkalinity release by 2.94 μmol cm−2 d−1 (calcite) and 1.12 μmol cm−2 d−1 (dunite), compared to the unamended control experiment. These excess fluxes are significantly higher than those obtained under winter conditions. …”
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A multi-layer composite identification scheme of cryptographic algorithm based on hybrid random forest and logistic regression model by Ke Yuan, Yabing Huang, Zhanfei Du, Jiabao Li, Chunfu Jia

“…In addition, two ensemble learning models, hybrid gradient boosting decision tree and logistic regression (HGBDTLR) model and hybrid k-neighbors and random forest (HKNNRF) model are used as controls to conduct controlled experiments in this paper. The experimental results show that multi-layer composite identification scheme of cryptographic algorithm based on HRFLR model has an accuracy rate close to 100% in the cluster division stage, and the identification results are higher than those of the other two models in both the cluster division and single division stages. …”
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Luteal Presence and Ovarian Response at the Beginning of a Timed Artificial Insemination Protocol for Lactating Dairy Cows Affect Fertility: A Meta-Analysis by Stefan Borchardt, Alina Pohl, Wolfgang Heuwieser

“…The time interval between the PGF _2α injection and G2 had to range from 48 to 72 h. We used 28 controlled experiments from 27 published manuscripts including 16,489 cows with the objective of evaluating the effect size of having a functional corpus luteum (CL) at G1 on P/AI. …”
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Impact of an extremely large magnitude volcanic eruption on the global climate and carbon cycle estimated from ensemble Earth System Model simulations by J. Segschneider, A. Beitsch, C. Timmreck, V. Brovkin, T. Ilyina, J. Jungclaus, S. J. Lorenz, K. D. Six, D. Zanchettin

“…The model experiment consists of an ensemble of fifteen model integrations that are started at different pre-ENSO states of a control experiment and run for 200 years after the volcanic eruption. …”
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Transmission of stony coral tissue loss disease (SCTLD) in simulated ballast water confirms the potential for ship-born spread by Michael S. Studivan, Michelle Baptist, Vanessa Molina, Scott Riley, Matthew First, Nash Soderberg, Ewelina Rubin, Ashley Rossin, Daniel M. Holstein, Ian C. Enochs

“…Two species of reef-building corals (Orbicella faveolata and Pseudodiploria strigosa) were subjected to (1) disease-exposed or UV-treated disease-exposed water, and (2) a ballast hold time series of disease-exposed water in two carefully-controlled experiments to evaluate transmission. Our experiments demonstrated transmission of SCTLD through water, rather than direct contact between diseased and healthy corals. …”
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The Potential Impacts of Statins and Beta-Blockers on West Virginia Ichthyofauna by Joseph W. Kingsbury, Kyle J. Hartman

“…Further research targeting individual tissues and controlled experiments with different exposure regimes will be required to further enlighten the long-term effects of cardiovascular PPCPs on fish health.…”
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